Search results for "Fiber"

showing 10 items of 2343 documents

Contact and contactless diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: potential for recovery monitoring of vascular lesions after intense pulsed light treatment.

2011

Optical fiber contact probe diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and remote multispectral imaging methods in the spectral range of 400 to 1100 nm were used for skin vascular malformation assessment and recovery tracing after treatment by intense pulsed light. The results confirmed that oxy-hemoglobin relative changes and the optical density difference between lesion and healthy skin in the spectral region 500 to 600 nm may be successfully used for objective appraisal of the therapy effect. Color redness parameter a* = 2 is suggested as a diagnostic border to distinguish healthy skin and vascular lesions, and as the indicator of phototreatment efficiency. Valuable diagnostic information on large…

Diagnostic informationOptical fiberMaterials scienceDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformmedicine.medical_treatmentMultispectral imagePort-Wine StainBiomedical EngineeringColorIntense pulsed lightlaw.inventionBiomaterialsLesionDiffusionOpticslawmedicineHumansTelangiectasisSkinbusiness.industrySpectrum AnalysisVascular malformationNear-infrared spectroscopyPhototherapymedicine.diseaseAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTreatment Outcomemedicine.symptombusinessHemangiomaBiomedical engineeringJournal of biomedical optics
researchProduct

A study on oral rehydration therapy of diarrheal disease in Western Sicily

1987

A longitudinal study to ascertain the most common therapeutic approach to diarrheal disease by general practitioners and pediatricians was carried out in Western Sicily. Data obtained showed that of 902 home-managed cases of diarrhea observed by 58 physicians during one year, 65.3% were treated with antibiotics, 8.0% with antimotility agents and 26.7% were not treated with any pharmacological agent (rehydration or diet). Although oral rehydration therapy was widely known by physicians in Western Sicily, only a few of them were willing to use it routinely as the principal and exclusive treatment.

DiarrheaDietary Fibermedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsEpidemiologymedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentAntibioticsTherapeutic approachEpidemiologymedicineHumansLongitudinal StudiesOral rehydration therapyAntidiarrhealsChildSicilybusiness.industryPublic healthInfant NewbornInfantAnti-Bacterial AgentsDiarrheaAntidiarrhealsChild PreschoolDiarrhea InfantileFluid Therapymedicine.symptomDiarrheal diseasebusinessEuropean Journal of Epidemiology
researchProduct

Dietary fiber and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

2018

Background Several studies have suggested that higher consumption of dietary fiber is beneficial for a variety of health outcomes. However, many results have been inconclusive and, to our knowledge, there has been no attempt to systematically capture the breadth of outcomes associated with dietary fiber intake or to systematically assess the quality and the strength of the evidence on the associations of dietary fiber intake and different health outcomes or medical conditions. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the diverse health outcomes convincingly associated with dietary fiber consumption. Design This was an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis of observ…

Dietary Fiber0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyEvidence-based practiceDatabases FactualMedicine (miscellaneous)systemati reviewType 2 diabetesfiberscancer; cardiovascular disease; fibers; meta-analysis systemati review; Medicine (miscellaneous); Nutrition and DieteticsCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMeta-Analysis as Topiccardiovascular diseaseInternal medicinemedicinecancerHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicInflammation030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryIncidencemedicine.diseaseDietmeta-analysisObservational Studies as TopicTreatment OutcomeSystematic reviewDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Cardiovascular Diseasescancer cardiovascular disease fibers meta-analysis systemati reviewMeta-analysisObservational Studies as TopicObservational studybusinessSystematic Reviews as TopicThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
researchProduct

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Polyphenols Contained in Mediterranean Diet in Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms

2021

Nutrition transition can be defined as shifts in food habits, and it is characterized by high-fat (chiefly saturated animal fat), hypercaloric and salty food consumption at the expense of dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins. Western dietary patterns serve as a model for studying the impact of nutrition transition on civilization diseases, such as obesity, which is commonly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In fact, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction can be associated with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation in obesity. NF-κB regulates gene expression of several oxidant-responsive adipokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Moreover, AMP-act…

Dietary FiberAMPKobesityAntioxidantMediterranean dietmedicine.medical_treatmentAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmaceutical Science030209 endocrinology & metabolismIκB kinaseReviewPharmacologyDiet Mediterraneanmedicine.disease_causeAntioxidantsEnergy homeostasisNF-κBAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-44103 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineNutraceuticallcsh:Organic chemistryDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansoxidative stressMedDietPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrypolyphenols030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesChemistryOrganic ChemistryNF-kappa BAMPKfood and beveragesResveratrolChemistry (miscellaneous)inflammationMolecular MedicineHydroxytyrosolOxidative stressMolecules
researchProduct

Advanced strategy to exploit wine-making waste by manufacturing antioxidant and prebiotic fibre-enriched vesicles for intestinal health.

2020

Grape extract-loaded fibre-enriched vesicles, nutriosomes, were prepared by combining antioxidant extracts obtained from grape pomaces and a prebiotic, soluble fibre (Nutriose®FM06). The nutriosomes were small in size (from ∼140 to 260 nm), homogeneous (polydispersity index < 0.2) and highly negative (∼ −79 mV). The vesicles were highly stable during 12 months of storage at 25 °C. When diluted with warmed (37 °C) acidic medium (pH 1.2) of high ionic strength, the vesicles only displayed an increase of the mean diameter and a low release of the extract, which were dependent on Nutriose concentration. The formulations were highly biocompatible and able to protect intestinal cells (Caco-2) fro…

Dietary FiberAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentWine02 engineering and technologyGut flora01 natural sciencesAntioxidantsMiceColloid and Surface ChemistryPhospholipid vesiclesFood scienceMice Inbred BALB CSoluble fibre010304 chemical physicsbiologyChemistryVesiclefood and beveragesSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGrape pomaceIntestinal cellsIntestinesHomogeneousFemale0210 nano-technologyBiotechnologyPhospholipid vesiclesCell SurvivalSurface PropertiesGut microbiotaIn vivo studiesAntioxidant activity0103 physical sciencesmedicineAnimalsHumansPrebiotic activityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryParticle SizeWineWaste ProductsPrebioticfungibiology.organism_classificationGastrointestinal MicrobiomeOxidative StressPrebioticsNutriosomesCaco-2 CellsColloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
researchProduct

Functional implications of bound phenolic compounds and phenolics–food interaction: A review

2022

Sizeable scientific evidence indicates the health benefits related to phenolic compounds and dietary fiber. Various phenolic compounds-rich foods or ingredients are also rich in dietary fiber, and these two health components may interrelate via noncovalent (reversible) and covalent (mostly irreversible) interactions. Notwithstanding, these interactions are responsible for the carrier effect ascribed to fiber toward the digestive systemand canmodulate the bioaccessibility of phenolics, thus shaping health-promoting effects in vivo. On this basis, the present review focuses on the nature, occurrence, and implications of the interactions between phenolics and food components. Covalent and nonc…

Dietary FiberFood Handlingbound phenolicsAliments AnàlisibioaccessibilityGastrointestinal MicrobiomeAlimentacióBioaccessibility Bound phenolics Gut Microbial transformations MicrobiotaPhenolsmicrobial transformationsSettore AGR/13 - CHIMICA AGRARIASettore AGR/16 - MICROBIOLOGIA AGRARIAmicrobiotagutFood Science
researchProduct

Vegetable and Fruit Intakes Are Associated with hs-CRP Levels in Pre-Pubertal Girls

2017

The influence of diet on inflammation in children remains unclear. We aimed to analyze the influence of diet on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in a pre-pubertal population free of other influences that may affect hs-CRP levels. We determined hs-CRP levels in 571 six- to eight-year-old children using an hs-CRP ELISA kit. Information on food and nutrient intake was obtained through a food-frequency questionnaire. Overall dietary quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). We found that girls in the highest tertile of hs-CRP levels had a higher intake of saturated fatty acid, and lower intakes of fiber and vitamin E and a lower HEI score when compared to tho…

Dietary FiberMale0301 basic medicineCross-sectional studymedicine.medical_treatmentAdolescentsBody Mass Indexchemistry.chemical_compoundhs-CRP levelsSurveys and QuestionnairesVegetablesVitamin EMedicinepre-pubertal childrenFood scienceChildVitamin Ahs-CRP levels; pre-pubertal children; fibre intake; vegetable intake; fruit intake; antioxidantseducation.field_of_studyNutrition and DieteticsbiologyFatty Acidsfibre intakeC-Reactive ProteinantioxidantsSaturated fatty acidFemaleDietalcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyVitaminPopulationlcsh:TX341-641Article03 medical and health sciencesfruit intakeFood Qualityvegetable intakeHumanseducationInflammation030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industryVitamin EPubertyC-reactive proteinDietCross-Sectional StudiesSocioeconomic FactorschemistryFruitbiology.proteinbusinessFood qualityBody mass indexFood ScienceNutrients
researchProduct

Adipokines and Endotoxemia Correlate with Hepatic Steatosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

2020

(1) Background: The etiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is multifactorial. Dietary composition has been implicated as a factor modulating intestinal barrier and could affect disease severity. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary intake and markers of intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD. (2) Methods: We enrolled 63 patients with NAFLD and compared them to age-matched controls. (3) Results: body mass index (BMI) and leptin to adiponectin ratio&mdash

Dietary FiberMale0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAdipokinelcsh:TX341-641GastroenterologyArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAdipokinesRisk FactorsInternal medicineHumansMedicinehepatic fibrosisNutrition and DieteticsIntestinal permeabilityAdiponectinbusiness.industryLeptinFatty livernon-alcoholic fatty liver diseasedietary fiber consumptionnutritional and metabolic diseasesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseEndotoxemiadigestive system diseasesDietFatty Liver030104 developmental biologyCase-Control StudiesFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyDisease Susceptibilitybacterial endotoxinInflammation MediatorsSteatosisbusinessHepatic fibrosislcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyBody mass indexBiomarkersFood ScienceNutrients
researchProduct

Association between dietary fibre intake and fruit, vegetable or whole-grain consumption and the risk of CVD: results from the PREvención con DIeta M…

2016

Prospective studies assessing the association between fibre intake or fibre-rich food consumption and the risk of CVD have often been limited by baseline assessment of diet. Thus far, no study has used yearly repeated measurements of dietary changes during follow-up. Moreover, previous studies included healthy and selected participants who did not represent subjects at high cardiovascular risk. We used yearly repeated measurements of diet to investigate the association between fibre intake and CVD in a Mediterranean cohort of elderly adults at high cardiovascular risk. We followed-up 7216 men (55-80 years) and women (60-80 years) initially free of CVD for up to 7 years in the PREvención con…

Dietary FiberMale0301 basic medicineprimary preventionMedicine (miscellaneous)Hazard ratiosType 2 diabetesfruitsHR hazard ratiosMI myocardial infarction0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsVegetablesClinical endpointMedicineProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyStrokeFruit consumptionAged 80 and overWhole GrainsNutrition and Dietetics:Ciencias de la Salud::Salud pública [Materias Investigacion]Primary preventionMediterranean RegionIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Hazard ratiodietary fibreDietary fibreType 2 diabetesMiddle AgedCVDFC fruit consumptionT2D type 2 diabetesCardiovascular DiseasesInfart de miocardi -- Factors de riscCohortFemaleDF dietary fibrevegetablesPREDIMED PREvención con DIeta MEDiterráneaDiet Surveys03 medical and health sciencesStatistical significanceEnvironmental healthHumansDieta -- Mediterrània Regió de laAgedProportional Hazards Models030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industryFeeding Behaviormedicine.diseaseDietMyocardial infarctionFruitbusiness
researchProduct

Nutrients associated with diseases related to aging: a new healthy aging diet index for elderly population

2018

espanolIntroduccion: suelen usarse diversos indices dieteticos para medir la calidad de la nutricion en edades avanzadas. Sin embargo, ninguno de ellos fue disenado para evaluar la nutricion con el objetivo de evitar discapacidades en la poblacion anciana. Objetivos: identificar en la literatura cientifica los “nutrientes e ingestas” involucrados en el envejecimiento, asi como proponer un nuevo indice, considerando esta informacion, que sirva para evaluar la calidad de la nutricion con objeto de prevenir enfermedades relacionadas con el envejecimiento. Metodos: se realizo una revision bibliografica, obteniendo informacion sobre los nutrientes asociados con el envejecimiento. Todos estos nut…

Dietary FiberMaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyMEDLINEMedicine (miscellaneous)030209 endocrinology & metabolismHealthy AgingNutritional requirements03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEnvelliment -- MalaltiesElderly populationHumansMedicineHealthy agingNutricióAgedGynecologyMineralsNutrition indexesNutrition and DieteticsDietary habitsbusiness.industryVitaminsNutrientsDietary FatsDietCross-Sectional StudiesHealthy agingFunctionally-impaired elderlyDietaFemalePreventive MedicineDiet HealthyNutrition assessmentbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNutrición Hospitalaria
researchProduct