Search results for "Immune system"
showing 10 items of 2885 documents
“Default” versus “pre-atopic” IgG responses to foodborne and airborne pathogenesis-related group 10 protein molecules in birch-sensitized and nonatop…
2014
Background The route and dose of exposure are believed to be relevant factors in the sensitization process. Pathogenesis-related group 10 protein (PR-10) molecules are a family of allergenic proteins shared by many pollens (eg, birch and alder) and foods (eg, apple, peach, and soy). Children are exposed to both pollen-derived (inhaled) and food-derived (ingested) PR-10 molecules. Objective We sought to investigate the role of route and dose of exposure in the evolution of IgG and IgE responses to recombinant PR-10 molecules. Methods The German Multicentre Allergy Study examined a birth cohort born in 1990. Blood samples were collected at the ages of 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, and 13 years. Parti…
EAACI/GA(2)LEN/EDF/WAO guideline: definition, classification and diagnosis of urticaria.
2009
Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Oct This guideline, together with its sister guideline on the management of urticaria [Zuberbier T, Asero R, Bindslev-Jensen C, Canonica GW, Church MK, Giménez-Arnau AM et al. EAACI/GA(2)LEN/EDF/WAO Guideline: Management of urticaria. Allergy, 2009; 64:1427-1443] is the result of a consensus reached during a panel discussion at the 3rd International Consensus Meeting on Urticaria, Urticaria 2008, a joint initiative of the Dermatology Section of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), the EU-funded network of excellence, the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2)LEN), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) and the World Allergy Organ…
Blood Flow and Oxygen Supply to Human Mammary Carcinomas Transplanted into Nude Rats
1985
Tumor blood flow (TBF), by itself, greatly influences the efficiency of nonsurgical therapeutic modalities, especially chemotherapy and hyperthermia. Furthermore, TBF is one of the most important determinants of tumor tissue oxygenation in vivo, thus playing a relevant role in tumor growth kinetics and in the development of regressive changes. In addition, the oxygenation of tumor tissue strongly determines the efficiency of radiation therapy and to a certain extent, pharmacodynamics of some antiproliferative drugs. Despite the considerable information available for rodent tumor systems, there are only sporadic ireports on blood flow (Beaney et al., 1984, Johnson, 1976, Mantyla, 1979, Manty…
Hyperthermia Enhances CD95-Ligand Gene Expression in T Lymphocytes
2004
Abstract Hyperthermia represents an interesting therapeutic strategy for the treatment of tumors. Moreover, it is able to regulate several aspects of the immune response. Fas (APO-1/CD95) and its ligand (FasL) are cell surface proteins whose interaction activates apoptosis of Fas-expressing targets. In T cells, the Fas-Fas-L system regulates activation-induced cell death, is implicated in diseases in which lymphocyte homeostasis is compromised, and plays an important role during cytotoxic and regulatory actions mediated by these cells. In this study we describe the effect of hyperthermia on activation of the fas-L gene in T lymphocytes. We show that hyperthermic treatment enhances Fas-L-med…
TLR2, but not TLR4, triggers cytokine production by murine cells in response to Candida albicans yeasts and hyphae.
2006
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) function as sensors for infection that induce the activation of the immune responses. Recent studies have demonstrated a crucial involvement of TLRs in the recognition of fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans. Although both TLR2 and TLR4 have been implicated in the host interaction with C. albicans, their specific role during infection has not been unequivocally established, as conflicting results have been reported. In this review, we summarize and discuss our own and others' key findings about the specific role of TLR2 and TLR4 in murine resistance to candidiasis, and in triggering cytokine secretion by murine cells in response to C. albicans yeasts and hyph…
Immune effects of 5-fluorouracil
2012
Cytotoxic anticancer drugs can promote antitumor immune responses. The anticancer activity of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) relies on the restoration of T-cell immunity following the elimination of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). We have recently discovered that the 5FU-driven activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in MDSCs promotes tumor angiogenesis by eliciting TH17 responses that compromise anticancer immunity. This underscores the need to combine 5-FU with NLRP3 inhibitors to prevent tumor progression.
Interferon-α Abrogates Tolerance Induction by Human Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
2011
Background Administration of interferon-α (IFN-α) represents an approved adjuvant therapy as reported for malignancies like melanoma and several viral infections. In malignant diseases, tolerance processes are critically involved in tumor progression. In this study, the effect of IFN-α on tolerance induction by human tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) was analyzed. We focussed on tolerogenic IL-10-modulated DC (IL-10 DC) that are known to induce anergic regulatory T cells (iTregs). Methodology/Principal Findings IFN-α promoted an enhanced maturation of IL-10 DC as demonstrated by upregulation of the differentiation marker CD83 as well as costimulatory molecules. IFN-α treatment resulted in an…
Heavy metal pollution disturbs immune response in wild ant populations
2005
Concern about the effects of environmental contaminants on immune function in both humans and wildlife is growing and practically nothing is known about this impact on terrestrial invertebrates, even though they are known to easily accumulate pollutants. We studied the effect of industrial heavy metal contamination on immune defense of a free-living wood ant (Formica aquilonia). To find out whether ants show an adapted immune function in a polluted environment, we compared encapsulation responses between local and translocated colonies. Local colonies showed higher heavy metal levels than the translocated ones but the encapsulation response was similar between the two groups, indicating tha…
An overview of the role of T cells in controlling tuberculosis infection in a pediatric population
2015
The most significant immunological studies of tuberculosis (TB) infection have involved adult patients. Few studies about the immune repertoire have been conducted in children. The purpose of this paper is to focus on cellular immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis by reviewing our studies conducted on children with different forms of TB infection between 1998 and 2006. Although the gold standard of TB diagnosis remains isolation of TB bacillus that also allows estimation of pattern of resistance of M. tuberculosis, the study of immune response can be useful for the early diagnosis and therapeutic follow-up of pediatric TB.
Immune Response to Tumor Stress Proteins—Implications for Vaccine Development Against Cancer
2000
Publisher Summary Stress proteins or heat shock proteins (HSP) belong to the most conserved proteins. The conservation of stress proteins stems from their basic and vital role in cells: Prevention of protein aggregation under stress and physiological conditions. Stress proteins are important target antigens in autoimmune diseases and during certain bacterial infections. This chapter reviews the immunogenicity of stress proteins of tumor cells, stimulation of T cell response by tumor stress proteins and implications this Tcell response have for immunity against the tumor or autoimmunity. The expression of stress proteins in cancer is altered. An overexpression of constitutively expressed or …