Search results for "Imipramine"
showing 10 items of 37 documents
Avoidance behaviour: A predictor of the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in panic disorder?
1991
The impact of the avoidance behaviour on the psychopharmacological treatment of panic disorder was explored in the Cross National Collaborative Panic Study (n = 1134 patients); in this double blind randomized trial alprazolam, imipramine and placebo were compared during an 8-week treatment period. Patients with extensive avoidance behaviour (agoraphobia) had the most profit from the active drugs. Counter expectancy these specific drug effects were most pronounced in avoidance behaviour. Active drugs (in particular imipramine) were especially more effective than placebo if the patients presented with associated avoidance behaviour. The results suggest that agoraphobia defines more a particul…
Chronology of panic and avoidance, age of onset in panic disorder, and prediction of treatment response. A report from the Cross-National Collaborati…
1991
The relevance of the chronology between panic disorder and avoidance behavior and of an early, medium or late onset of panic disorder was tested. Groups from the sample of the cross-national collaborative panic study (CNCPS) were compared for differences in basic characteristics and for the ability to predict treatment response. Patients who developed avoidance behavior before the full syndrome of panic disorder had less often a full agoraphobia but were not different in their response to treatment. Patients with an early onset of panic disorder suffered more often from agoraphobia. The treatment response was similar in the groups with early, medium or late onset of panic disorder. Neither …
Effects of REM sleep awakenings and related wakening paradigms on the ultradian sleep cycle and the symptoms in depression.
2002
In 1975 Vogel and coworkers published their classical study where they compared selective rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation by brief awakenings to a control intervention paradigm in depressed patients. The superior antidepressive impact of the first procedure was attributed to the REM pressure accumulating during the treatment period. The laborious procedure and the considerable effort necessary to evaluate the sleep profiles in real time have prevented similar experiments so far. Based on artificial neural networks we developed a software for the real time detection of REM sleep. In combination with an alarm system the algorithm allowed us to wake up subjects automatically and to …
Examination and treatment of sleep-related painful erections--a case report.
1989
The case of a patient with sleep-related painful erections is described. Insomnia and a slight depressive syndrome occurred along with a long history of this disorder. No physical abnormality was found. At a baseline recording of sleep electroencephalography (EEG) and nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT), a disturbed sleep pattern and impaired NPT were recorded. Attempts to treat the disorder with diazepam, amitriptyline, trimipramine, and biperidene did not prompt a stable improvement of the disorder, but a dosage of 25 mg clozapine was sufficient to achieve normalized sleep architecture, remission of the depressive symptomatology, and normalization of NPT. It is likely that marked sedation i…
Consistencies and discrepancies in self- and observer-rated anxiety scales. A comparison between the self- and observer-rated Marks-Sheehan scales.
1990
The Marks-Sheehan anxiety scales are the only scales where self-ratings and observer ratings are perfectly matched by the number, the content and the scaling of the items. Therefore these scales are an excellent tool to investigate the compatibility and to study different structures in self- and observer ratings. This was done by using the data material on the Marks-Sheehan scales of the Cross National Collaborative Panic Study. In this study 1168 outpatients who met the DSM-III criteria for panic disorder were randomly allocated either to alprazolam, imipramine or placebo treatment. Our results show that the Marks-Sheehan scales are highly comparable to other established rating scales. Bot…
Self- and observer assessment in anxiolytic drug trials: A comparison of their validity
1990
Self-rating scales are considered to be less useful for comparing different treatments in anxiety patients than observer-rating scales. However, the empirical evidence for this assumption is not adequate. A self-rating inventory of 35 items related to anxiety was perfectly parallel with an observer-rating inventory. Both instruments were used in the Cross National Collaborative Panic Study to compare the efficacy of imipramine, alprazolam and placebo in an 8-week drug trial in a sample of 1168 outpatients. The variance of the self-rating assessments was about two times higher. Both scales were equally sensitive to change; however, the measurement of change by means of the self-rating scale …
Effects of Trimipramine on Sleep EEG, Penile Tumescence and Nocturnal Hormonal Secretion
1989
Sleep EEG, nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) and nocturnal endocrine activity were studied in 3 male control subjects during placebo, under trimipramine (TR) and after withdrawal. TR did not change the sleep structure. NPT activity tended to increase under TR. Nocturnal plasma cortisol levels decreased markedly while the early morning rise of cortisol appeared delayed under 200 mg TR. After withdrawal the changes of the cortisol secretion rebounded. Nocturnal secretion of GH, testosterone, LH and FSH remained unaffected, but plasma prolactin levels increased under TR and returned to normalcy after cessation. Our data illustrate that the neurobiological effects of TR are different from those…
Automated Determination of Trimipramine and N-Desmethyl-Trimipramine in Human Plasma or Serum by HPLC With On-Line Solid Phase Extraction
1995
A fully automated method including column-switching and isocratic high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for determination of the tricyclic antidepressant trimipramine (T) and its N-demethylated metabolite N-desmethyltrimipramine (DT). The limit of quantification was below 10 ng/ml for T and DT. The assay revealed linearity between detector response and drug concentration in a therapeutically relevant range of 10 to 500 ng/ml. The mean intra- and interassay variabilities were 6.2 and 12.3%, respectively, for T and 4.7 and 8.7% respectively, for DT. The method can be applied to therapeutic drug monitoring of patients under T therapy and may be useful for pharmacokinetic …
Comparative study on the inhibition of Na+, K+-activated ATPase activity by chlorpromazine, promazine, imipramine, and their monodesmethyl metabolites
1972
The inhibition of the sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase, EC 3.6.1.3) activity by chlorpromazine, promazine and imipramine was compared with that by the monodesmethyl metabolites of these drugs. The experiments were performed with a deoxycholate- and sodium iodide-treated microsomal enzyme preparation from rat brain. It was shown in dose-response curves as well as in double-reciprocal Lineweaver-Burk plots of Na-K-ATPase activity against KCl concentration that the monodesmethyl metabolites were stronger inhibitors than their parent compounds. The results obtained with the desmethyl metabolites and imipramine as inhibitors indicate competitive inhibition wh…
Automated Determination of Paroxetine and Its Main Metabolite by Column Switching and On-Line High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
1994
An automated column-switching method coupled to isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography has been developed for simultaneous determination of blood levels of paroxetine and its nonconjugated main metabolite BRL 36610. The lower limits of detection were 9-15 nmol/L (3-5 ng/ml) and linearity between drug concentration and detector response was found for 0-1,500 nmol/L (0-500 ng/ml). The method could be applied to the analysis of serum samples obtained from depressed patients who were treated with daily oral doses of 20 or 40 mg of paroxetine. After the 20-mg dose, the mean blood level of paroxetine was 69 nM (23 ng/ml), whereas the metabolite BRL 36610 was detectable in only one of 5 …