Search results for "HT"
showing 10 items of 20594 documents
GH57 amylopullulanase from Desulfurococcus amylolyticus JCM 9188 can make highly branched cyclodextrin via its transglycosylation activity.
2018
Abstract Desulfurococcus amylolyticus is an anaerobic and hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon that can use various carbohydrates as energy sources. We found a gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 57 amylolytic enzymes (DApu) in a putative carbohydrate utilization gene cluster in the genome of D. amylolyticus . This gene has an open reading frame of 1,878 bp and consists of 626 amino acids with a molecular mass of 71 kDa. Recombinant DApu (rDApu) completely hydrolyzed pullulan to maltotriose by attacking α-1,6-glycosidic linkages, and was able to produce glucose and maltose from soluble starch and amylopectin. Although rDApu showed no activity toward α-cyclodextrin (CD) and β-CD, maltooctao…
Expansion und Transplantation limbaler Stammzellen zur Regeneration der kornealen Oberfläche
2017
ZusammenfassungDie Regeneration des Hornhautepithels wird beim Menschen über das Stammzellreservoir des Limbus reguliert. Bei ausgedehnter Zerstörung der Limbusregion im Rahmen von Entzündungen, Verbrennungen oder Verätzungen kann sich eine limbale Stammzellinsuffizienz ausbilden, bei der es zu einer Vaskularisation und Eintrübung der Hornhaut mit funktioneller Beeinträchtigung kommen kann. Es stehen verschiedene Verfahren der autologen und allogenen Transplantation limbaler Stammzellen zur Verfügung. So können ganze Limbusabschnitte und kleine Limbusbiopsate direkt transplantiert oder aus kleinen Limbusbiopsaten stammende Zellen zunächst ex vivo auf Trägermembranen vermehrt und anschließen…
Rezidivierende Hornhauterosion bei epithelialen Hornhautdystrophien
2018
ZusammenfassungDas Hornhautepithel stellt die wesentliche abbildende Struktur des optischen Systems dar. Rezidivierende Hornhauterosionen können durch Entzündung, Trauma, Degenerationen und Dystrophien verursacht werden. Die epitheliale Basalmembrandystrophie (EBMD), die epitheliale rezidivierende Erosionsdystrophie (ERED) nach Francheschetti und die Meesmannʼsche epitheliale Hornhautdystrophie (MECD) führen jenseits unterschiedlicher Symptome und klinischer Zeichen – bedingt durch verschiedene Pathomechanismen – mehr oder weniger häufig zu einer Erosio corneae. Diese treten bei der EBMD fakultativ auf, wobei jedoch das Krankheitsbild der EBMD sehr versteckt sein kann. Die histologische Urs…
Das Usher-Syndrom, eine Ziliopathie des Menschen
2018
ZusammenfassungDas humane Usher-Syndrom (USH) ist eine seltene, komplexe genetische Erkrankung, die sich in kombinierter Taubblindheit manifestiert. Aufgrund der Ausprägung des Krankheitsbilds werden 3 klinische Typen (USH1 – 3) unterschieden. Für eine korrekte Diagnose sind zusätzlich zu den auditorischen Tests im Zuge des Neugeborenenscreens auch frühe ophthalmologische Untersuchungen und eine molekulargenetische Abklärung notwendig. Die bislang 10 bekannten USH-Gene codieren für heterogene Proteine, die in Proteinnetzwerken miteinander in Funktionseinheiten kooperieren. Im Auge und im Ohr werden USH-Proteine vor allem in den mechanosensitiven Haarsinneszellen und den Stäbchen- und Zapfen…
Designing food packaging for the Spanish market: Do motivations differ between involved and non-involved adolescents?
2018
Abstract This paper investigates the relationships among food choice motivations and the relevance of packaging elements (visual and informative elements) in the adolescent market. In addition, these relationships are re-tested in two different frameworks: high-involved consumers and low-involved consumers. 590 young consumers between 13 and 17 years were interviewed at the door of their public or private schools. Structural Modelling was used to test our hypotheses. The first analysis was done considering the global sample. The second one split off the sample into two groups: 351 high-involved adolescents and 239 low-involved adolescents. Our results showed, on one side, that weight contro…
Environmental Factors Such as Noise and Air Pollution and Vascular Disease
2020
Significance: According to the World Health Organization, noncommunicable diseases are the globally leading cause of mortality. Recent Advances: About 71% of 56 million deaths that occurred worldwide are due to noncommunicable cardiovascular risk factors, including tobacco smoking, unhealthy diets, lack of physical activity, overweight, arterial hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, which can be either avoided or substantially reduced. Critical Issues: Thus, it is estimated that 80% of premature heart disease, stroke, and diabetes can be prevented. More recent evidence indicates that environmental stressors such as noise and air pollution contribute significantly to the global b…
Linear biocompatible glyco-polyamidoamines as dual action mode virus infection inhibitors with potential as broad-spectrum microbicides for sexually …
2016
AbstractThe initial steps of viral infections are mediated by interactions between viral proteins and cellular receptors. Blocking the latter with high-affinity ligands may inhibit infection. DC-SIGN, a C-type lectin receptor expressed by immature dendritic cells and macrophages, mediates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by recognizing mannose clusters on the HIV-1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein. Mannosylated glycodendrimers act as HIV entry inhibitors thanks to their ability to block this receptor. Previously, an amphoteric, but prevailingly cationic polyamidoamine named AGMA1 proved effective as infection inhibitor for several heparan sulfate proteoglycan-dependent viruses, such …
Clinical and hormonal characteristics in heterozygote carriers of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
2020
Abstract Non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NC-CAH) includes a group of genetic disorders due to a broad class of CYP21A2 variants identifying a disease-causing ‘C’ genotype. The heterozygous carriers of CYP21 mutations are at increased risk of developing clinically evident hyperandrogenism, even though clinical and laboratory characteristics are still underestimated. With the aim of obtaining a more accurate delineation of the phenotype of heterozygous carrier of CAH, we analyzed clinical, biochemical and molecular characteristics in a cohort of Sicilian subjects. Fifty-seven females with biallelic and monoallelic CYP21A2 variants classifying NC-CAH (24) and heterozygous carrier…
Highlights of the São Paulo ISEV workshop on extracellular vesicles in cross-kingdom communication
2017
In the past years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become an important field of research since EVs have been found to play a central role in biological processes. In pathogens, EVs are involved in several events during the host–pathogen interaction, including invasion, immunomodulation, and pathology as well as parasite–parasite communication. In this report, we summarised the role of EVs in infections caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and helminths based on the talks and discussions carried out during the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) workshop held in São Paulo (November, 2016), Brazil, entitled Cross-organism Communication by Extracellular Vesicles:…
TLR3-independent activation of mast cells by cytomegalovirus contributes to control of pulmonary infection.
2017
Interstitial pneumonia is a life-threatening clinical manifestation of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection. In particular, it can be deadly in patients with hematopoietic malignancies who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in whom a ‘window of risk’, which is defined by transient immunodeficiency, occurs between hematoablative therapeutic treatment and immunological reconstitution. As few clinical studies have addressed the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon, a mouse model of HCT and murine cytomegalovirus (mCMV) infection has been established and has revealed a key role for antiviral CD8+ T cells in controlling pulmonary infections. Using this mouse model, recent st…