Search results for "KNOWLEDGE"
showing 10 items of 3108 documents
Hints from the Crowd: A Novel NoSQL Database
2013
The crowd can be an incredible source of information. In particular, this is true for reviews about products of any kind, freely provided by customers through specialized web sites. In other words, they are social knowledge, that can be exploited by other customers. The Hints From the Crowd HFC prototype, presented in this paper, is a NoSQL database system for large collections of product reviews; the database is queried by expressing a natural language sentence; the result is a list of products ranked based on the relevance of reviews w.r.t. the natural language sentence. The best ranked products in the result list can be seen as the best hints for the user based on crowd opinions the revi…
Autonomous acquisition of natural language
2014
An important part of human intelligence is the ability to use language. Humans learn how to use language in a society of language users, which is probably the most effective way to learn a language from the ground up. Principles that might allow an artificial agents to learn language this way are not known at present. Here we present a framework which begins to address this challenge. Our auto-catalytic, endogenous, reflective architecture (AERA) supports the creation of agents that can learn natural language by observation. We present results from two experiments where our S1 agent learns human communication by observing two humans interacting in a realtime mock television interview, using…
Querying NoSQL-based crowdsourcing systems efficiently
2016
In this paper, we provide a novel approach for effectively and efficiently support query processing tasks in novel NoSQL crowdsourcing systems. The idea of our method is to exploit the social knowledge available from reviews about products of any kind, freely provided by customers through specialized web sites. We thus define a NoSQL database system for large collections of product reviews, where queries can be expressed in terms of natural language sentences whose answers are modeled as lists of products ranked based on the relevance of reviews w.r.t. the natural language sentences. The best ranked products in the result list can be seen as the best hints for the user based on crowd opinio…
Appetizer or main dish? Explaining the use of Facebook news posts as a substitute for other news sources
2019
An increasing number of, especially younger, users use Facebook as their primary source for news about political and societal issues. At the same time, research suggests that Facebook use contributes to societal knowledge gaps. Against this background, we investigate the antecedents of using Facebook as a substitute for other news sources. We argue that exposure to news posts on Facebook increases the feeling of being well-informed, regardless of actual knowledge acquisition. This might lead users, especially those with a low need for cognition (NfC), to use Facebook as a substitute for other news sources. We test these assumptions with an online survey (n=390) of German Internet users. Res…
Improving the Performance Metric of Wireless Sensor Networks with Clustering Markov Chain Model and Multilevel Fusion
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/783543 Open access The paper proposes a performance metric evaluation for a distributed detection wireless sensor network with respect to IEEE 802.15.4 standard. A distributed detection scheme is considered with presence of the fusion node and organized sensors into the clustering and non-clustering networks. Sensors are distributed in clusters uniformly and nonuniformly and network has multilevel fusion centers. Fusion centers act as heads of clusters for decision making based on majority-like received signal strength (RSS) with comparis…
La proposta di Direttiva Bolkestein fra nuove esigenze e paure di innovazione
2006
By the beginning of this year, EU institutions are approving a proposal of directive on the internal market services liberalization. It is probably the last important step along the path of european economic integration, started in 1957 with the Treaty of Rome. The proposal has not yet an easy pattern, above all for the "country of origin principle". This principle is seen by the supporters as an important tool to speed up the process, but by the opponents as a way to favour possible bottom races for social standards, due to a competition based exclusively upon the employment factor. A basic question is what it will remain at the end of the day, after revisions, corrections, integrations th…
Viaggi nell’immaginario: il turismo virtuale nel sito UNESCO di Tarragona
2023
Le nuove tecnologie hanno trasformato in modo radicale non solo la geografia come disciplina, ma anche le geografie del mondo. Il digitale ha assunto, infatti, un ruolo di mediazione sempre più pervasivo nella produzione dello spazio, come delle conoscenze e degli immaginari geografici. Le possibilità offerte dal virtuale, in particolare, offrono oggi un contributo decisivo nella comunicazione dei significati attribuiti ai luoghi e rispondono in modo sempre più efficace ai bisogni emergenti del settore turistico. Le esperienze di visita mediate dal digitale mirano a coinvolgere i sensi e risultano efficaci quando promuovono immersioni rigorosamente realistiche. Nel quadro di queste riflessi…
Survey of Italian pediatricians’ perspectives and knowledge about neonatal screening
2015
Background The goal of newborn screening is early identification of babies with a high risk for disorders that may not be clinically evident at birth, but have severe consequences if untreated. New insight into inherited diseases and the ability to test for numerous diseases using new technique such as tandem mass spectrometry have made it practical to greatly expand the number of conditions tested. The expanded neonatal screening is now available and relatively simple, but this represents only a part of the picture. Positive results require follow-up confirmation. Most disorders screened require confirmatory biochemical or genetic tests and specialist visits. An efficient system is needed …
Nuovo realismo e metodi di ricerca misti
2014
Il nuovo realismo ha evidenziato i limiti del costruttivismo sociale e del cosiddetto «pensiero debole», che rischia di sfociare nel nichilismo. Sono stati recentemente rimossi dei pregiudizi che impedivano di cogliere la realtà dei fatti educativi nella sua concreta evidenza. Tuttavia un’apertura alla prospettiva metafisica offrirebbe al nuovo realismo ulteriori spazi epistemologici. In tale senso il contributo del realismo critico potrebbe aiutare a superare l’artificiosa antinomia tra il ruolo attivo del soggetto conoscente e la rilevazione oggettiva dei fatti educativi. Se si realizzasse questa apertura la conoscenza scientifica e la conoscenza corrente non sarebbero più viste come anti…
Ethische Entscheidungen am Lebensende - Kenntnisstand und Einstellungen Medizinstudierender
2004
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Arzte werden haufig mit ethischen und rechtlichen Fragestellungen am Ende des Lebens konfrontiert. In dieser Studie wurden Medizinstudierende in Mainz und Berlin zu Kenntnissen der Richtlinien der Bundesarztekammer (BAK) zur Sterbebegleitung, zur moralischen Haltung und rechtlichen Einschatzung bei der Begrenzung medizinischer Masnahmen sowie zur Beurteilung der medizinischen Ausbildung im Hinblick auf diese Fragestellungen befragt. Methodik: 569 Studierende am Fachbereich Medizin der Universitat Mainz im 1. und 4. klinischen Semester und im 3. Tertial des Praktischen Jahres (PJ) sowie im 5. Studienjahr an der Berliner Charite erhielten einen Fragebogen zu eth…