Search results for "GLUCAGON-LIKE"

showing 10 items of 110 documents

Glucagon-like peptide-1 modulates neurally evoked mucosal chloride secretion in guinea pig small intestine in vitro

2011

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) acts at the G protein-coupled receptor, GLP-1R, to stimulate secretion of insulin and to inhibit secretion of glucagon and gastric acid. Involvement in mucosal secretory physiology has received negligible attention. We aimed to study involvement of GLP-1 in mucosal chloride secretion in the small intestine. Ussing chamber methods, in concert with transmural electrical field stimulation (EFS), were used to study actions on neurogenic chloride secretion. ELISA was used to study GLP-1R effects on neural release of acetylcholine (ACh). Intramural localization of GLP-1R was assessed with immunohistochemistry. Application of GLP-1 to serosal or mucosal sides of fla…

MaleCytoplasmendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyReceptors Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Type IPhysiologyGuinea PigsScopolamineVasoactive intestinal peptideHormones and SignalingIleumIn Vitro TechniquesHexamethoniumGlucagonGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorCholine O-AcetyltransferaseGuinea pigChloridesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1IleumPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineIntestine SmallReceptors GlucagonmedicineAnimalsNeuropeptide YSecretionIntestinal MucosaNeuronsHepatologyChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyElectric ConductivityGastroenterologyAcetylcholineElectric StimulationPeptide FragmentsSmall intestineElectrophysiological PhenomenaEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureSomatostatinELAV ProteinsGastric acidCarbacholSomatostatinhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsVasoactive Intestinal PeptideAmerican Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
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Lixisenatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome

2015

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are higher among patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly those with concomitant cardiovascular diseases, than in most other populations. We assessed the effects of lixisenatide, a glucagon-like peptide 1-receptor agonist, on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes who had had a recent acute coronary event.METHODS: We randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes who had had a myocardial infarction or who had been hospitalized for unstable angina within the previous 180 days to receive lixisenatide or placebo in addition to locally determined standards of care. The trial was designed with adequate statistical power to …

MaleMyocardial InfarctionKaplan-Meier Estimate2700 General MedicineType 2 diabetesAnginachemistry.chemical_compoundTreatment FailureMyocardial infarctionResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tHemoglobin AGeneral MedicineAnginaMiddle AgedMulticenter StudyCardiovascular DiseasesRandomized Controlled TrialCardiologyFemalelixisenatideType 2medicine.medical_specialtyAcute coronary syndromeGlycosylated610 Medicine & healthUnstableGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor11171 Cardiocentro TicinoLixisenatideAcute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Angina Unstable; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Female; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; Hemoglobin A Glycosylated; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Peptides; Proportional Hazards Models; Treatment FailureInternal medicineJournal ArticleDiabetes MellitusmedicineHumansHypoglycemic AgentsAngina UnstableAcute Coronary SyndromeAgedProportional Hazards ModelsHemoglobin A GlycosylatedUnstable anginabusiness.industrySemaglutideta3121medicine.diseaseDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryMyocardial infarction complicationsPeptidesbusinessNew England Journal of Medicine
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Liraglutide and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes.

2017

BACKGROUND: In a randomized, controlled trial that compared liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue, with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk who were receiving usual care, we found that liraglutide resulted in lower risks of the primary end point (nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes) and death. However, the long-term effects of liraglutide on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes are unknown. METHODS: We report the prespecified secondary renal outcomes of that randomized, controlled trial in which patients were assigned to receive liraglutide or placebo. The secondary renal outcome was a co…

MaleSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAcute Kidney Injury; Aged; Albuminuria; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Intention to Treat Analysis; Kidney Failure Chronic; Liraglutide; Male; Middle AgedType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyurologic and male genital diseasesGLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATEKIDNEY-FUNCTIONDISEASElaw.inventionKidney Failurechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialGlucagon-Like Peptide 1lawMedicineDiabetic NephropathiesHypoglycemic Agents.Settore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateChronicRISKKidneyAcute kidney injury11 Medical And Health SciencesGeneral MedicineAcute Kidney InjuryMiddle AgedIntention to Treat Analysismedicine.anatomical_structureCreatinineTRIALFemaleliraglutide randomized controlled trial type 2 diabetes renal outcomesLife Sciences & BiomedicineType 2Glomerular Filtration Ratemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyRenal function030209 endocrinology & metabolismCARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMESFollow-Up Studie03 medical and health sciencesMedicine General & InternalDouble-Blind MethodGeneral & Internal MedicineDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineDiabetes MellitusAlbuminuriaHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIntensive care medicineAgedCreatinineScience & Technologybusiness.industryLiraglutideMORTALITYLiraglutidemedicine.diseaseINTENSIVE GLUCOSE CONTROLINDIVIDUALSDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryDiabetic NephropathieKidney Failure ChronicLEADER Steering Committee and InvestigatorsbusinessFollow-Up Studies
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Oral Semaglutide Versus Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled on Metformin: The PIONEER 2 Trial

2019

OBJECTIVE Efficacy and safety of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog oral semaglutide and the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin were compared in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients were randomized to once-daily open-label treatment with oral semaglutide 14 mg (n = 412) or empagliflozin 25 mg (n = 410) in a 52-week trial. Key end points were change from baseline to week 26 in HbA1c (primary) and body weight (confirmatory secondary). Two estimands addressed efficacy-related questions: treatment policy (regardless of trial product discontinuation or rescue medication) and trial product (on trial product with…

MaleSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismGlucagon-Like PeptidesAdministration OralType 2 diabeteslaw.inventionSettore MED/13 - Endocrinologia0302 clinical medicineGlucosidesRandomized controlled triallaw030212 general & internal medicineSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateBenzhydryl CompoundMiddle AgedMetforminMetforminTreatment Outcomediabetes mellitusDrug Therapy CombinationFemalemedicine.drugHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGlucagon-Like PeptideGlucosideUrology030209 endocrinology & metabolism03 medical and health sciencesPharmacotherapyDouble-Blind MethodWeight Loss.Diabetes mellitusWeight LossInternal MedicinemedicineEmpagliflozinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsBenzhydryl CompoundsGlycated HemoglobinAdvanced and Specialized NursingHypoglycemic Agentbusiness.industrySemaglutidemedicine.diseaseDiscontinuationDiabetes Mellitus Type 2business
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Glucagon-like peptide-2 modulates neurally evoked mucosal chloride secretion in guinea pig small intestine in vitro

2009

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an important neuroendocrine peptide in intestinal physiology. It influences digestion, absorption, epithelial growth, motility, and blood flow. We studied involvement of GLP-2 in intestinal mucosal secretory behavior. Submucosal-mucosal preparations from guinea pig ileum were mounted in Ussing chambers for measurement of short-circuit current ( Isc) as a surrogate for chloride secretion. GLP-2 action on neuronal release of acetylcholine was determined with ELISA. Enteric neuronal expression of the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) was studied with immunohistochemical methods. Application of GLP-2 (0.1–100 nM) to the serosal or mucosal side of the preparations evoke…

MaleTime FactorsPhysiologyVasoactive intestinal peptideHormones and SignalingFluorescent Antibody TechniqueSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaEnteric Nervous SystemMembrane PotentialsIntestinal mucosaGlucagon-Like Peptide 2Receptors GlucagonNeuropeptide YIntestinal MucosaNeurotransmitter Agentsdigestive oral and skin physiologyGastroenterologygastrointestinal hormoneGlucagon-like peptide-2ImmunohistochemistrySomatostatinmedicine.anatomical_structureenteric nervous system; gastrointestinal hormones; intestine; mucosal secretionGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 ReceptorSomatostatinhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsVasoactive Intestinal Peptideendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGuinea PigsMotilityEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayIleumIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyCholine O-AcetyltransferaseChloridesIleumPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsintestineIntestinal SecretionsHepatologymucosal secretionAcetylcholineElectric StimulationSmall intestineEndocrinologyGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor
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Role of cholinergic neurons in the motor effects of glucagon-like peptide-2 in mouse colon

2010

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) reduces mouse gastric tone and small intestine transit, but its action on large intestine motility is still unknown. The purposes of the present study were 1) to examine the influence of GLP-2 on spontaneous mechanical activity and on neurally evoked responses, by recording intraluminal pressure from mouse isolated colonic segments; 2) to characterize GLP-2 mechanism of action; and 3) to determine the distribution of GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) in the mouse colonic muscle coat by immunohistochemistry. Exogenous GLP-2 (0.1–300 nM) induced a concentration-dependent reduction of the spontaneous mechanical activity, which was abolished by the desensitization of GLP-…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholColonPhysiologymedicine.drug_classBlotting WesternBiologyApaminSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaMicechemistry.chemical_compoundenteric nervous systemcolonic motilityPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineGlucagon-Like Peptide 2Receptors GlucagonmedicineAnimalsCholinergic neuronNeuronsAnalysis of VarianceDose-Response Relationship DrugHepatologydigestive oral and skin physiologyGastroenterologyMuscle Smoothgastrointestinal hormoneMotor neuronReceptor antagonistImmunohistochemistryCholine acetyltransferaseElectric StimulationacetylcholineEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 ReceptorCholinergicGastrointestinal Motilityhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsAcetylcholineMuscle Contractionmedicine.drugAmerican Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
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Receptor identification and physiological characterisation of glucagon-like peptide-2 in the rat heart.

2010

Abstract Background and aims The anorexigenic glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-2 is produced by intestinal L cells and released in response to food intake. It affects intestinal function involving G-protein-coupled receptors. To verify whether GLP-2 acts as a cardiac modulator in mammals, we analysed, in the rat heart, the expression of GLP-2 receptors and the myocardial and coronary responses to GLP-2. Methods and results GLP-2 receptors were detected on ventricular extracts by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Cardiac GLP-2 effects were analysed on Langendorff perfused hearts. Intracellular GLP-2 signalling was investigated on Langendorff perfuse…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyCardiotonic AgentsNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIMAP Kinase Signaling SystemG proteinEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismBlotting WesternMedicine (miscellaneous)Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayStimulationIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reactionglucagon-like peptides-2 gut peptides cardiac performanceSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptorchemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineCyclic AMPCyclic GMP-Dependent Protein KinasesGlucagon-Like Peptide 2Receptors GlucagonmedicineAnimalsCyclic adenosine monophosphatePhosphorylationRats WistarReceptorNutrition and Dieteticsdigestive oral and skin physiologyHeartPeptide FragmentsRatsPhospholambanEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationchemistryInotropismGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 ReceptorCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinecGMP-dependent protein kinasehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsIntestinal L CellsSignal Transduction
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Gastric relaxation induced by glucagon-like peptide-2 in mice fed a high-fat diet or fasted.

2011

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a nutrient-responsive gut hormone that increases the intestinal absorption. Exogenous GLP-2 also induces gastric fundus relaxation with possible implications for emptying rate or feeling of satiety. GLP-2 actions are mediated by GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R), located on enteric neurons and myofibroblasts in murine gastrointestinal tract. Because it is not known whether changes in the endogenous GLP-2R levels occur in different nutritional states, we examined the GLP-2R gene and protein expression in gastric fundus from standard diet (STD)-fed, 12-h and 24-h fasted and re-fed, or high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and we analyzed the mechanical responses to exogenous G…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGLP-2 receptor expressionPhysiologyEndogenyBiologyDiet High-FatBiochemistrySettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaIntestinal absorptionCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMiceEndocrinologyInternal medicineIntestine SmallmedicineGlucagon-Like Peptide 2Receptors GlucagonAnimalsObesityGastric FundusReceptorGastrointestinal tractStomachdigestive oral and skin physiologyFastingGlucagon-like peptide-2Up-RegulationBlotMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 ReceptorGLP-2hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsHormonePeptides
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Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics in Evaluation of LIXisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome, a long-term cardiovascular end point trial …

2015

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, patients with T2DM and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have a particularly high risk of CV events. The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, lixisenatide, improves glycemia, but its effects on CV events have not been thoroughly evaluated.METHODS: ELIXA (www.clinicaltrials.gov no. NCT01147250) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study of lixisenatide in patients with T2DM and a recent ACS event. The primary aim is to evaluate the effects of lixisenatide on CV morbidity and mortality in a population …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAcute coronary syndromePopulationLIXisenatide610 Medicine & healthHypoglycemiaPlacebop38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases11171 Cardiocentro Ticino2705 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinelaw.inventionSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaAcute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peptides; Placebos; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Research Design; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinePlacebosLixisenatidechemistry.chemical_compoundRandomized controlled trialDouble-Blind MethodlawGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Internal medicineJournal ArticlemedicineHumansComparative StudyMyocardial infarctionAcute Coronary SyndromeeducationProtein Kinase InhibitorsAgededucation.field_of_studybusiness.industryUnstable anginaResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tta3121Middle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryMulticenter StudychemistryCardiovascular DiseasesResearch DesignRandomized Controlled TrialCardiologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessPeptides
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When GLP-1 hits the liver: a novel approach for insulin resistance and NASH

2012

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH), increasing fibrosis and eventually, cirrhosis ([22][1]). Importantly, NASH accompanied by fibrosis and severe inflammation is the most relevant predictor for disease progression

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisPhysiologydigestive systemGastroenterologyGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorSimple steatosisInsulin resistanceNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseFibrosisPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseReceptors GlucagonAnimalsMedicineHepatologybusiness.industryDisease progressionGastroenterologynutritional and metabolic diseasesmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesSevere inflammationFatty LiverSteatohepatitisPeptidesbusinessAmerican Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
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