Search results for "Dose"

showing 10 items of 2247 documents

Assessment of UV Biological Spectral Weighting Functions for Phenolic Metabolites and Growth Responses in Silver Birch Seedlings

2009

In research concerning stratospheric ozone depletion, action spectra are used as biological spectral weighting functions (BSWFs) for describing the effects of UV radiation on plant responses. Our aim was to evaluate the appropriateness of six frequently used BSWFs that differ in effectiveness with increasing wavelength. The evaluation of action spectra was based on calculating the effective UV radiation doses according to 1-2) two formulations of the generalized plant action spectrum, 3) a spectrum for ultraviolet induced erythema in human skin, 4) a spectrum for the accumulation of a flavonol in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, 5) a spectrum for DNA damage in alfalfa seedlings and 6) the pla…

0106 biological sciencesOzoneUltraviolet Raysmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesBiochemistrySpectral line03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundOzoneFlavonolsPhenolsBotanymedicineFood sciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBetula030304 developmental biologyAction spectrumchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiologyMesembryanthemum crystallinumDose-Response Relationship RadiationGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationOzone depletionchemistrySeedlings13. Climate actionChlorophyllUltraviolet010606 plant biology & botanyPhotochemistry and Photobiology
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Evaluation of the shielding in a treatment room with an electronic brachytherapy unit.

2017

Esteya® (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, The Netherlands) is an electronic brachytherapy (eBT) system based on a 69.5 kVp x-ray source and a set of collimators of 1 to 3 cm in diameter, used for treating non-melanoma skin cancer lesions. This study aims to estimate room shielding requirements for this unit. The non-primary (scattered and leakage) ambient dose equivalent rates were measured with a Berthold LB-133 monitor (Berthold Technologies, Bad Wildbad, Germany). The latter ranges from 17 mSv h-1 at 0.25 m distance from the x-ray source to 0.1 mSv h-1 at 2.5 m. The necessary room shielding was then estimated following US and some European guidelines. The room shielding for all barriers…

0106 biological sciencesbusiness.industryEquivalent dosemedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthTreatment roomGeneral MedicineRadiation Dosage01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadiation ProtectionElectromagnetic shieldingCalibrationmedicineHumansScattering RadiationNuclear medicinebusinessRadiometryWaste Management and Disposal010606 plant biology & botanyJournal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection
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Essential oil variability in a collection of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) cultivars.

2016

Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) is an aromatic plant of great tradition in the Mediterranean area. Its economic importance is growing up determining an expansion of cultivation. This paper evaluated the morphological traits, the chemical profiles, and antibacterial activity of 21 cultivars of basil belonging to Ê»Genoveseʼ, Ê»Napoletanoʼ, and Ê»Purple basilʼ types. The cultivars were characterized by different growth rate and morphological traits. The chemical composition of the oils analyzed by GC and GC/MS analysis, supported by the PCA analysis, underlined the strong influence of chemotype. It is noteworthy that estragole, never present in Genovese and purple basil types, occurred in …

0106 biological sciencesfood.ingredientPCA analysisBioengineeringMicrobial Sensitivity TestsBiologyGram-Positive Bacteria01 natural sciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity Relationship0404 agricultural biotechnologyfoodLinaloolMethyl eugenolOcimum basilicum LBiomorphological characteristicAnti-Bacterial AgentBotanyGram-Negative BacteriaAntibacterial activitiesOils VolatileBiomorphological characteristicsMolecular BiologyEssential-oil constituentChemotypeDose-Response Relationship DrugMicrobial Sensitivity TestChemistry (all)Basilicumfood and beveragesEssential-oil constituents04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineOcimumbiology.organism_classification040401 food scienceAnti-Bacterial AgentsEugenolchemistryOcimum basilicumMolecular MedicineAntibacterial activitieEstragoleLamiaceaeAntibacterial activities; Biomorphological characteristics; Essential-oil constituents; Ocimum basilicum L.; PCA analysisPCA analysi010606 plant biology & botany
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Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils of Five Apiaceae Taxa and Some of Their Main Constituents Against Culex quinquefasciatus.

2018

Apiaceae are aromatic herbs producing essential oils which are used on an industrial scale for various purposes. Notably, Apiaceae essential oils may replace synthetic insecticides keeping most of their efficacy and avoiding environmental pollution and human poisoning. In the present work, we explored the insecticidal potential of the essential oils from five Apiaceae taxa, namely Sison amomum, Echinophora spinosa, Heracleum sphondylium subsp. sphondylium, Heracleum sphondylium subsp. ternatum, and Trachyspemum ammi, as well as their major constituents (sabinene, p-cymene, terpinolene, myristicin, and thymol), against the filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus. For the purpose, the essent…

0106 biological scienceslarvicidal activityInsecticides[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]VolatileEnvironmental pollution01 natural sciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundThymolInsecticideTraditional medicinebiologyCulex quinquefasciatusAmmiGeneral Medicineselected main constituentMyristicinCulexLarvaEchinophoraMolecular MedicineDrugcomic_books.characterSabineneBioengineeringessential oilDose-Response RelationshipStructure-Activity RelationshipCulex quinquefasciatuselected main constituentsOils VolatileAnimalsMolecular Biologyessential oilsApiaceaeDose-Response Relationship Drug010405 organic chemistryHeracleum sphondyliumAnimalGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classification0104 chemical sciencesFive Apiaceae taxachemistry13. Climate actioncomic_booksOils010606 plant biology & botanyCulex quinquefasciatus; essential oils; Five Apiaceae taxa; larvicidal activity; selected main constituents; Animals; Apiaceae; Culex; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Insecticides; Larva; Oils Volatile; Structure-Activity RelationshipApiaceaeChemistrybiodiversity
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Comparative assessment of a foam-based method for ISCO of coal tar contaminated unsaturated soils

2019

Abstract In situ delivery of liquid reagents in vadose zone is limited by gravity and soil anisotropy. A new foam-based delivery method of persulfate (PS) solutions in unsaturated soils was previously shown to overcome these limitations. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the efficiency of this method regarding contaminant removal. Hence, the comparative oxidation of 200 mg.kg−1 coal tar artificially contaminated soils with thermally activated PS was carried out after PS-delivery using foam, surfactant solution and pure water. The foam-based method was compared in unfavorable conditions to the reference methods. Especially, in the latter, soil and oxidant solutions were thoroughly mix…

02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesReaction rate constantPulmonary surfactantVadose zonemedicineChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)[CHIM]Chemical SciencesCoal tarWaste Management and DisposalComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental sciencesChemistry[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental EngineeringProcess Chemistry and Technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPersulfatePollution6. Clean waterChemical engineering13. Climate actionReagentSoil waterDegradation (geology)0210 nano-technologymedicine.drug
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Low-Power, Subthreshold Reference Circuits for the Space Environment : Evaluated with -rays, X-rays, Protons and Heavy Ions

2019

The radiation tolerance of subthreshold reference circuits for space microelectronics is presented. The assessment is supported by measured results of total ionization dose and single event transient radiation-induced effects under &gamma

02 engineering and technologyHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYgammasäteily7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesanalog single-event transient (ASET)Ionizationsingle-event effects (SEE)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringAnnan elektroteknik och elektronikElectronic circuitPhysicsprotonsSubthreshold conductionionisoiva säteilyröntgensäteilyGamma raygamma-raysHardware and ArchitectureAtomic physicsVoltage referencemikroelektroniikkaprotonitComputer Networks and Communicationslcsh:TK7800-8360voltage referenceIonheavy-ions0103 physical sciencesionizationradiation hardening by design (RHBD)X-raysHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSMicroelectronicsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringhiukkassäteilybandgap voltage reference (BGR)Other Electrical Engineering Electronic Engineering Information Engineering010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringlcsh:Electronicsspace electronicstotal ionization dose (TID)Analog single-event transient (ASET); Bandgap voltage reference (BGR); CMOS analog integrated circuits; Gamma-rays; Heavy-ions; Ionization; Protons; Radiation hardening by design (RHBD); Reference circuits; Single-event effects (SEE); Space electronics; Total ionization dose (TID); Voltage reference; X-raysmikropiiritsäteilyfysiikkaControl and Systems Engineeringreference circuitsSignal ProcessingbusinessSpace environmentHardware_LOGICDESIGNCMOS analog integrated circuits
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UVER and UV index at high altitude in Northwestern Argentina

2016

Measurements of ultraviolet erythemal radiation (UVER) made during two years at three sites located at altitudes over 1000 m a.s.l. in Northwestern Argentina (Salta, San Carlos, and El Rosal) have been used to estimate and analyze the UV Index (UVI) and the cumulative doses at these locations. For the UVER irradiance, data of January (maximum values) and June (minimum values) have been analyzed as representative of the year for all locations. The UVI reaches extreme (> 11) values in > 20% of the analyzed days in Salta (1190 m a.s.l.), while these are reached in San Carlos (1611 m a.s.l.) and El Rosal (3355 m a.s.l.) in > 40% of the analyzed days. Finally, the cumulative doses over an averag…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsVeterinary medicineMeteorologyUltraviolet erythemal radiation (UVER)Ultraviolet RaysBiophysicsIrradianceArgentinaRadiation DosageCumulative dosesCiencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente03 medical and health sciencesRadiation MonitoringHigh altitudeRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSouthern HemisphereRadiationRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyAltitudeEffects of high altitude on humansUltraviolet index (UVI)Southern hemisphereEnvironmental scienceMeteorología y Ciencias AtmosféricasCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease

2017

Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, …

0301 basic medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologylaw.invention0302 clinical medicinec-reactive proteinRandomized controlled triallawCardiovascular Diseasemiddle ageddouble-blind methodantibodiesMyocardial infarctionhumansStrokeinterleukin-1betabiologyAntibodies MonoclonaldrugGeneral MedicineLipidAged; anti-inflammatory agents; antibodies; monoclonal; antibodies; monoclonal; humanized; atherosclerosis; c-reactive protein; cardiovascular diseases; dose-response relationship; drug; double-blind method; female; humans; incidence; infections; interleukin-1beta; lipids; male; middle aged; myocardial infarction; neutropenia; secondary prevention; strokestrokeAnti-Inflammatory AgentagedEditorialfemalemyocardial infarctionAtherosclerosiMonoclonalsecondary preventionHumanmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtymonoclonalNeutropeniaAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedInfectionsPlaceboaged; anti-inflammatory agents; antibodies monoclonal; atherosclerosis; c-reactive protein; cardiovascular diseases; dose-response relationship drug; double-blind method; female; humans; incidence; infection; interleukin-1beta; lipids; male; middle aged; myocardial infarction; neutropenia; secondary prevention; stroke; medicine (all)anti-inflammatory agentsdose-response relationshiplipids03 medical and health sciencesmaleInternal medicinemedicineneutropeniamedicine (all)Dose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryAntiinflammatory Therapy Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic DiseaseC-reactive proteinmedicine.diseaseinfectioncardiovascular diseasesSurgeryCanakinumab030104 developmental biologyincidencebiology.proteinatherosclerosisbusinessNew England journal of medicine
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Therapeutic drug monitoring as a tool to optimize 5-FU-based chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer patients older than 75 years.

2019

Abstract Aims Most clinical trials exclude elderly people, leading to a limited understanding of the benefit-to-risk ratio in this population. Despite existing data regarding the oncological management of elderly receiving fluorouracil (5-FU)-based regimen, our objective was to investigate 5-FU exposure/toxicity relationship in patients ≥75 years and compare the effectiveness of 5-FU therapeutic drug monitoring between elderly and younger patients. Methods Hundred fifty-four patients (31 of whom are older than 75 years) with gastrointestinal cancers, who were to receive 5-FU–based regimens, were included in our study. At cycle 1 (C1), the 5-FU dose was calculated using patient's body surfac…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialty[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]PopulationAntineoplastic Agents03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineHumansGastrointestinal cancereducationAgedGastrointestinal NeoplasmsRetrospective StudiesBody surface areaAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryArea under the curveMiddle Agedmedicine.disease3. Good healthClinical trialRegimen030104 developmental biologyOncologyTolerabilityTherapeutic drug monitoring030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleFluorouracilDrug MonitoringbusinessEuropean journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
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Radiotherapy for the treatment of solitary plasmacytoma: 7-year outcomes by a mono-institutional experience.

2020

Objectives: Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is characterized by a single mass of clonal plasma cells. Definitive RT can result in long-term local control of the SP. Due to the small number of patients and narrow range of doses, phase III randomized trials are lacking. The aim of this study is to further support the potential use of RT for the treatment of SP. Methods: Clinical data of all patients treated for SP at our Institution between 1992 and 2018 were reviewed. A total of 42 consecutive patients were analyzed. Results: The median follow-up was 84.8 months. Radiation dose did not differ significantly as a function of sex, type of SP (solitary bone plasmacytoma or as extramedullary plasmacyt…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentUrologySolitary plasmacytomaBone NeoplasmsMultiple myeloma; Plasma cell neoplasms; Radical radiotherapy; Solitary plasmacytomaEffective dose (radiation)law.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicinemedicineHumansMultiple myelomaAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overHematologyRadical radiotherapyTumor sizebusiness.industryGeneral MedicinePlasma cell neoplasmMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisSurvival AnalysisRadiation therapyPlasma cell neoplasm030104 developmental biologyTreatment OutcomeOncologyItaly030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDisease ProgressionFemalePlasma cell neoplasmsNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessMultiple MyelomaSolitary plasmacytomaFollow-Up StudiesPlasmacytomaJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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