Search results for "Effects"

showing 10 items of 2634 documents

The puzzle of metabolic effects of obstructive sleep apnoea in children.

2016

In adults, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is often associated with metabolic alterations. Although obesity is a major culprit [1], large epidemiological studies have reported a metabolic risk associated with OSA that is independent of obesity. In particular, meta-analyses have shown that effective treatment of OSA by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) improves glycaemic control in both diabetic [2] and nondiabetic patients [3]. In obese children with obstructive sleep apnoea insulin resistance is common while lipids do not show a clear pattern

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentPolysomnographySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioCulprit03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistancestomatognathic systemInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineHumansContinuous positive airway pressureChildTonsillectomySleep Apnea Obstructivebusiness.industryMedicine (all)Metabolic riskmedicine.diseaseSleep in non-human animalsObesitynervous system diseasesrespiratory tract diseasesChild; Humans; Polysomnography; Sleep Apnea Obstructive; Tonsillectomy; Medicine (all); Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineEndocrinology030228 respiratory systemMetabolic effectsCardiologybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHumanThe European respiratory journal
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Sub-200-kHz single soliton generation in a long ring Er-fiber laser with strict polarization control by using twisted fiber

2020

Abstract In the present work we demonstrate a novel single-soliton ultra-low pulse repetition frequency passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser. We mitigate the residual linear birefringence of fiber by fiber twist to achieve a strict control of polarization. For mode-locking the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) was used. Special technique was applied to reduce the overdriving of NPR that allows the generation of single soliton in ultra-long cavity. The strict control of polarization yields a stable relation between the polarization state of the pulses propagating in the cavity and the regimes of generation. A 192.12-kHz train of soliton pulses was obtained with pulse duration o…

Pulse repetition frequencyPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Fiber laser0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsolitonsultra-long laser cavityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTwistmode-locked fiber lasersPhysicsbusiness.industrynonlinear opticsUNESCO::FÍSICAPulse durationNonlinear opticsNonlinear polarizationPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsoverdriving nonlinear effectsSolitonbusiness
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The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 1H-pyridinium-3-olate and 1-methylpyridinium-3-olate with methyl acrylate: a density functional theory study

2010

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 1-substituted pyridinium 3-olates with methyl acrylate is studied using density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. The molecular mechanisms of the possible stereo- and regio-chemical pathways are characterized and explored. Solvent effects are also evaluated by the polarizable continuum model (PCM). Analysis of the results shows that there are relevant differences in the reaction pathways between the gas phase and with solvent. Only results in solvent phase are in accord with literature experimental results where 6-substituted 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-ones are formed preferentially. These polar cycloaddition reactions t…

Pyridinium CompoundsOrganic ChemistryBiochemistryPolarizable continuum modelTransition stateCycloadditionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryDrug Discovery13-Dipolar cycloadditionOrganic chemistryPyridiniumSolvent effectsMethyl acrylateTetrahedron
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Long-term phenological data set of multi-taxonomic groups, agrarian activities, and abiotic parameters from Latvia, northern Europe

2021

A phenological data set collected by citizen-scientists from 1970 to 2018 in Latvia is presented, comprising almost 47,000 individual observations of eight taxonomical groups, in addition to agrarian activities and abiotic parameters, covering in total 159 different phenological phases. These original data published offline in annual issues of the Nature and History Calendar (in Latvian, Dabas un vēstures kalendārs) have been digitized, harmonized and geo-referenced. Overall, the possible use of such data is extensive, as phenological data are excellent bioindicators for characterising climate change and can be used for the elaboration of adaptation strategies in agriculture, forestry, and …

QE1-996.5business.industryEnvironmental resource managementBiomeClimate changeGeologyData setEnvironmental sciencesAgrarian societyGeographyEffects of global warmingEnvironmental monitoringCitizen scienceGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesGE1-350Taxonomic rankbusinessEarth System Science Data
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The Beneficial Effects of Essential Oils in Anti-Obesity Treatment

2021

Obesity is a complex disease caused by an excessive amount of body fat. Obesity is a medical problem and represents an important risk factor for the development of serious diseases such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some types of cancer. Not to be overlooked are the psychological issues that, in obese subjects, turn into very serious pathologies, such as depression, phobias, anxiety, and lack of self-esteem. In addition to modifying one’s lifestyle, the reduction of body mass can be promoted by different natural compounds such as essential oils (EOs). EOs are mixtures of aromatic substances produced by many plants, particularly in medicinal and aromatic…

QH301-705.5Anti-Inflammatory AgentsReviewDiseaseType 2 diabetesCatalysisInorganic ChemistryTerpeneInsulin resistanceNeoplasmsOils VolatileAnimalsHumansMedicineObesityBiology (General)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryQD1-999Molecular BiologyBeneficial effectsSpectroscopyTraditional medicinebusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseMetabolic syndromeObesityComputer Science ApplicationsChemistryDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Cardiovascular DiseasesEssential oilsAnti obesityInsulin ResistanceMetabolic syndromebusinessInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Extracellular Vesicles from Plants: Current Knowledge and Open Questions.

2021

The scientific interest in the beneficial properties of natural substances has been recognized for decades, as well as the growing attention in extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by different organisms, in particular from animal cells. However, there is increasing interest in the isolation and biological and functional characterization of these lipoproteic structures in the plant kingdom. Similar to animal vesicles, these plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) exhibit a complex content of small RNAs, proteins, lipids, and other metabolites. This sophisticated composition enables PDEVs to be therapeutically attractive. In this review, we report and discuss current knowledge on PDEVs…

QH301-705.5anti-tumor effectsComputational biologyReviewanti-tumor effectBiologyomics characterizationExtracellular vesiclesCatalysisInorganic ChemistryExtracellular VesiclesDrug Delivery Systemsanti-inflammatory effectsdrug-delivery vehicleBiological propertyAnimalsHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiology (General)Molecular BiologyQD1-999Spectroscopydrug-delivery vehiclesOrganic ChemistryProteinsGeneral MedicinePlantsLipidsComputer Science Applicationsplant-derived extracellular vesiclesChemistryanti-inflammatory effectRNAInternational journal of molecular sciences
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Discrimination of Radiation Quality Through Second Harmonic Out-of-Phase cw-ESR Detection

2014

The ability to discriminate the quality of ionizing radiation is important because the biological effects produced in tissue strongly depends on both absorbed dose and linear energy transfer (LET) of ionizing particles. Here we present an experimental electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis aimed at discriminating the effective LETs of various radiation beams (e.g., 19.3 MeV protons, 60Co photons and thermal neutrons). The measurement of the intensities of the continuous wave spectrometer signal channel first harmonic in-phase and the second harmonic out-of-phase components are used to distinguish the radiation quality. A computational analysis, was carried out to evaluate the dependence of …

Quality ControlTime FactorsPhotonTime FactorBiophysicsLinear energy transferRadiationIonizing radiationQuality (physics)OpticsRadiation IonizingLinear Energy TransferRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMicrowavesRadiationChemistrybusiness.industryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)EPR spectroscopy; radiation effectsBiophysicAbsorbed doseradiation effectsHarmonicContinuous waveAtomic physicsbusinessMicrowaveEPR spectroscopyRadiation Research
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Infrared bandshapes of intramolecularly H-bonded systems—III. Vibrational dephasing of vs (OH) in 2,6-dichlorophenol

1987

Abstract The shape of the v s (OH) absorption band of intramolecularly H-bonded 2,6-dichlorophenol was measured in a series of solvents of increasing polarity and quantitatively analyzed. A distinct dependence of band positions, shape parameters, band moments, integrated intensities, correlation functions and correlation times on the polarity of solvent has been found. Vibrational dephasing due to dipole—dipole interactions seems to be an important relaxation pathway determining the bandshape in the studied systems.

Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules26-DichlorophenolPolarity (physics)ChemistryInfraredDephasingRelaxation (NMR)General EngineeringSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundNuclear magnetic resonanceAbsorption bandPhysical chemistryPhysics::Chemical PhysicsSolvent effectsSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy
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A nanodosimetric model of radiation-induced clustered DNA damage yields

2010

International audience; We present a nanodosimetric model for predicting the yield of double strand breaks (DSBs) and non-DSB clustered damages induced in irradiated DNA. The model uses experimental ionization cluster size distributions measured in a gas model by an ion counting nanodosimeter or, alternatively, distributions simulated by a Monte Carlo track structure code developed to simulate the nanodosimeter. The model is based on a straightforward combinatorial approach translating ionizations, as measured or simulated in a sensitive gas volume, to lesions in a DNA segment of one-two helical turns considered equivalent to the sensitive volume of the nanodosimeter. The two model paramete…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesAlgorithms Computer Simulation DNA/*radiation effects DNA Breaks[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph]Genetic Monte Carlo Method Nanotechnology/instrumentation/*methods Plasmids/radiation effects Probability Protons/adverse effects Radiometry/instrumentation/*methods Reproducibility of Results Saccharomyces cerevisiae SoftwareDouble-Stranded/radiation effects DNA Damage/*radiation effects Helium/adverse effects *Models
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A theoretical study of solvent effects on the conformational equilibria of neutral glycine in aqueous solution

2003

Abstract In this work conformational equilibrium of neutral glycine in solution is systematically investigated by using DFT and MP2 methods combined with solvent continuum models. A systematic exploration of the potential energy surface and full geometry optimizations for several conformers have been carried out in the gas phase and aqueous solution at the MP2/6-31+G** and B3LYP/6-31+G** levels. Zero-point and thermal contributions to the free energy have been obtained at the B3LYP level. Both theoretical levels lead to very similar results, in geometrical and energetic terms, both in the gas phase and in solution. Solvent effects play an important role on the conformational equilibria of n…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesAqueous solutionChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryTautomerSolventEnergy minimumComputational chemistryPotential energy surfaceThermalPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolvent effectsConformational isomerismJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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