Search results for "JUNCTION"

showing 10 items of 862 documents

Standard Essential Patents e licenze a condizioni FRAND nel diritto della UE: equità e ragionevolezza tra antitrust e regolazione

2021

L’articolo affronta la controversa questione della determinazione delle condizioni per la concessione di licenze su brevetti essenziali per l’applicazione di uno standard, evidenziando come si sia rivelata inefficiente la scelta della Commissione UE di affidarla esclusivamente alla privata negoziazione dei termini degli impegni FRAND. Tale sistema ha generato un rilevante contenzioso, spesso affrontato con l’applicazione dell’art. 102 TFUE. Scarso aiuto hanno fornito le indicazioni fornite dalla stessa Commissione con diverse comunicazioni, il cui contenuto viene criticamente esaminato, e la pronuncia della Corte di giustizia sul caso ZTE/Huawei. L’autore è dell’idea che sia venuto il momen…

FRAND commitmentpreliminary injunctionSettore IUS/05 - Diritto Dell'Economiaabuse of dominancestandard standardizationSettore IUS/04 - Diritto Commercialerefusal to licensestandard essential patent
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Synthesis of Graphene Nanoribbons by Ambient-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition and Device Integration

2016

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), quasi-one-dimensional graphene strips, have shown great potential for nanoscale electronics, optoelectronics, and photonics. Atomically precise GNRs can be "bottom-up" synthesized by surface-assisted assembly of molecular building blocks under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. However, large-scale and efficient synthesis of such GNRs at low cost remains a significant challenge. Here we report an efficient "bottom-up" chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for inexpensive and high-throughput growth of structurally defined GNRs with varying structures under ambient-pressure conditions. The high quality of our CVD-grown GNRs is validated by a combination of different …

FabricationBAND-GAPNanotechnologyHETEROJUNCTIONSORGANIC FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS02 engineering and technologyChemical vapor deposition010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysislaw.inventionColloid and Surface ChemistrylawNanoscopic scaleNANOGRAPHENESPECTROSCOPYbusiness.industryChemistryGrapheneTransistorGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesgraphene nanoribbon CVD HREELS spectroscopy electronic propertiesGRAPHENE NANORIBBONSPhotonics0210 nano-technologybusinessGraphene nanoribbonsAmbient pressure
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Superconducting tunnel junction fabrication on three-dimensional topography via direct laser writing

2020

Superconducting junctions are widely used in multitude of applications ranging from quantum information science and sensing to solid-state cooling. Traditionally, such devices must be fabricated on flat substrates using standard lithographic techniques. In this study, we demonstrate a highly versatile method that allows for superconducting junctions to be fabricated on a more complex topography. It is based on maskless direct laser writing (DLW) two-photon lithography, which allows writing in 3D space. We show that high-quality normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions can be fabricated on top of a 20 $\mu$m tall three-dimensional topography. Combined with more advanced r…

FabricationMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural scienceslaw.inventionSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Coatinglaw0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Quantum information scienceLithography010302 applied physicsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryCondensed Matter - Superconductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserResistengineeringOptoelectronicsSuperconducting tunnel junction0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Relation between the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the bone crest and the thickness of the facial bone in anterior maxillary teeth: A c…

2018

Background The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate radiologically, the relation between the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the facial bone crest (FBC), and the facial alveolar bone (FAB) width at maxillary anterior teeth. A further aim was to assess if the CEJ-FBC distance had an impact in the prevalence to find a FAB thickness greater than one mm. Material and Methods CBCT images were retrospectively obtained from the database of the Oral Surgery Unit of the University of Valencia. The teeth were divided in 3 groups according to the CEJ-FBC distance: Shorter (≤3mm), Middle (>3 ≤4.5 mm) and Larger (>4.5 mm). FAB thickness was measured by two different ex…

Facial boneTooth Cervix03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAlveolar ProcessMaxillamedicineHumansMaxillary central incisorGeneral DentistryAnterior teethDental alveolusRetrospective StudiesOrthodonticsbusiness.industryResearchAlveolar process030206 dentistryCone-Beam Computed Tomography:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Tooth Cervixstomatognathic diseasesCementoenamel junctionCross-Sectional Studiesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyMaxillaUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryOral SurgerybusinessMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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Horseshoe-shaped maps in chaotic dynamics of long Josephson junction driven by biharmonic signals

2000

Abstract A collective coordinate approach is applied to study chaotic responses induced by an applied biharmonic driven signal on the long Josephson junction influenced by a constant dc-driven field with breather initial conditions. We derive a nonlinear equation for the collective variable of the breather and a new version of the Melnikov method is then used to demonstrate the existence of Smale horseshoe-shaped maps in its dynamics. Additionally, numerical simulations show that the theoretical predictions are well reproduced. The subharmonic Melnikov theory is applied to study the resonant breathers. Results obtained using this approach are in good agreement with numerical simulations of …

Field (physics)BreatherGeneral MathematicsApplied MathematicsChaoticGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsNonlinear systemClassical mechanicsBiharmonic equationConstant (mathematics)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsVariable (mathematics)MathematicsLong Josephson junctionChaos, Solitons & Fractals
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Conjunction of Conditional Events and t-Norms

2019

We study the relationship between a notion of conjunction among conditional events, introduced in recent papers, and the notion of Frank t-norm. By examining different cases, in the setting of coherence, we show each time that the conjunction coincides with a suitable Frank t-norm. In particular, the conjunction may coincide with the Product t-norm, the Minimum t-norm, and Lukasiewicz t-norm. We show by a counterexample, that the prevision assessments obtained by Lukasiewicz t-norm may be not coherent. Then, we give some conditions of coherence when using Lukasiewicz t-norm

Frank t-norm.Settore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaConjunction02 engineering and technologyCoherence (statistics)01 natural sciencesConjunction (grammar)Mathematics::Logic010104 statistics & probabilitySettore SECS-S/06 -Metodi Mat. dell'Economia e d. Scienze Attuariali e Finanz.Product (mathematics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCalculus020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0101 mathematicsCoherenceConditional EventCounterexampleMathematics
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Triangular norms and conjunction of conditional events

2019

We study the relationship between a notion of conjunction among conditional events, introduced in recent papers, and the notion of Frank t-norm. By examining different cases, in the setting of coherence, we show each time that the conjunction coincides with a suitable Frank t-norm. In particular, the conjunction may coincide with the Product t-norm, the Minimum t- norm, and Lukasiewicz t-norm. We show by a counterexample, that the prevision assessments obtained by Lukasiewicz t-norm may be not coherent. Then, we give some conditions of coherence when using Lukasiewicz t-norm.

Frank t-norm.Settore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaConjunctionConditional random quantityCoherenceConditional Event
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Sonority as a Phonological Cue in Early Perception of Written Syllables in French

2020

Many studies focused on the letter and sound co-occurrences to account for the well-documented syllable-based effects in French in visual (pseudo)word processing. Although these language-specific statistical properties are crucial, recent data suggest that studies that go all-in on phonological and orthographic regularities may be misguided in interpreting how—and why—readers locate syllable boundaries and segment clusters. Indeed, syllable-based effects could depend on more abstract, universal phonological constraints that rule and govern how letter and sound occur and co-occur, and readers could be sensitive to sonority—a universal phonological element—for processing (pseudo)words. Here, …

Frenchmedia_common.quotation_subjectWord processinglcsh:BF1-990visual word processingphonological universals050105 experimental psychologysonority03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMarkednessReading (process)PerceptionPsychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencessyllableGeneral Psychologymedia_common05 social sciencesBrief Research ReportLinguisticsConjunction (grammar)illusory conjunctionsmarkednesslcsh:PsychologyPsychologie[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologySonority hierarchyIllusory conjunctionsSyllablePsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFrontiers in Psychology
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Indium surfactant effect on AlN/GaN heterostructures grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy: Applications to intersubband transitions

2006

We report on a dramatic improvement of the optical and structural properties of AlN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy using indium as a surfactant. This improvement is observed using photoluminescence as well as x-ray diffraction. Atomic force microscopy shows different surface morphologies between samples grown with and without In. This is ascribed to a modified relaxation mechanism induced by different surface kinetics. These improved MQWs exhibit intersubband absorption at short wavelength (2 mu m). The absorption linewidth is as low as 65 meV and the absorption coefficient is increased by 85%.

GaN/AlN quantumMaterials sciencePhotoluminescencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industrySUPERLATTICESSuperlatticeMULTIPLE-QUANTUM WELLSMU-Mchemistry.chemical_elementquantum dotsHeterojunctionRELAXATIONGallium nitrideEpitaxyLAYERSGANchemistryQuantum dotOptoelectronicsbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Quantum wellIndium
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From non-excitable single-cell to multicellular bioelectrical states supported by ion channels and gap junction proteins: Electrical potentials as di…

2019

Endogenous bioelectric patterns within tissues are an important driver of morphogenesis and a tractable component of a number of disease states. Developing system-level understanding of the dynamics by which non-neural bioelectric circuits regulate complex downstream cascades is a key step towards both, an evolutionary understanding of ion channel genes, and novel strategies in regenerative medicine. An important capability gap is deriving rational modulation strategies targeting individual cells' bioelectric states to achieve global (tissue- or organ-level) outcomes. Here, we develop an ion channel-based model that describes multicellular states on the basis of spatio-temporal patterns of …

Gap Junction Proteins030303 biophysicsCellBiophysicsCell CommunicationRegenerative medicineModels BiologicalConnexinsIon ChannelsCell membrane03 medical and health sciencesmedicineMorphogenesisAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyIon channelPhysics0303 health sciencesCell potentialElectrical potentialsGap JunctionsElectrophysiological PhenomenaMulticellular organismmedicine.anatomical_structureSingle-Cell AnalysisNeuroscienceSignal TransductionProgress in biophysics and molecular biology
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