Search results for "Interfaces"

A pulsed laser technique for an evaluation of the spall resistance of sputtered oxide films: diagnostic by interferometric probing

1998

Abstract A pulsed laser technique, based on conventional laser acoustics testing, has been developed to define the spall resistance of sputtered oxide films on a metallic target. Direct irradiation of the coated side of the sample generates an acoustic source at the inner film–metal interface. A model of the laser-induced epicentral displacements at the opposite side that takes into account the confining effect of the coating has been proposed to evaluate the critical laser irradiance corresponding to progressive damages at the inner film–metal interface, i.e. interface delamination, film spallation and film expulsion, respectively. The behavior of Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 films deposited by PVD …

Deformation-Free Topography from Combined Scanning Force and Tunnelling Experiments

1993

We show that by measuring force and stiffness on a constant-current scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) contour a deformation-free topography can be extracted. With reference to mono- and bicomponent self-assembled monolayers, we find that the characteristic depression pattern and the protrusions on a multicomponent film found in STM are to a great extent due to electronic effects.

Estimation of band alignment at CdS/Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 hetero‐interface by direct XPS measurements

2020

CdTe Nanocrystal Synthesis in SiO 2 /Si Ion‐Track Template: The Study of Electronic and Structural Properties

2020

Physical vapor deposition of Bi2S3 as absorber material in thin film photovoltaics

2013

Abstract In order to investigate alternative absorber materials for inorganic solar cells, thin films of bismuth trisulfide (Bi2S3) were deposited under high vacuum conditions by the thermal evaporation method from compound material. The effects of the substrate temperature during deposition on the structural, stoichiometric, optical and electrical properties were investigated. Polycrystalline thin films close to an ideal stoichiometry could be deposited for temperatures TSub = 80–290 °C; thereby a transition from rough needle-shaped particles with (hk0)-orientation parallel to the surface of the substrate towards block shaped grains with a preferred direction out of the surface could be ob…

Polymer based tuneable photonic crystals

2007

We report on the fabrication and characterization of photonic crystal slab waveguide resonators which contain a nanostructured second-order nonlinear optical polymer. The combination of a photonic crystal resonator realized in a second-order nonlinear optical polymer allowed the detection of electro-optical modulation of light with a sub-1-V sensitivity. Furthermore we report on the synthesis of novel nonlinear optical polymers with large second-order hyperpolarizability and improved glass transition temperature. The polymer slab waveguide is micro patterned by means of electron-beam lithography and reactive ion etching. The photonic crystal slab-based resonator consisted of a square lattic…

Switchable Light Reflectance in Dilute Magneto-Optical Colloids Based on Nickel Ferrite Nanowires

2018

Analysis of static friction and elastic forces in a nanowire bent on a flat surface: A comparative study

2014

ZnO nanowires bent to a complex shape and held in place by static friction force from supporting flat surface are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The complex shapes are obtained by bending the nanowires inside a scanning electron microscope with a sharp tip attached to a nanopositioner. Several methods previously described in the literature are applied along with author's original method to calculate the distributed friction force and stored elastic energy in the nanowires from the bending profile. This comparative study evidences the importance of the usage of appropriate models for accurate analysis of the nanowires profile. It is demonstrated that incomplete models can lea…

Surface plasmon polariton propagation across a gentle silver step

2001

Abstract Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are excited with light of wavelength λ1=632.8 nm on or near a gentle Ag/Ag step structure using focused beam, prism coupling and detected using a bare, sharpened fibre tip. The tip–sample separation is controlled by means of an evanescent optical field at wavelength λ2=543.5 nm in a photon scanning tunnelling microscope (PSTM). The SPP propagation properties are first characterised on both the thin and thick sections of the Ag film structure either side of the step, both macroscopically, using attenuated total reflection, and microscopically from the PSTM images; the two techniques yield very good agreement. It is found that the SPP propagation len…

Phase defect inspection of multilayer masks for 13.5 nm optical lithography using PEEM in a standing wave mode

2007

We report on recent developments of an "at wavelength" full-field imaging technique for defect inspection of multilayer mask blanks for extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). Our approach uses photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) in a near normal incidence mode at 13.5 nut wavelength to image the photoemission induced by the EUV wave field on the multilayer blank surface. We analyze buried defects on Mo/Si multilayer samples down to a lateral size of 50 nm and report on first, results obtained from a six inches mask blank prototype as prerequisite for industrial usage. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.