Search results for "IL-2"
showing 10 items of 267 documents
The significance of serum soluble IL-2 receptor as a marker for active visceral leishmaniasis in Sicilian patients
1992
SUMMARY Sera from nine Sicilian patients with confirmed visceral leishmaniasis (Leishmania donovani infantum; VL), at the moment of the diagnosis, during the course of the disease and after clinical recovery, were analysed for the concentration of soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R). The results show that sIL-2R is a marker of disease activity, since it is in high concentration at the beginning of infection and returns to the normal range following successful chemotherapy. At the same time of serum analysis for sIL-2R, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of VL patients were stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or antigen and supernatant tested for IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) pro…
Targeting human {gamma}delta} T cells with zoledronate and interleukin-2 for immunotherapy of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
2007
Abstract The increasing evidence that γδ T cells have potent antitumor activity suggests their value in immunotherapy, particularly in areas of unmet need such as metastatic carcinoma. To this end, we initiated a phase I clinical trial in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer to examine the feasibility and consequences of using the γδ T-cell agonist zoledronate, either alone or in combination with low-dose interleukin 2 (IL-2), to activate peripheral blood γδ cells. Nine patients were enlisted to each arm. Neither treatment showed appreciable toxicity. Most patients were treated with zoledronate + IL-2, but conversely only two treated with zoledronate displayed a significant long-te…
Gene Therapy of Human Melanoma — from Animal Experiments to the Clinical Trial
1997
Low immunogenecity of tumour cells is one of the reason that specific immune response is insufficient to destroy malignant cells. In an attempt to augment weakly immunogenic B78H1 mouse melanoma cell line, these cells were transfected with genomic DNA from a line of human melanoma cells expressing a 96kD melanoma associated antigen (MAA) that is intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM 1). The transfected cells expressed fivefold higher quantities of the melanoma associated antigen from which the DNA was obtained. Human ICAM 1 expressed by mouse melanoma cells appeared to be highly immunogenic leading to the rejection of the modified mouse melanoma cells. The transfected cells appeared to be…
Maintenance and Function of Human CD8+ T Cells and NK Cells in Humanized Mice
2014
Human CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells can be successfully engrafted in highly immuno-deficient mouse strains such as NOD/shi-SCID/γgcnull (NOG), NOD/SCID/IL2Rγnull (NSG), NOD/Rag1KO/γcnull (NRG), and BALB/c-Rag2KO/γcnull (BRG) mice following reconstitution with human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or, alternatively, upon adoptive transfer of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). These humanized immune system (HIS) mice have evolved as a promising tool to study human CD8+ T cell and NK cell-mediated immune responses to cancer and infectious diseases and to explore new approaches in adoptive immunotherapy and vaccination. However, long-term generation of CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK …
Tc9 cells, a new subset of CD8+T cells, support Th2-mediated airway inflammation
2013
Similar to T-helper (Th) cells, CD8(+) T cells also differentiate into distinct subpopulations. However, the existence of IL-9-producing CD8(+) T (Tc9) cells has not been elucidated so far. We show that murine CD8(+) T cells activated in the presence of IL-4 plus TGF-β develop into transient IL-9 producers characterized by specific IFN-γ and IL-10 expression patterns as well as by low cytotoxic function along with diminished expression of the CTL-associated transcription factors T-bet and Eomesodermin. Similarly to the CD4(+) counterpart, Tc9 cells required for their differentiation STAT6 and IRF4. Tc9 cells deficient for these master regulators displayed increased levels of Foxp3 that in t…
Strong and sustained effector function of memory- versus naïve-derived T cells upon T-cell receptor RNA transfer: Implications for cellular therapy
2012
Current protocols used to select CMV-specific T cells for adoptive immunotherapy focus on virus-specific memory T cells from seropositive donors. However, this strategy is not feasible in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) from CMV-seronegative donors. Here, we redirected T cells of CMV-seronegative donors with a human genetically engineered TCR recognizing an HLA-A*0201-binding peptide epitope of CMVpp65. To facilitate clinical translation of this approach, we used a non-viral expression system based on in vitro transcribed RNA and electroporation. Although memory and naive-derived T-cell subsets were both efficiently transfected by TCR-RNA, memo…
Induction of regulatory Tr1 cells and inhibition of TH17 cells by IL-27
2011
Accumulating evidence indicates that IL-27, a member of the IL-12 family of cytokines, alleviates the severity of autoimmune diseases in both mice and men. The IL-27-induced activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)1 and Stat3 promotes the generation of IL-10- producing type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells that inhibit effector T cells. In addition, IL-27 also suppresses the development of pathogenic IL-17-producing CD4(+) T cells (T(H)17) cells suggesting that pharmacological manipulations of IL-27 signaling pathway could be exploited therapeutically in regulating tissue inflammation. Here, we review how IL-27 controls inflammation through the regulation of Tr1 and T…
Benzaldehīda kondensācijas reakcijas ar etilciānoacetātu un malonskābi jonu šķidrumos
2015
Benzaldehīda kondensācijas reakcijas ar etilciānoacetātu un malonskābi jonu šķidrumos. Kolesnikova K., zinātniskais vadītājs Dr.h.ķīm., prof. Zicmanis A. Maģistra darbs, 79 lappuses, 53 attēli, 24 tabulas, 69 literatūras avoti. Latviešu valodā. Maģistra darbā ir apkopota vispārīga informācija par jonu šķidrumiem: iegūšanas metodēm, to īpašībām un izmantošanas iespējām, kā arī aplūkota literatūra par Knēvenāgela kondensāciju un tās Dēbnera modifikāciju. Darbā ir veikta vairāku jonu šķidrumu sintēze. Iegūto jonu šķidrumu struktūras tika pieradītas ar 1H KMR spektroskopijas metodi, tad JŠ tika izmantoti kā šķīdinātāji Knēvenāgela kondensācijas reakcijā un Knēvenāgela-Dēbnera kondensācijas reak…
para-Metoksibenzaldehīda kondensācija ar etilcianoacetātu jonu šķidrumu vidēs
2017
para-Metoksibenzaldehīda kondensācija ar etilcianoacetātu jonu šķidrumu vidēs. Freimane L., darba vadītājs Dr.h.ķīm., prof. Zicmanis A. Bakalaura darbs, 57 lappuses, 14 attēli, 8 tabulas, 42 literatūras avoti, 22 pielikumi. Latviešu valodā. Bakalaura darba literatūras apskata daļā ietverta vispārīga informācija par jonu šķidrumiem, to iegūšanu, uzbūvi un īpašībām, kā arī izmantošanas iespējām Knēvenāgela kondensācijas reakcijās. Laboratorijā tika sintezēti strukturāli atšķirīgi imidazolija rindas jonu šķidrumi, lietojot dažādas metodes. Iegūto savienojumu struktūra raksturota, izmantojot 1H KMR spektrometrijas metodi. Sintezētajos jonu šķidrumos veikta Knēvenāgela kondensācijas reakcija. No…