Search results for "Gate"
showing 10 items of 1811 documents
Wireless versus Wired Network-on-Chip to Enable the Multi- Tenant Multi-FPGAs in Cloud
2021
The new era of computing is not CPU-centric but enriched with all the heterogeneous computing resources including the reconfigurable fabric. In multi-FPGA architecture, either deployed within a data center or as a standalone model, inter-FPGA communication is crucial. Network-on-chip exhibits a promising performance for the integration of one FPGA. A sustainable communication architecture requires stable performance as the number of applications or users grows. Wireless network-on-chip has the potential to be that communication architecture, as it boasts the same performance capability as wired solutions in addition to its multicast capacities. We conducted an exploratory study to investiga…
Feasibility of FPGA accelerated IPsec on cloud
2018
Abstract Hardware acceleration for famous VPN solution, IPsec, has been widely researched already. Still it is not fully covered and the increasing latency, throughput, and feature requirements need further evaluation. We propose an IPsec accelerator architecture in an FPGA and explain the details that need to be considered for a production ready design. This research considers the IPsec packet processing without IKE to be offloaded on an FPGA in an SDN network. Related work performance rates in 64 byte packet size for throughput is 1–2 Gbps with 0.2 ms latency in software, and 1–4 Gbps with unknown latencies for hardware solutions. Our proposed architecture is capable to host 1000 concurre…
PNeuro: A scalable energy-efficient programmable hardware accelerator for neural networks
2018
Proceedings of a meeting held 19-23 March 2018, Dresden, Germany; International audience; Artificial intelligence and especially Machine Learning recently gained a lot of interest from the industry. Indeed, new generation of neural networks built with a large number of successive computing layers enables a large amount of new applications and services implemented from smart sensors to data centers. These Deep Neural Networks (DNN) can interpret signals to recognize objects or situations to drive decision processes. However, their integration into embedded systems remains challenging due to their high computing needs. This paper presents PNeuro, a scalable energy-efficient hardware accelerat…
A window amplitude discriminator with adjustable upper and lower thresholds
1976
An amplitude window discriminator is described which permits selection of spikes from a multi-unit recording, provided the signal-to-noise ratio is high enough. The device can be built at relatively low cost and time. The circuitry permits analysis of the positive or the negative deflections of the recorded signals. In Part One of the circuitry, the signals are pre-amplified and may be inverted in polarity. In Part Two, the pulses are compared to a variable lower threshold voltage, and low amplitude noise is eliminated. Part Three depicts a logic circuit for elimination of disturbing high-amplitude signals, whose output delivers digital pulses, each corresponding to an original signal (e.g.…
Early life adversity targets the transcriptional signature of hippocampal NG2+ glia and affects voltage gated sodium (Nav) channels properties
2021
The precise mechanisms underlying the detrimental effects of early life adversity (ELA) on adult mental health remain still elusive. To date, most studies have exclusively targeted neuronal populations and not considered neuron-glia crosstalk as a crucially important element for the integrity of stress-related brain function. Here, we have investigated the impact of ELA, in the form of a limited bedding and nesting material (LBN) paradigm, on a glial subpopulation with unique properties in brain homeostasis, the NG2+ cells. First, we have established a link between maternal behavior, activation of the offspring's stress response and heterogeneity in the outcome to LBN manipulation. We furth…
Effects of high-energy electrons in advanced NAND flash memories
2016
We study the effects of high-energy electrons on advanced NAND Flash memories with multi-level and single-level cell architecture. We analyze the error rate in floating gate cells as a function of electron energy, evaluate the impact of total ionizing dose, and discuss the physical origin of the observed behavior.
Galactosylated polymeric carriers for liver targeting of sorafenib
2014
In this paper, we describe the preparation of liver-targeted polymeric micelles potentially able to carry sorafenib to hepatocytes for treatment of hepatocarcinoma (HCC), exploiting the presence of carbohydrate receptors, ASGPR. These micelles were prepared starting from a galactosylated polylactide-polyaminoacid conjugate. This latter was obtained by chemical reaction of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl) (2-aminoethylcarbamate)-d,l-aspartamide (PHEA-EDA) with polylactic acid (PLA), and subsequent reaction with lactose, leading to PHEA-EDA-PLA-GAL copolymer. Liver-targeted sorafenib-loaded micelles were obtained in aqueous media at low PHEA-EDA-PLA-GAL copolymer concentration value with nanometer …
Desensitization is a property of the cholinergic binding region of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, not of the receptor-integral ion channel
1991
AbstractThe reversible acetylcholine esterase inhibitor (−)-physostigmine (eserine) is the prototype of a new class of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) activating ligands: it induces cation fluxes into nAChR-rich membrane vesicles from Torpedo marmorala electric tissue even under conditions of antagonist blocked acetylcholine binding sites (Okonjo, Kuhlmann, Maclicke, Neuron, in press). This suggests that eserine exerts its channel-activating property via binding sites at the nAChR separate from those of the natural transmitter. We now report that eserine can activate the channel even when the receptor has been preincubated (desensitized) with elevated concentrations of acetylcholin…
Tradeoffs in the evolution of plant farming by ants
2020
Diverse forms of cultivation have evolved across the tree of life. Efficient farming requires that the farmer deciphers and actively promotes conditions that increase crop yield. For plant cultivation, this can include evaluating tradeoffs among light, nutrients, and protection against herbivores. It is not understood if, or how, nonhuman farmers evaluate local conditions to increase payoffs. Here, we address this question using an obligate farming mutualism between the ant Philidris nagasau and epiphytic plants in the genus Squamellaria that are cultivated for their nesting sites and floral rewards. We focused on the ants' active fertilization of their crops and their protection against he…
Tetrathiafulvalene-Polychlorotriphenylmethyl Dyads: Influence of Bridge and Open-Shell Characteristics on Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties
2017
Three conjugated donor-π-acceptor radical systems (1 a–1 c) were prepared by bridging a tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) electron-donor unit to a polychlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) electron-acceptor radical through vinylene units of different lengths. The dependence of the intramolecular charge transfer on the length of the conjugated bridge has been analyzed by different electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Linear optical properties and the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) response of these derivatives have been computed by comparing systems 1 a–1 c with the non-radical analogues (2 a–2 c). Interestingly, an enhanced NLO response is predicted for dyads 1 a–1 c with PTM in the radical for…