Search results for "LM"
showing 10 items of 19289 documents
Red wine extract disrupts Th17 lymphocyte differentiation in a colorectal cancer context
2020
International audience; Scope: Scope: It is well established that immune response and inflammation promote tumoral progression. Immune cells communicate through direct contact or through cytokine secretion, and it is the pro-inflammatory status that will tip the balance toward tumor progression or anti-tumor immunity. It is demonstrated here that a red wine extract (RWE) can decrease inflammation through its action on the inflammasome complex. This study determines whether an RWE could impact other key actors of inflammation, including T helper 17 (Th17) immune cells in particular. Methods and results: Methods and results: Using an RWE containing 4.16 g of polyphenols/liter of wine, it is s…
Plastic and micro-evolutionary responses of a nematode to the host immune environment
2017
9 pages; International audience; Parasitic organisms have to cope with the defences deployed by their hosts and this can be achieved adopting immune evasion strategies or optimal life history traits according to the prevailing pattern of immune-mediated mortality. Parasites often encounter variable immune environments both within and between hosts, promoting the evolution of plastic strategies instead of fixed responses. Here, we explored the plasticity and micro-evolutionary responses of immunomodulatory mechanisms and life history traits to the immune environment provided by the host, using the parasitic nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus. To test if the parasite responds plastically to t…
Comparison of Migratory and Resident Populations of Brown Trout Reveals Candidate Genes for Migration Tendency
2018
Abstract Candidate genes associated with migration have been identified in multiple taxa: including salmonids, many of whom perform migrations requiring a series of physiological changes associated with the freshwater–saltwater transition. We screened over 5,500 SNPs for signatures of selection related to migratory behavior of brown trout Salmo trutta by focusing on ten differentially migrating freshwater populations from two watersheds (the Koutajoki and the Oulujoki). We found eight outlier SNPs potentially associated with migratory versus resident life history using multiple (≥3) outlier detection approaches. Comparison of three migratory versus resident population pairs in the Koutajoki…
Palmitoylethanolamide Promotes a Proresolving Macrophage Phenotype and Attenuates Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation
2018
Objective— Palmitoylethanolamide is an endogenous fatty acid mediator that is synthetized from membrane phospholipids by N -acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D. Its biological actions are primarily mediated by PPAR-α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α) and the orphan receptor GPR55. Palmitoylethanolamide exerts potent anti-inflammatory actions but its physiological role and promise as a therapeutic agent in chronic arterial inflammation, such as atherosclerosis remain unexplored. Approach and Results— First, the polarization of mouse primary macrophages towards a proinflammatory phenotype was found to reduce N -acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D expression …
Determination of meropenem in endotracheal tubes by in-tube solid phase microextraction coupled to capillary liquid chromatography with diode array d…
2017
Meropenem is a widely used antimicrobial for the treatment of infections associated with the use of invasive medical devices in intensive care unit patients. These treatments are not always effective, in fact, in-vitro studies have demonstrated the difficulty of antimicrobials to penetrate into the biofilm, however in-vivo studies of the effect of these compounds is a trend, mostly because of the complexity of pulmonary samples extracted from ETTs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate in-tube solid phase microextraction (in-tube SPME) coupled to capillary liquid chromatography (CapLC) with DAD to determine meropenem in Errs in order to estimate the penetration capability i…
Taxonomic clarification of three taxa of Iberian geomitrids, Helix montserratensis Hidalgo, 1870 and subspecies (Gastropoda, Pulmonata), based on mor…
2017
Revisión taxonómica de tres taxones de geomítridos ibéricos, Helix montserratensis Hidalgo, 1870, y subespecies (Gastropoda, Pulmonata), basada en datos morfo–anatómicos Helix montserratensis (actualmente Xerocrassa montserratensis) es un geomítrido ibérico descrito por Hidalgo en 1870 en Montserrat (Barcelona, España). Sobre la base de varios caracteres conquiológicos, se describieron dos taxones muy similares, como variedades de este taxón: Helix montserratensis betulonensis y otro menos nombrado, Helix montserratensis delicatula. Estas variedades, sobre todo betulonensis, se han considerado subespecies de X. montserratensis, aunque algunos autores las consideran especies diferentes, basá…
Imatinib-Loaded Micelles of Hyaluronic Acid Derivatives for Potential Treatment of Neovascular Ocular Diseases
2018
In this work, new micellar systems able to cross corneal barrier and to improve the permeation of imatinib free base were prepared and characterized. HA-EDA-C-16, HA-EDA-C-16-PEG, and HA-EDA-C-16-CRN micelles were synthesized starting from hyaluronic acid (HA), ethylenediamine (EDA), hexadecyl chains (C-16), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or L-carnitine (CRN). These nanocarriers showed optimal particle size and mucoadhesive properties. Imatinib-loaded micelles were able to interact with corneal barrier and to promote imatinib transcorneal permeation and penetration. In addition, a study was conducted to understand the in vitro imatinib inhibitory effect on a choroidal neovascularization process…
In vitro effects of benzalkonium chloride and prostaglandins on human meibomian gland epithelial cells
2019
Abstract Purpose Benzalkonium chloride is the most widely used preservative in ophthalmic topical solutions. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of BAC as a single substance or as a component of several commercially available ophthalmic solutions on meibomian gland epithelial cells in vitro. Materials and methods An immortalized human meibomian gland epithelial cell line (HMGEC) was used and cells were cultured in the absence or presence of fetal bovine serum to assess cell morphology, cell proliferation, cell viability (MTS assay) and impedance sensing (ECIS) after stimulation with BAC. Further, the viability of HMGECs stimulated with BAC-containing and BAC-free bimatopr…
New insights into the mechanism of action of pyrazolo[1,2-a]benzo[1,2,3,4]tetrazin-3-one derivatives endowed with anticancer potential
2018
Due to the scarce biological profile, the pyrazolo[1,2-a]benzo[1,2,3,4]tetrazine-3-one scaffold (PBT) has been recently explored as promising core for potential anticancer candidates. Several suitably decorated derivatives (PBTs) exhibited antiproliferative activity in the low-micromolar range associated with apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest on S phase. Herein, we selected the most active derivatives and submitted them to further biological explorations to deepen the mechanism of action. At first, a DNA targeting is approached by means of flow Linear Dichroism experiments so as to evaluate how small planar molecules might interact with DNA, including the interference with the catal…
Oxidative Stress and Vascular Dysfunction in the Retina: Therapeutic Strategies
2020
Many retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular (AMD) degeneration, are associated with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. ROS are important intracellular signaling molecules that regulate numerous physiological actions, including vascular reactivity and neuron function. However, excessive ROS formation has been linked to vascular endothelial dysfunction, neuron degeneration, and inflammation in the retina. ROS can directly modify cellular molecules and impair their function. Moreover, ROS can stimulate the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) causing inflammation and cel…