Search results for "Isotropy"

showing 10 items of 1099 documents

Effect of ethanol on membrane fluidity of protoplasts fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae andKloeckera apiculata grown with or without ethanol, measured by …

1994

Direct measurements of membrane fluidity by fluorescence anisotropy of protoplasts fromKloeckera apiculata andSaccharomyces cerevisiae, a low and a high ethanol tolerant strain respectively, are presented. The comparison of the behaviour of the two strains grown with or without ethanol enabled us to demonstrate the existing relationship between ethanol tolerance and membrane fluidity.

EthanolStrain (chemistry)biologySaccharomyces cerevisiaeKineticsProtoplastbiology.organism_classificationApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryYeastchemistry.chemical_compoundBiochemistrychemistryMembrane fluidityBiophysicsFluorescence anisotropyBiotechnology Techniques
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Reliability analysis of processes with moving cracked material

2015

Abstract The reliability of processes with moving elastic and isotropic material containing initial cracks is considered in terms of fracture. The material is modelled as a moving plate which is simply supported from two of its sides and subjected to homogeneous tension acting in the travelling direction. For tension, two models are studied: (i) tension is constant with respect to time, and (ii) tension varies temporally according to an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Cracks of random length are assumed to occur in the material according to a stochastic counting process. For a general counting process, a representation of the nonfracture probability of the system is obtained that exploits condi…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesStochastic modellingBoundary (topology)02 engineering and technologyComputational Engineering Finance and Science (cs.CE)0203 mechanical engineeringfirst passage timeComputer Science - Computational Engineering Finance and Sciencestochastic modelMathematics040101 forestryta214Counting processTension (physics)Applied Mathematicsta111Mathematical analysisIsotropyOrnstein–Uhlenbeck process04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesmoving material020303 mechanical engineering & transportsfractureModeling and Simulation0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesOrnstein-Uhlenbeck processFirst-hitting-time modelConstant (mathematics)Applied Mathematical Modelling
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Spin Pumping and Torque Statistics in the Quantum Noise Limit

2016

We analyze the statistics of charge and energy currents and spin torque in a metallic nanomagnet coupled to a large magnetic metal via a tunnel contact. We derive a Keldysh action for the tunnel barrier, describing the stochastic currents in the presence of a magnetization precessing with the rate $\Omega$. In contrast to some earlier approaches, we include the geometric phases that affect the counting statistics. We illustrate the use of the action by deriving spintronic fluctuation relations, the quantum limit of pumped current noise, and consider the fluctuations in two specific cases: the situation with a stable precession of magnetization driven by spin transfer torque, and the torque-…

FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyMagnetization01 natural sciencesspin pumpingQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesStatistics010306 general physicsMagnetic anisotropySpin-½PhysicsSpin pumpingStochastic systemsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114SpintronicsCondensed matter physicsQuantum limitQuantum noiseSpin-transfer torqueCharge (physics)Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNanomagnetTorquequantum noise limit0210 nano-technologytorque statisticsEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review Letters
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Unique continuation of the normal operator of the x-ray transform and applications in geophysics

2020

We show that the normal operator of the X-ray transform in $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\geq 2$, has a unique continuation property in the class of compactly supported distributions. This immediately implies uniqueness for the X-ray tomography problem with partial data and generalizes some earlier results to higher dimensions. Our proof also gives a unique continuation property for certain Riesz potentials in the space of rapidly decreasing distributions. We present applications to local and global seismology. These include linearized travel time tomography with half-local data and global tomography based on shear wave splitting in a weakly anisotropic elastic medium.

FOS: Physical sciencesx-ray transformSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer SciencePhysics - GeophysicsContinuationtomografiaClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsNormal operatorUniqueness0101 mathematicsAnisotropyMathematical PhysicsMathematicsX-ray transformgeophysicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisgeofysiikkaShear wave splittingInverse problemFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)Computer Science ApplicationsMathematics - Functional Analysis010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsSignal ProcessingInverse Problems
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Poroelastic metamaterials with negative effective static compressibility

2017

We suggest a three-dimensional metamaterial structure exhibiting an isotropic expansion in response to an increased hydrostatic pressure imposed by a surrounding gas or liquid. We show that this behavior corresponds to a negative absolute (rather than only differential) effective compressibility under truly static and stable conditions. The poroelastic metamaterial is composed of only a single ordinary constituent solid. By detailed numerical parameter studies, we find that a pressure increase of merely one bar can lead to a relative increase in the effective volume exceeding one percent for geometrical structure parameters that should be accessible to fabrication by 3D printing.

FabricationMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Hydrostatic pressurePoromechanicsIsotropyMetamaterial02 engineering and technologyMechanics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesPressure increaseCompressibility010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyBar (unit)Applied Physics Letters
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Hierarchical fast BEM for anisotropic time-harmonic 3-D elastodynamics

2012

The paper presents a fast boundary element method for anisotropic time-harmonic 3-D elastodynamic problems. The approach uses the hierarchical matrices format and the ACA algorithm for the collocation matrix setup and a preconditioned GMRES solver for the solution. The development of this approach for the anisotropic case presents peculiar aspects which deserve investigation and are studied in the paper leading to the employed computational strategy and its effective tuning. Numerical experiments are presented to assess the method accuracy, performances and numerical complexity. The method ensures adequate accuracy allowing remarkable reductions in computation time and memory storage.

Fast BEMMathematical optimizationCollocationTime harmonicMechanical EngineeringComputationSolverLarge scale computationsGeneralized minimal residual methodComputer Science ApplicationsMatrix (mathematics)Modeling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceAnisotropyAnisotropic elastodynamicAlgorithmBoundary element methodCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematics
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Pore fabric geometry inferred from magnetic and acoustic anisotropies in rocks with various mineralogy, permeability and porosity.

2014

14 pages; International audience; he ferrofluid impregnation technique combined with anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility measurements (AMSff) is one of the ways to analyze the 3-D geometry of the pore space in a rock and indirectly to infer the anisotropy of permeability. We applied this method on different types of rocks (sandstones and carbonates) with a range of different porosity values (10-30%) and permeability (1 mD to 1 D). To get additional information on both the pore aspect ratio and the directional anisotropy we used another technique, measuring the anisotropy of P-waves velocity (APV) in dry and water saturated conditions. Comparing between both methods shows that despite the …

Ferrofluid010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesCarbonate[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph][SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes[SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PetrographyMineralogyGeometry[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]Sandstone010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciences[ SDU.STU.GP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]AnisotropyPorosityP-wave-velocity[ SDU.STU.PE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesMicrostructureAspect ratio (image)Magnetic susceptibility[ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global ChangesGeophysicsPermeability (electromagnetism)FerrofluidAnisotropyPorous mediumPorosityGeology
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Features of magnetorheology of biocompatible chain-forming ferrofluids with multi-core magnetic nanoparticles: Experiment and simulation

2020

Abstract We study the magnetorheological properties and structural transitions in novel aqueous colloidal suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles developed for biomedical applications. Defined-shape field-tunable superparamagnetic nanoparticles with clustered cores and their suspensions are produced. The region of intermediate magnetic coupling strength between colloidal ferrofluids and magnetorheological suspensions is systematically studied for the first time. Hybrid numerical simulations with hydrodynamic interactions provide full structural information. The distinctive features of the rheograms are related to transitions between Brownian and persistent microstructure, shape anisotropy, co…

FerrofluidMaterials science02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesInductive coupling0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterShear (sheet metal)ColloidColloid and Surface ChemistryChemical physicsPhase (matter)Magnetorheological fluidMagnetic nanoparticles0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Concise Chemistry Modulation of the SMM Behavior within a Family of Mononuclear Dy(III) Complexes.

2018

By means of the facile chemistry, structural assembly, and transformation of four mononuclear Dy(III) complexes, Dy(bpad)3·CH3OH·H2O (1), Dy(bpad)2(H2O)2·NO3 (2), [Dy(bpad)2(tmhd)] (3), and [Dy(bpad)2(btfa)] (4) (Hbpad = N3-benzoylpyridine-2-carboxamidrazone, tmhd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione, btfa = 3-benzoyl-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone), with distinct architectures and local symmetries were established. The disparity of the coordination geometries around the Dy(III) ion among these complexes impacts the strength of the crystal field and the local tensor of anisotropy ( D) of each Dy site and their relative orientations, therefore giving rise to diverse SIM behaviors with distinguishi…

Field (physics)010405 organic chemistryChemistryRelaxation (NMR)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesIonInorganic ChemistryCrystalCrystallographyMagnetic anisotropyAb initio quantum chemistry methodsModulation (music)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAnisotropyInorganic chemistry
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Collective hydrodynamic transport of magnetic microrollers

2021

We investigate the collective transport properties of microscopic magnetic rollers that propel close to a surface due to a circularly polarized, rotating magnetic field. The applied field exerts a torque to the particles, which induces a net rolling motion close to a surface. The collective dynamics of the particles result from the balance between magnetic dipolar interactions and hydrodynamic ones. We show that, when hydrodynamics dominate, i.e. for high particle spinning, the collective mean velocity linearly increases with the particle density. In this regime we analyse the clustering kinetics, and find that hydrodynamic interactions between the anisotropic, elongated particles, induce p…

Field (physics)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesPerpendicularCluster (physics)010306 general physicsAnisotropyParticle densityPhysicsRotating magnetic fieldMagnetismeCondensed matter physicsHidrodinàmicaMagnetismGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsDynamicsDipoleDinàmicaHydrodynamicsParticleSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)0210 nano-technology
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