Search results for "Equality."
showing 10 items of 1308 documents
European transnational ecological deprivation index and participation in population-based breast cancer screening programmes in France.
2013
Abstract Background We investigated factors explaining low breast cancer screening programme (BCSP) attendance taking into account a European transnational ecological Deprivation Index. Patients and methods Data of 13,565 women aged 51–74 years old invited to attend an organised mammography screening session between 2010 and 2011 in thirteen French departments were randomly selected. Information on the women's participation in BCSP, their individual characteristics and the characteristics of their area of residence were recorded and analysed in a multilevel model. Results Between 2010 and 2012, 7121 (52.5%) women of the studied population had their mammography examination after they receive…
Life Cycle Consumption and the Great Recession
2017
Using Italian Household Budget Survey data for the period 1997-2013, this paper estimates the life cycle profiles of consumption and cross-sectional variance in the Great Recession. The study examines age profiles for total and durable expenditure, and four subcomponents of non-durable expenditure. We document significant heterogeneity in the way the recession affects consumption and the variance within-cohorts. The crisis has entailed a fall in expenditure for the youngest cohorts, and a notable reduction of inequalities for the middle and oldest cohorts with some differences between high and low income elastic expenditure. We also found that socio-demographic factors account for a substan…
On the distribution of education and democracy
2006
This paper empirically analyzes the influence of the distribution of education on democracy by controlling for unobservable heterogeneity and by taking into account the persistency of some of the variables. The most novel finding is that increase in the education attained by the majority of the population is what matters for the implementation and sustainability of democracy, rather than the average years of schooling. We show this result is robust to issues pertaining omitted variables, outliers, sample selection, or a narrow definition of the variables used to measure democracy.
Unequal access to food during the nutritional transition: evidence from Mediterranean Spain †
2020
Unequal access to food is one of the main issues in nutritional history, but scarcity of sources has hampered the quantification of this phenomenon. This study uses hospital diets to address this gap. It uses records from between 1852 and 1923 concerning hospital diets in the psychiatric section of the Hospital General de Valencia (Spain), from which it is possible to infer the actual intake of nutrients for six groups of patients and members of staff. The results reveal considerable differences in terms of diet and nutrition. While the most favoured groups (nuns and well‐off patients) had by 1852 reduced their relative intake of cereals and increased that of meat, in line with the general …
Actualité et nouveaux développements de la question de la reproduction des inégalités sociales par l'école
2003
In France since the seventies, as in most industrialized countries, the sociology of education has ammassed a certain amount of resultts concerning the processes that constantly create social inequalities in school. This paper presents an overall picture of the main most reliable results in this field. Firstly, we have discussed the individual mechanisms, followed by the contextual mechanisms involved in creating social inequalities, in France today. While the former actually limit possible action on the part of the school, the latter underline, on the contrary, the school's scope for action in this field.
Organisation and Context, Efficiency and Equity of Educational Systems: what PISA tells us
2005
05065http://www.wwwords.co.uk/eerj/; International audience; After describing both average scores, dispersion, and social inequalities in achievement in the various countries included in the latest Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study, this article relates those ‘products' to country economic and cultural characteristics. It then explores relations between student scores and a number of institutional characteristics of countries' educational systems. Results show that relations exist between average scores and certain institutional or pedagogical practices such as grade repeating or tracking. A high degree of social inequality in achievement proves to be associated wi…
Children of migrants in French and Norwegian schools. A comparative analysis of educational attainment of second-generation students and reflections …
2021
International audience
L'école des filles : Quelle formation pour quels rôles sociaux ? Nouvelle édition revue et actualisée
2004
04071; Si filles et garçons font des scolarités différentes, n'est-ce pas, in fine parce qu'ils sont différents ? Pourtant, les recherches accumulées sur ces questions depuis trente ans convainquent de ce qu'on fait face, non pas à de simples différences, mais bien à de véritables inégalités. Certes des évolutions prennent place, notamment dans la société, qui se répercutent dans l'école. Il fallait donc actualiser "L'école des filles" paru en 1990, et présenter à la fois un bilan actuel de ces inégalités indissociablement scolaires et sociales, et dessiner les tendances qui augurent des évolutions à venir.
Les inégalités sociales à l'école : Genèse et mythes
2002
02057; Les inégalités sociales à l'école sont un sujet récurrent dans les débats, dans les politiques éducatives, tout en étant perçues en France avec un certain fatalisme : tout est joué avant 6 ans, l'école est impuissante face aux déterminismes familiaux, la réussite scolaire est biaisée par les inégalités sociales... Pour autant les diplômes ne sont guère contestés et la méritocratie ou l'élitisme républicain constitue une idéologie respectée et consensuelle. Ce livre démonte les rouages des inégalités sociales face à l'école et en son sein, rectifie quelques idées reçues, s'interroge sur certains mythes. En dégageant les processus qui engendrent et reproduisent les inégalités sociales …
Inégalités sociales à l'école et idéologie méritocratique
2003
L'auteur s'attache ici a decrire dans un premier temps l'accumulation progressive des inegalites sociales de reussite, amplifiees ensuite par des inegalites de choix et de strategies scolaires, avant d'aborder dans une seconde partie la question du role de l'ecole, en soulignant en particulier ce qui se joue au niveau des etablissements. Elle se propose de revenir dans la conclusion sur la question de la participation de l'ecole a l'ideologie meritocratique.