Search results for "FILMS"

showing 10 items of 2839 documents

A surface EXAFS study of thin nickel deposits on (110) TiO2 surfaces

1997

Abstract The first stages of nickel deposition on a clean (110) TiO 2 surface were studied using surface extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Experiments were performed on two kinds of nickel deposits, one of 0.8 equivalent monolayers and another of 1.6 equivalent monolayers. Depositions were performed on well characterized TiO 2 (110)-p(1 × 1) surfaces. The correlation of Auger experiments with EXAFS results showed that no islands were present on the surface; only two-dimensional growth of nickel was observed. Moreover, it was shown, in the case of the thinner deposit, that a model with nickel atoms forming chains in the channels determined by oxygen atoms on the surface is co…

inorganic chemicalsSurface (mathematics)Extended X-ray absorption fine structureChemistryMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistryNickel depositionchemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAugerCrystallographyNickelOxygen atomMonolayerMaterials ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)Thin Solid Films
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Determination of the Absolute Density of Fe3+ and Ni2+ Ions in Langmuir-Blodgett Films

1996

By means of the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) technique, mono- and multilayers of Ni2+ and Fe3+ containing fatty acid salts are transferred onto silicon wafers. After thermal treatment, oxidic layers can be produced. The absolute amounts of Fe3+ and Ni2+ ions per monolayer of LB film were measured and calculated by three different methods. In the case of nickel, the amount expected from theory and preparation conditions was obtained experimentally. In contrast, about twice the number of Fe3+ ions as expected is transferred. An explanation can be given by the presence of hydroxide groups bound to iron. The mean film thickness of the oxidic layers after thermal treatment was estimated where the thic…

inorganic chemicalsX-rayAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryThermal treatmentCondensed Matter PhysicsLangmuir–Blodgett filmSurfaces Coatings and FilmsIonchemistry.chemical_compoundNickelchemistryMonolayerMaterials ChemistryHydroxideStearic acidSurface and Interface Analysis
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ORR Activity and Stability of Co-N/C Catalysts Based on Silicon Carbide Derived Carbon and the Impact of Loading in Acidic Media

2018

This work was supported by the EU through the European Regional Development Fund under projects TK141 “Advanced materials and high-technology devices for energy recuperation systems” (2014-2020.4.01.15-0011), NAMUR ”Nanomaterials - research and applications” (3.2.0304.12-0397) and by the Estonian institutional research grant No. IUT20-13.

inorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryElectrochemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCatalysisElectron transferchemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Materials ChemistryElectrochemistrySilicon carbideheterocyclic compoundsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryorganic chemicals021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsNitrogen0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsChemical engineeringDegradation (geology)0210 nano-technologyCarbonJournal of The Electrochemical Society
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Dimensional encapsulation of I− I 2 I− in an organic salt crystal matrix

2010

Bis(trimethylammonium)hexane diiodide encapsulates iodine from solution and through a gas/solid reaction yielding in a predictable and controllable manner the selective formation of the rare polyiodide species I(-)...I-I...I(-), which matches in length to the chosen dication.

inorganic chemicalseducationInorganic chemistryMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistrySolid reactionIodinebehavioral disciplines and activitieshumanitiesCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDicationHexanePolyiodidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositeshealth care economics and organizations
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Structural Characterization of Surfactant-Coated Bimetallic Cobalt/Nickel Nanoclusters by XPS, EXAFS, WAXS, and SAXS

2011

Cobalt nickel bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized by changing the sequence of the chemical reduction of Co(II) and Ni(II) ions confined in the core of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (2)., and Ni(DEHP)(2). The reduction was carried out by mixing, sequentially or contemporaneously, fixed amounts of n-heptane solution of Co(DEHP)2 and Ni(DEHP)2 micelles with a solution of sodium borohydride in ethanol at a fixed (reductant)/(total metal) molar ratio. This procedure involves the rapid formation of surfactant-coated nanoparticles, indicated as Co/Ni (Co after Ni), Ni/Co (Ni after Co), and Co + Ni (simultaneous), followed by their slow separation as nanostructures embedded in a sodium bis(2-eth…

inorganic chemicalsendocrine systemMaterials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticleNanoclustersMetalSodium borohydridechemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyNANOPARTICLESPARTICLESBimetallic Cobalt/Nickel Nanoclusters. XPS. EXAFS. WAXS. SAXS.GOLDPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBimetallic stripMICELLESSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyNickelGeneral Energychemistryvisual_artNANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES; GOLD; MICELLESvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCobaltNuclear chemistry
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Diastereomeric control of enantioselectivity: evidence for metal cluster catalysis

2014

Enantioselective hydrogenation of tiglic acid effected by diastereomers of the general formula [(μ-H)2Ru3(μ3-S)(CO)7(μ-P–P*)] (P–P* = chiral Walphos diphosphine ligand) strongly supports catalysis by intact Ru3 clusters. A catalytic mechanism involving Ru3 clusters has been established by DFT calculations. peerReviewed

intactLigandStereochemistryMetals and AlloysEnantioselective synthesisDiastereomerTiglic acidGeneral Chemistryhydrogenation catalysisCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCatalysisMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryvisual_artMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCluster (physics)triruthenium clustersta116Chemical Communications
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Results on performance and ageing of solar modules based on Elkem Solar Silicon (ESS™) from installations at various locations

2014

Abstract The present study aims to present the current status of the results obtained using Elkem Solar Silicon (ESS™) as feedstock basis for solar cell and modules. It is shown that solar cells based on ESS™ are able to follow the development of the solar industry obtaining comparable efficiencies to standard polysilicon based cells. The characteristics of ESS™ based solar cells, having normally higher V oc and FF and lower I sc , seem to give clear advantages in the field for solar modules located at high irradiance areas. Results from several locations show enhanced electricity production of ESS™ based solar modules compared to polysilicon at increasing solar irradiance. This is explaine…

integumentary systemSiliconRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryHigh irradiancefood and beverageschemistry.chemical_elementSolar irradianceEngineering physicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionPhotovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectorElectricity generationSolar cell efficiencyOpticschemistrySolar industrylawbiological sciencesSolar cellEnvironmental sciencebusinessSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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Distribution and generation of traps in SiO2/Al2O3 gate stacks

2007

In this work we combine charge-pumping measurements with positive constant voltage stress to investigate trap generation in SiO2/ Al2O3 n-MOSFET. Trap density has been scanned either in energy or in position based on charge-pumping (CP) measurements performed under different operating conditions in terms of amplitude and frequency of the gate pulse. Our results have revealed that the traps are meanly localized shallow in energy level, deeper in spatial position and they are mostly generated near the Si/SiO2 interface. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

interface trapsWork (thermodynamics)Materials sciencecharge pumping (CP)Settore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaTrap (computing)Stress (mechanics)Position (vector)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSafety Risk Reliability and QualityBulk trapsbusiness.industryElectrical engineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulse (physics)AmplitudeDistribution (mathematics)Control and Systems Engineeringenergy distributionAtomic physicsbusinesshigh-k dielectricsEnergy (signal processing)
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Gas-Phase Hydrogenation of Propionitrile Catalyzed by LnCu2 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd)

2007

The hydrogenation of propionitrile over binary copper−lanthanide intermetallic compounds (LnCu2, Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd) was studied in the gas phase. The results show that the reaction main product is the primary amine, the n-propylamine. To our knowledge, it is the first time that such behavior is reported for copper catalysts.

intermetallicInorganic chemistryKineticsIntermetallicchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencescatalystsGas phaseCatalysischemistry.chemical_compound[ CHIM.CATA ] Chemical Sciences/Catalysislanthanum-copperPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSChemistrypropionitrile[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCopper0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral EnergykineticsPhysical chemistryAmine gas treatingPropionitrilegas phasehydrogenation0210 nano-technology
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Suitable for Western Audiences: UNESCO and the Self-fulfilling Prophecy of Cinematic Cultural Diplomacy

2020

Through a reading of cinematic cultural diplomacy in the post-World War II UNESCO context, this study focuses on the potential cinema holds for speaking to the politics of difference. Traditionally seen as problematic and conflictual, this study suggests that for UNESCO, difference is not the source of war and conflict, but of peace. It provides an analysis of Orient: A Survey of Films Produced in Countries of Arab and Asian Culture, a 1959 film catalogue published by UNESCO and the British Film Institute with the aim to “stimulate the presentation of films which might give audiences in the West a fuller and more informed idea of the ways of life of Eastern peoples”. This study treats the c…

international relationskansainväliset suhteetdiplomatiainternational organisationskulttuuridiplomatiaelokuvatpolitics of differenceglobal governanceintertextualitydiplomacyUNESCOkansainväliset järjestötglobaali hallintaintertekstuaalisuusfilmscultural diplomacyerontekemisen politiikka
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