Search results for "FLE"

showing 10 items of 3517 documents

Economical device for measuring thickness of a thin polymer film

1994

An inexpensive device (about $2K) for thickness measurements of thin (<1 μm) polymer films has been constructed. The homogeneous film is placed on a bulk substrate and three semiconductor lasers of different wavelengths are used to measure the reflectances at normal incidence. The thickness can be deduced with typically 4–8 nm uncertainty.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPolymerSubstrate (electronics)Semiconductor laser theoryOptical reflectionWavelengthCarbon filmchemistryHomogeneousOptoelectronicsThin filmbusinessInstrumentationReview of Scientific Instruments
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Carbon fibre composite materials produced by gamma radiation induced curing of epoxy resins

2008

It is well known that ionizing radiation can initiate polymerization of suitable monomers for many applications. In this work an epoxy dlfunctional monomer has been used as matrix of a carbon fibre composite in order to produce materials through gamma radiation, for aerospace and advanced automotive applications. Radiation curing has been performed at different absorbed doses and, as comparison, also thermal curing of the same monomer formulations has been done. Furthermore some Irradiated samples have been also subjected to a post Irradiation thermal curing in order to complete the polymerization reactions. The properties of the cured materials have been studied by moisture absorption isot…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceionising radiationPolymerEpoxychemistry.chemical_compoundPhysics and Astronomy (all)MonomerchemistryPolymerizationFlexural strengthvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumIrradiationComposite materialThermal analysisepoxy resins moisture absorptionCuring (chemistry)polymerisation
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Contribution of Protein Flexibility to the Foaming Properties of Casein

1990

The effect of biopolymer flexibility on the foaming properties of casein was investigated. Flexibility was altered by: (1) chemical modification (covalent binding of a monosaccharide on the lysyl residues) or (2) pH change. Electron Spin Resonance was used to measure the reorientational frequency of casein residues labeled with nitroxide radicals. High levels of glycosylation induced increased protein flexibility and improved the foaming capacity. Good agreement was observed between higher values of flexibility and improved surface properties near the isoelectric point.

chemistry.chemical_classificationNitroxide mediated radical polymerizationGlycosylationFlexibility (anatomy)Chemical modificationengineering.materialchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structureIsoelectric pointChemical engineeringchemistryCaseinengineeringmedicineOrganic chemistryMonosaccharideBiopolymerFood ScienceJournal of Food Science
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Influence of polymer flexibility on nanoparticle dynamics in semidilute solutions

2018

The hierarchical structure and dynamics of polymer solutions control the transport of nanoparticles (NPs) through them. Here, we perform multi-particle collision dynamics simulations of solutions of semiflexible polymer chains with tunable persistence length lp to investigate the effect of chain stiffness on NP transport. The NPs exhibit two distinct dynamical regimes - subdiffusion on short time scales and diffusion on long time scales. The long-time NP diffusivities are compared with predictions from the Stokes-Einstein relation (SER), mode-coupling theory (MCT), and a recent polymer coupling theory (PCT). Increasing deviations from the SER as the polymer chains become more rigid (i.e. as…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPersistence lengthCouplingQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesFlexibility (anatomy)Materials scienceDiffusionStiffnessNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryVolume viscosityPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Mattermedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryChemical physicsmedicinemedicine.symptom0210 nano-technologySoft Matter
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Evaluation of mucoadhesive properties of α,β-poly(N-hydroxyethyl)-dl-aspartamide and α,β-poly(aspartylhydrazide) using ATR–FTIR spectroscopy

2002

Abstract The mucoadhesive properties of α,β poly( N -hydroxyethyl)- dl -aspartamide (PHEA) and α,β-polyaspartylhydrazide (PAHy) have been investigated using attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR–FTIR) spectroscopy. In particular, films based on these polymers have been contacted with a mucin solution at pH 7 and, the interfacial interaction and interpenetration between the glycoprotein and PHEA or PAHy have been studied by analysing the ATR–FTIR spectra. A diffusion model using a solution of Ficks' second law has been employed to determine the diffusion coefficient of water into polymeric films as a consequence of interdiffusion which occurs at the polymer film/mucin solution interface.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticschemistryAttenuated total reflectionOrganic ChemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryAtr ftir spectroscopyPolymerSpectroscopyPolymer
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Elastic properties of polymer interfaces: Aggregation of pure diblock, mixed diblock, and triblock copolymers

2002

Block copolymers adsorbing to an interface between two immiscible homopolymers modify the elastic constants of this interface. Within self-consistent field calculations for Gaussian chains, we determine how the bending constants vary in dependence on the block copolymer concentration and architecture. Four phenomena are discussed. (i) When a tricritical or isotropic Lifshitz critical point is approached in a ternary mixture by varying the concentration of diblock copolymers or changing temperature, the elastic constants vanish. We determine the corresponding power laws, and show that the de Gennes--Taupin criterium for the stability of lamellar phases against undulations and the Ginzburg-La…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceIsotropyThermodynamicsFlexural rigidityBendingPolymerJCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryCritical point (thermodynamics)Copolymerddc:530Lamellar structureTernary operationPhysical Review E
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Microstructure of a Discotic Polymer as Revealed by Electron Diffraction and High-Resolution Imaging

1989

chemistry.chemical_classificationReflection high-energy electron diffractionMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistryGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryPolymerMicrostructureCatalysisCrystallographychemistryElectron diffractionHigh resolution imagingElectron backscatter diffractionAngewandte Chemie International Edition in English
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ChemInform Abstract: In situ DRIFT Spectroscopic Investigation on the Chemical Evolution of Zinc Phosphate Acid-Base Cement.

2010

Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy has been used to follow the chemical evolution of zinc phosphate acid−base cement (ZPC), which has been prepared from unmodified, as well as from aluminum- and zinc-modified orthophosphoric acid. For the first time, amorphous dizinc cyclotetraphosphate octahydrate, Zn2P4O12·8H2O, although hydrolytically instable, has been observed as precursor phase prior to crystallization of α-hopeite, α-Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O, in both systems. Within minutes from onset of mixing the infrared spectrum of unmodified ZPC is dominated by the characteristic vibrations of α-hopeite, due to matrix crystallization. Setting of modified ZPC is strongly af…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSteric effectsDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformBase (chemistry)ChemistryInorganic chemistryZinc phosphateGeneral Medicinelaw.inventionAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundlawPhase (matter)CrystallizationSpectroscopyChemInform
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Experimental organic matter maturation at 2kbar: Heat-up effect to low temperatures on vitrinite reflectance

2012

Abstract An experimental study was performed to evaluate the effect of heat-up to various low temperatures on vitrinite reflectance ( VR ) at 2 kbar employing the same previously used heat-up procedures, starting material and apparatus. Heat-up is the isobaric experimental procedure consisting of the increase in temperature of the laboratory vitrinite maturation from room temperature to the desired run temperature T end of heat-up at which the isobaric-isothermal maturation starts. Experiments employed cold-seal pressure vessels with classical heat-up devices and were carried out on wet (water added) xylite of swamp cypress. Confined system maturation experiments were conducted at 2 kbar an…

chemistry.chemical_classificationVitrinite reflectance020209 energyStratigraphyKinetic analysisThermodynamicsMineralogyGeology02 engineering and technologyRate equation010502 geochemistry & geophysicsKinetic energy01 natural sciencesIsothermal processFuel Technologychemistry0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringIsobaric processEconomic GeologyOrganic matterVitrinite0105 earth and related environmental sciencesInternational Journal of Coal Geology
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Triterpene saponins from Schefflera abyssinica

2006

chemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundHederageninbiologyTriterpenechemistryTraditional medicineAraliaceaebiology.organism_classificationBiochemistryOleanolic acidEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsScheffleraBiochemical Systematics and Ecology
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