Search results for "ISUM"
showing 10 items of 200 documents
Taking into account soils and climate change in assessing the production potential of a legume crop of interest: pea
2022
In the current context of climate change and increasing pressure on resources, the agricultural production model isbeing questioned. The challenge of a more autonomous, efficient and sustainable production of proteins must bemet by increasing the use of legumes in French cropping systems. The pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop model “AzodynPea” will be used to identify zones and management techniques favorable to the crop in Burgundy-Franche-Comté(eastern France), taking into account abiotic stresses, such as winter frost or water deficit. The first step in this processis the mapping of current soil properties and current and future climate characteristics of the region. Regionalizeddaily climate …
2015
Bacterial endosymbiosis is an important evolutionary process in insects, which can harbor both obligate and facultative symbionts. The evolution of these symbionts is driven by evolutionary convergence, and they exhibit among the tiniest genomes in prokaryotes. The large host spectrum of facultative symbionts and the high diversity of strategies they use to infect new hosts probably impact the evolution of their genome and explain why they undergo less severe genomic erosion than obligate symbionts. Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa is suitable for the investigation of the genomic evolution of facultative symbionts because the bacteria are engaged in specific relationships in two clades of in…
Functional consequences of prey acclimation to ocean acidification for the prey and its predator
2016
Ocean acidification is the suite of chemical changes to the carbonate system of seawater as a consequence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite a growing body of evidences demonstrating the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine species, the consequences at the ecosystem level are still unclear. One factor limiting our ability to upscale from species to ecosystem is the poor mechanistic understanding of the functional consequences of the observed effects on organisms. This is particularly true in the context of species interactions. The aim of this work was to investigate the functional consequence of the exposure of a prey (the mussel Brachidontes pharaonis) t…
New Clues about the Evolutionary History of Metabolic Losses in Bacterial Endosymbionts, Provided by the Genome of Buchnera aphidicola from the Aphid…
2011
ABSTRACT The symbiotic association between aphids (Homoptera) and Buchnera aphidicola ( Gammaproteobacteria ) started about 100 to 200 million years ago. As a consequence of this relationship, the bacterial genome has undergone a prominent size reduction. The downsize genome process starts when the bacterium enters the host and will probably end with its extinction and replacement by another healthier bacterium or with the establishment of metabolic complementation between two or more bacteria. Nowadays, several complete genomes of Buchnera aphidicola from four different aphid species ( Acyrthosiphon pisum , Schizaphis graminum , Baizongia pistacea , and Cinara cedri ) have been fully seque…
Identification of a gene overexpressed in aphids reared under short photoperiod.
2003
Most aphids develop a cyclic parthenogenesis life-cycle. After several generations of viviparously produced parthenogenetic females, follows a single annual generation of sexual individuals, usually in autumn, that mate and lay the sexual eggs. Shortening of photoperiod at the end of the summer (together with temperature) is a key factor inducing the sexual response. Currently no genes involved in the cascade of events that lead to the appearance of sexual forms have been reported. After a Differential Display RT-PCR survey performed on Acyrthosiphon pisum aphids, we identified a gene that is overexpressed in aphids reared under short photoperiod conditions that induce sexuality in this spe…
Zvaigžņotā Debess: 2015, Vasara (228)
2015
Latvijas Universitāte
Mai più prigioni del silenzio. Il divieto di dialogare con gli altri detenuti vìola la dignità dei condannati all’ergastolo
2022
La Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo ha riconosciuto una violazione degli artt. 3 e 13 Cedu, in riferimento al regime penitenziario di isolamento che ha inibito a un condannato all'ergastolo di parlare con altri detenuti durante un breve periodo di permanenza all'aperto. L'occasione offre spunti per brevi riferimenti storici alle cd. prigioni del silenzio; per un'analisi del ruolo interpretativo e obbligatorio delle sentenze europee; per l'individuazione dei limiti di invalicabile umanità della pena a vita. Dopo avere configurato il controllo giurisdizionale come scriminante, come causa di giustificazione, rispetto all'esercizio di poteri arbitrari, si richiama l'attenzione sul principio …
Calcification is not the Achilles'heel of cold-water corals in an acidifying ocean
2015
Ocean acidification is thought to be a major threat to coral reefs: laboratory evidence and CO2 seep research has shown adverse effects on many coral species, although a few are resilient. There are concerns that cold-water corals are even more vulnerable as they live in areas where aragonite saturation (Omega ara) is lower than in the tropics and is falling rapidly due to CO2 emissions. Here, we provide laboratory evidence that net (gross calcification minus dissolution) and gross calcification rates of three common cold-water corals, Caryophyllia smithii, Dendrophyllia cornigera, and Desmophyllum dianthus, are not affected by pCO2 levels expected for 2100 (pCO2 1058 µatm, Omega ara 1.29),…
Ocean acidification affects fish spawning but not paternity at CO2 seeps
2016
Fish exhibit impaired sensory function and altered behaviour at levels of ocean acidification expected to occur owing to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions during this century. We provide the first evidence of the effects of ocean acidification on reproductive behaviour of fish in the wild. Satellite and sneaker male ocellated wrasse (Symphodus ocellatus) compete to fertilize eggs guarded by dominant nesting males. Key mating behaviours such as dominant male courtship and nest defence did not differ between sites with ambient versus elevated CO2 concentrations. Dominant males did, however, experience significantly lower rates of pair spawning at elevated CO2 levels. Despite the higher r…
Trofisko čūlu terapija cukura diabēta pacientiem farmaceita praksē
2017
Cukura diabēts (CD) ir slimība, kas galvenokārt raksturojas ar glikozes vielmaiņas traucējumiem. Atkarībā no CD veida, organisms pats neizstrādā insulīnu no aizkuņģa dziedzera β-šūnām (pilnīga destrukcija) (1.tips), vai nespēj izmantot insulīnu pareizi (insulīna rezistence) (2. tips) [American Diabetes Association, 2011]. Šī pētījuma mērķis bija noskaidrot trofisko čūlu esamības biežumu CD pacientu vidū un noskaidrot farmaceita lomu šo brūču terapijā, analizējot 2016.gada aptauju rezultātus, kuras tika veiktas Rīgas 1. Slimnīcas un ģimenes ārstu prakses aptiekās Rīgā. Darbā tika analizētas atbildes no pacientu un no ārstu aptaujām, pēc kurām tika noskaidrota pēdu problēmu vēsture, pašreizēj…