Search results for "Length"

showing 10 items of 2188 documents

An ITS-RFLP method to identify black Aspergillus isolates responsible for OTA contamination in grapes and wine

2006

Ochratoxigenic mycobiota in grapes from representative wine regions in Valencia was identified. Black aspergilli were predominant among the different Aspergillus spp. isolated. Restriction digestion analysis of the ITS products was tested as a rapid method to identify isolates of black Aspergillus species from grapes. Restriction endonuclease digestion of the ITS products using the endonucleases HhaI, NlaIII and RsaI, distinguished five types of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) corresponding to Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus aculeatus species. In addition, a new RFLP type in the A. niger aggregate was identified. The fragme…

WineOchratoxin AAspergillusMycobiotabiologyAspergillus nigerAspergillus aculeatusfood and beveragesFood ContaminationWineDNA Restriction EnzymesGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationOchratoxinsMicrobiologyMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundAspergillusAspergillus tubingensischemistryFood MicrobiologyVitisRestriction fragment length polymorphismPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthFood ScienceInternational Journal of Food Microbiology
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Molecular identification and characterization of wine yeasts isolated from Tenerife (Canary Island, Spain)

2007

Aims:  The present study was aimed at the identification, differentiation and characterization of indigenous yeasts isolated from Tenerife vineyards (viticulture region that has never been characterized before). Microbiota were studied from 14 samples taken during fermentations carried out in the 2002 vintage, from 11 wineries belonging to five wine regions on Tenerife Island. Methods and Results:  Yeasts’ strains were identified and characterized through restriction analysis of the 5·8S-internal transcribed spacer region and the mitochondrial DNA. At the beginning of alcoholic fermentation, 26 yeast species were found, where 14 species were present in significant frequencies in only one sa…

WineVintageBiodiversityWineGeneral MedicineSpacer DNABiologyDNA MitochondrialApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyYeastYeast in winemakingSpainYeastsFermentationBotanyFood MicrobiologyVitisViticultureRestriction fragment length polymorphismPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthBiotechnologyJournal of Applied Microbiology
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Beyond ideal two-dimensional metals: Edges, vacancies, and polarizabilities

2018

Recent experimental discoveries of graphene-stabilized patches of two-dimensional (2D) metals have motivated also their computational studies. However, so far the studies have been restricted to ideal and infinite 2D metallic monolayers, which is insufficient because in reality the properties of such metallic patches are governed by microstructures pervaded by edges, defects, and several types of perturbations. Here we use density-functional theory to calculate edge and vacancy formation energies of hexagonal and square lattices of 45 elemental 2D metals. We find that the edge and vacancy formation energies are strongly correlated and decrease with increasing Wigner-Seitz radii, analogously…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceCoordination numberFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyEdge (geometry)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSquare (algebra)polarisaatioMetalnanorakenteetnanocrystalsVacancy defectMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)charge polarizationcrystal defectspoint defectsIdeal (ring theory)Condensed matter physicsta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsline defectsviat021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyvacancies0104 chemical sciencesBond lengthvisual_artfirst-principles calculationsvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technology
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Size control of InAs∕InP(001) quantum wires by tailoring P∕As exchange

2004

The size and emission wavelength of self-assembled InAs∕InP(001) quantum wires (QWrs) is affected by the P∕As exchange process. In this work, we demonstrate by in situ stress measurements that P∕As exchange at the InAs∕InP interface depends on the surface reconstruction of the InAs starting surface and its immediate evolution when the arsenic cell is closed. Accordingly, the amount of InP grown on InAs by P∕As exchange increases with substrate temperature in a steplike way. These results allow us to engineer the size of the QWr for emission at 1.3 and 1.55 μm at room temperature by selecting the range of substrate temperatures in which the InP cap layer is grown.

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceOptical fiberPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Substrate (electronics)Optoelectronic deviceslaw.inventionEmissionOptical fibreslawIndium compoundsArsenic compoundsSize effectPhosphorus compoundsRange (particle radiation)business.industrySelf-assemblyWavelengthSemiconductor quantum wiresOptoelectronicsSelf-assemblybusinessSurface reconstructionLayer (electronics)Surface reconstruction
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Importance of dispersal and thermal environment for mycorrhizal communities: lessons from Yellowstone National Park

2011

International audience; The relative importance of dispersal and niche restrictions remains a controversial topic in community ecology, especially for microorganisms that are often assumed to be ubiquitous. We investigated the impact of these factors for the community assembly of the root-symbiont arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) by sampling roots from geothermal and nonthermal grasslands in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), followed by sequencing and RFLP of AMF ribosomal DNA. With the exception of an apparent generalist RFLP type closely related to Glomus intraradices, a distance-based redundancy analysis indicated that the AMF community composition correlated with soil pH or pH-driven c…

Wyoming0106 biological sciencesMetacommunitycharacteristicshabitatYellowstone National Parkparc national de YellowstoneBiologyPoaceaecomplex mixtures010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesHot Springstype de solsoilrestriction fragment length polymorphismsMycorrhizaeSoil pHBotanyAnimalsEcosystemSoil MicrobiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsarbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community composition dispersal2. Zero hungerEcological nicheBisonCommunitypHEcologyfungiCommunity structuretemperaturefood and beveragesPlant communityHydrogen-Ion Concentration15. Life on landnicheBiological dispersalRFLP[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologySoil microbiologyPolymorphism Restriction Fragment Length010606 plant biology & botanyEcology
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Investigation of the local structure of As-related acceptor centres in InSe by means of fluorescence-detected XAS

2002

In this paper we report on fluorescence-detected XAS measurements in arsenic-doped p-type indium selenide. Absorption spectra taken at the arsenic K-edge allow for an unambiguous determination of the bond length of the As atoms with their first neighbours that turns out to be 2.56 ± 0.02 A. The XANES spectrum and the bond length (as determined from EXAFS oscillations) exhibit weak anisotropy as the angle between the crystal c-axis and the x-ray polarization vector is changed. These results are fully compatible with the model of a single substitutional acceptor (As in Se site), with no bonds along the c-axis (that would give rise to strong linear dicroism in the XANES spectrum). The In–As bo…

X-ray absorption spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureAbsorption spectroscopyInorganic chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsAcceptorXANESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBond lengthCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistrySelenideMaterials ChemistryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSemiconductor Science and Technology
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XRD and XAS structural study of CuAlO2under high pressure

2013

International audience; We present the results of x-ray diffraction and x-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments in CuAlO2 under high pressure. We discuss the polarization dependence of the x-ray absorption near-edge structure at the Cu K-edge. XRD under high pressure evidences anisotropic compression, the a-axis being more compressible than the c-axis. EXAFS yields the copper-oxygen bond length, from which the only internal parameter of the delafossite structure is deduced. The combination of anisotropic compression and the internal parameter decrease results in a regularization of the AlO6 octahedra. The anisotropic compression is related to the chemical trends observed in the lattice pa…

X-ray absorption spectroscopyPhase transitionAbsorption spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureChemistry02 engineering and technologyengineering.material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesBond lengthCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyDelafossite[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]0103 physical sciencesengineeringGeneral Materials ScienceCrystallite010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Optical Properties of Self-Assembled GaxIn1-xAs/InP Quantum Wires

2002

Temperature dependent photoluminescence studies have been carried out on several samples containing self-assembled Ga x In 1-x As/InP quantum wires. A red-shift of the emission wavelength is observed when increasing the Ga content in the alloy, but the overall optical quality decreases. In the case of x = 0.15, the photoluminescence is not sensible to temperature and the emission band is conserved until room temperature is reached, which could be explained if the nanostructures are considered to be almost amorphous.

X-ray absorption spectroscopyPhotoluminescenceNanostructureMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsAlloyengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSelf assembledAmorphous solidWavelengthengineeringQuantumphysica status solidi (a)
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Thin plastic foil X-ray optics with spiral geometry

2007

Winding a plastic foil ribbon into spiral cylinder or spiral cones we can design and build single or multiple reflection X-ray grazing incidence focusing optics with potential applications in Astronomy as well as experimental physics. The use of thin plastic foils from common industrial applications and of a mounting technique which does not require the construction of mandrels make these optics very cost effective. A spiral geometry focusing optic produces an annular image of a point source with the angular size of the annulus depending mainly on the pitch of the winding and the focal length. We use a ray-tracing code to evaluate the performances of cylindrical, and double conical spiral g…

X-ray instrumentation; grazing incidence opticsPhysicsbusiness.industryX-ray opticsGeometryConical surfaceOpticsX-ray instrumentationX-ray instrumentation grazing incidence opticsgrazing incidence opticsAnnulus (firestop)Reflection (physics)Focal lengthCylinderRay tracing (graphics)businessSpiralSPIE Proceedings
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Preparation and XAFS studies of organotin(IV) complexes with adenosine and related compounds and calf thymus DNA

2007

Complexes of adenosine and related compounds (adenosine-5’-monophosphate, adenosine-5’-triphosphate and pyridoxal-5-phosphate) with Bu2SnO and/or BuSnCl2 were prepared in the solid state. The compositions of the complexes were determined by standard analytical methods. It was found that the complexes contain the organotin(IV) moiety and the ligand in a ratio of 1:1. The FT-IR spectra demonstrated that Bu2SnO reacts with the D-ribose moiety of the ligands, while Bu2SnCl2 is coordinated to the deprotonated phosphate group. The basic part of the ligands does not participate directly in complex formation. Comparison of the experimental Mossbauer Δ (quadrupole splitting) values with those calcul…

XAFS organotin(IV) DNA Mossbauer FT-IRExtended X-ray absorption fine structureChemistryLigandStereochemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthQuadrupole splittingPollutionMedicinal chemistryAnalytical ChemistryX-ray absorption fine structureBond lengthDeprotonationNuclear Energy and EngineeringSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaMössbauer spectroscopyMoietyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSpectroscopyJournal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
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