Search results for "IRRADIATION"

showing 10 items of 1012 documents

Evaluation using m.c.n.p. code of the bremsstrahlung energy spectrum produced by interactions between structural materials and accelerated electrons

2004

Abstract In order to design the biological shield of industrial accelerator plants, it is needed to have a good knowledge of the bremsstrahlung energy spectrum and the intensity of the bremsstrahlung produced by electron interactions with both products (usually water equivalent) and structural materials such as concrete, iron, aluminium. Using the MCNP code, a normalized bremsstrahlung energy spectrum was obtained for materials with average atomic number lower than or equal to 13 and irradiated with 5 and 10 Mev electrons, respectively; multiplying the spectrum by suitable coefficients, it was possible to obtain the real spectrum for materials such as water, concrete, aluminium and iron. Th…

PhysicsRadiationStructural materialchemistryAluminiumApproximation errorBremsstrahlungchemistry.chemical_elementAtomic numberIrradiationElectronAtomic physicsIntensity (heat transfer)Radiation Physics and Chemistry
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Measurement of radionuclide activities induced in target components of an IBA CYCLONE 18/9 by gamma-ray spectrometry with HPGe and LaBr3: Ce detector…

2014

Cyclotrons are used worldwide to produce radiopharmaceuticals by proton irradiation of a suitable target. The intense secondary neutron beam generated by proton interactions with the target induce high radionuclide activities in the target assembly parts that may result in an exposure to high dose levels of the operators during maintenance. The main goal of this work is to evaluate gamma-emitting radionuclide activities induced in Havar foils and titanium windows of a target assembly and carousel stripper forks of an IBA CYCLONE 18/9 cyclotron. The knowledge of radionuclide inventory for each component is required by many companies to assess risk for operators before waste handling and disp…

PhysicsRadioisotopesScintillationRadionuclideProtonexposure personnelEpidemiologySettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisCyclotronRadiochemistryDetectoraccelerator medicalCollimatoroperational topicspectrometrygammalaw.inventionSemiconductor detectorSpectrometry GammaRadioactivitylawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingwaste managementIrradiationHealth physics
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Radiation Magnetohydrodynamic Models and Spectral Signatures of Plasma Flows Accreting onto Classical T Tauri Stars

2019

CTTSs are young stars accreting mass from their circumstellar disks. The material falls into the star at free fall velocity and hits the stellar surface producing shocks, that heat the plasma at few million degrees. In the last twenty years the X-ray and UV observations of these systems have raised several questions. In particular, the observed X-ray luminosity is systematically below the value predicted by theoretical models, and the UV lines show complex profiles which cannot be easily interpreted with current accretion models based only on magnetohydrodynamical effects. To tackle these problems we modeled the structure and the dynamics of the plasma in the impact region using 3D magnetoh…

PhysicsT Tauri starStarsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysicsIrradiationMagnetohydrodynamic drivePlasmaRadiationMagnetohydrodynamicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAccretion (astrophysics)
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Preliminary radiation hardness tests of single photon Si detectors

2010

Single photon Si detectors were fabricated by STMicroelectronics and fully characterized in standard operation conditions and after irradiations. Both single cells and arrays, of dimensions ranging from 5x5 up to 64x64, were electrically tested. The devices operation was studied as a function of the temperature from -25 degrees C to 65 degrees C varying the voltage over breakdown, from 5% up to 20% of the breakdown voltage before and after irradiation using both light ions, 10 MeV B ions to doses in the range 3x10(7)-5x10(10) cm(-2), and X-rays irradiations in the range 0.5-20 krad(Si). Optical characterization was performed using a laser at 659 nm and opportunely chosen filters to vary the…

Physicsbusiness.industryOptical powerSilicon Photomultiplier single photon avalanche diode dark count gain light ion irradiation X-rays irradiationSilicon photomultiplierOpticsSingle-photon avalanche diodeRadiation damageOptoelectronicsBreakdown voltageIrradiationbusinessRadiation hardeningDark current
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Search for elements 119 and 120

2020

A search for production of the superheavy elements with atomic numbers 119 and 120 was performed in the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf fusion-evaporation reactions, respectively, at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. Over four months of irradiation, the 249Bk target partially decayed into 249Cf, which allowed for a simultaneous search for both elements. Neither was detected at cross-section sensitivity levels of 65 and 200 fb for the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf reactions, respectively, at a midtarget beam energy of Elab=281.5 MeV. The nonobservation of elements 119 and 120 is discussed within the concept of fusion-evaporation reactions including various theoretical pr…

Physicselement 119010308 nuclear & particles physicselement 120Superheavy Elements01 natural sciencesIsland of stabilityRecoil separatorNuclear physicssuperheavy elementsProduction cross sectionSubatomic Physics0103 physical sciences540 Chemistry570 Life sciences; biologylow and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactionsAtomic numberIrradiationSensitivity (control systems)ydinfysiikka010306 general physicsBeam energyPhysical Review C
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High performance 3D CZT spectro-imager for BNCT-SPECT: preliminary characterization

2018

The National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) is supporting the 3CaTS project with the aim of developing a new Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) system for real time 10 B therapeutic dose monitoring in the binary experimental hadron therapy called Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). BNCT is a highly selective tumour treatment based on the neutron capture reaction 10 B(n,α) 7 Li. The secondary particles have a high LET with ranges in tissues of the order of 10 μm (thus less than the mean cell diameter of few tens μm). Targeting the 10 B delivery towards cancer, the released energy lethally damages only the malignant cells sparing the normal tissues, thus enabling a cell…

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_test010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorResolution (electron density)Single-photon emission computed tomography01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCharacterization (materials science)Hadron therapyBoron neutron capture therapy03 medical and health sciencesNeutron captureFull width at half maximum0302 clinical medicineOpticsSingle photon emission computed tomography.0103 physical sciencesmedicineNeutron irradiationbusinessX ray detector2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Proceedings (NSS/MIC)
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Heavy Ion Sensitivity of 16/32-Gbit NAND-Flash and 4-Gbit DDR3 SDRAM

2012

16/32-Gbit NAND-Flash and 4-Gbit DDR3 SDRAM memories have been tested under heavy ion irradiation. At high LET, 25nm NAND-Flash show MBUs at normal incidence. Techniques for SEFI mitigation in DDR3 SDRAM are studied.

Physicsta114business.industryNAND gateDDR3 SDRAMHeavy ion irradiationFlash (photography)MBusGigabitElectronic engineeringOptoelectronicsHeavy ionbusinessSensitivity (electronics)
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SEU and MBU Angular Dependence of Samsung and Micron 8-Gbit SLC NAND-Flash Memories under Heavy-Ion Irradiation

2011

The angular dependence of the SEU and MBU cross sections of two 8-Gbit NAND-Flash memories, Samsung and Micron, is measured under Ar, Fe, and Kr irradiation. The omnidirectional sensitivity is calculated based on experimental results.

Physicsta114ta213business.industryElectrical engineeringNAND gateOptoelectronicsAngular dependenceIrradiationbusinessHeavy ion irradiationIon2011 IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop
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Studies on Instabilities and Patterns in Evaporating Liquids at Reduced Pressure and/or Microwave Irradiation

1990

This paper summarizes our recent experimental and theoretical work on the instabilities in liquids and at interfaces which form during evaporation at reduced pressure and/or microwave irradiation. We have observed a variety of patterns (Benard rolls, Marangoni waves, Hickman interface deformations) which depend on the value of the reduced pressure and the power of the incident beam.

Physics::Fluid DynamicsWork (thermodynamics)OpticsMarangoni effectbusiness.industryChemistryMicrowave irradiationIncident beamEvaporationRayleigh numberMechanicsbusiness
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MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON ACETYLCHOLINE-INDUCED CHANNELS IN CULTURED CHICK MYOTUBES

1988

The behavior of cultured myotubes from chick embryos exposed to microwaves has been experimentally analyzed. Recordings of acetylcholine-induced currents have been obtained via patch-clamp techniques using both cell-attached (single-channel current recording) and whole-cell (total current recording) configurations. During the exposure to low-power microwaves the frequency of the ACh-activated single channel openings decreased, while the ACh-induced total current showed a faster falling phase. Channel open time and conductance were not affected by microwave irradiation. It is concluded that the exposure to microwaves increases the rate of desensitization and decreases the channel opening pro…

PhysiologyMyogenesisChemistryMusclesBiophysicsPhase (waves)ConductanceChick EmbryoGeneral MedicineAnatomyIn Vitro TechniquesElectromagnetic radiationAcetylcholineIon ChannelsDesensitization (telecommunications)medicineBiophysicsAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingacetylcholine receptor; microwave irradiationCurrent (fluid)MicrowavesMicrowaveAcetylcholinemedicine.drug
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