Search results for "M2"
showing 10 items of 256 documents
Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce in human hepatoma HepG2 cells acetylation of p53 and histones in correlation with apoptotic effects
2007
This report shows that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) induced apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Trichostatin A (TSA), ITF2357 and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), which were very effective agents, caused apoptotic effects after a lag phase of 12-16 h. In order to elucidate the mechanism of HDACIs action in HepG2 cells we have studied the effects of TSA, ITF2357 and SAHA on acetylation of p53 and histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. It was observed that HDACIs rapidly induced acetylation of these proteins, being the effects clearly visible already at 30 min of treatment at the same doses which caused apoptosis. Analysis of the immunocomple…
The plasma membrane channel ORAI1 mediates detrimental calcium influx caused by endogenous oxidative stress.
2013
The mouse hippocampal cell line HT22 is an excellent model for studying the consequences of endogenous oxidative stress. Addition of extracellular glutamate depletes the cells of glutathione (GSH) by blocking the glutamate-cystine antiporter system x(c)(-). GSH is the main antioxidant in neurons and its depletion induces a well-defined program of cell death called oxytosis, which is probably synonymous with the iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death termed ferroptosis. Oxytosis is characterized by an increase of reactive oxygen species and a strong calcium influx preceding cell death. We found a significant reduction in store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in glutamate-resistant HT2…
The MDM2-p53 pathway is involved in preconditioning-induced neuronal tolerance to ischemia
2018
Brain preconditioning (PC) refers to a state of transient tolerance against a lethal insult that can be evoked by a prior mild event. It is thought that PC may induce different pathways responsible for neuroprotection, which may involve the attenuation of cell damage pathways, including the apoptotic cell death. In this context, p53 is a stress sensor that accumulates during brain ischemia leading to neuronal death. The murine double minute 2 gene (MDM2), a p53-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, is the main cellular antagonist of p53, mediating its degradation by the proteasome. Here, we study the role of MDM2-p53 pathway on PC-induced neuroprotection both in cultured neurons (in vitro) and rat …
L'enseignement des langues à l'école élémentaire
1995
International audience; Ce rapport est basé sur une enquête longitudinale qui a consisté à suivre pendant deux ans un échantillon de 1500 élèves entrant au collège. Certains de ces élèves avaient bénéficié d'un enseignement de l'anglais à l'école primaire dans le cadre d'une expérimentation mise en place par le ministère de l'Éducation nationale, d'autres débutaient cet apprentissage au collège. Le dispositif d'évaluation mis en place a permis de conduire deux types d'analyses. D'une part, on a décrit l'effet d'un certain nombre de facteurs qui déterminent le niveau atteint en anglais par les élèves aux différentes étapes de la scolarité. D'autre part, on a mesuré l'impact de l'expérimentat…
BARGAINING WITH COMMITMENT UNDER AN UNCERTAIN DEADLINE
2006
We consider an infinite horizon bargaining game in which a deadline can arise with positive probability and where players possess an endogenous commitment device. We show that for any truncation of the game, the equilibrium agreement can only take place if the deadline arises within this finite horizon. Since the deadline is an uncertain event, the equilibrium exhibits agreements which are delayed with positive probability.
THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ROMANIA’S PARTICIPATION IN DIGITAL ECONOMY
2012
To participate in the digital economy, for a nation, it is imperative the need to adopt ICT, but not only at companies and individuals levels but also on the entire society. The national ICT adoption is significant especially in sustainable economic development of Romania. The degree to which Romania join the digital economy is influenced by measures and policies adopted by the government. The Government should facilitate, motivate and support the adoption of ICT at all three levels: individual, entrepreneurial and governmental. A nation cannot benefit from participation in digital economy when the government vision on the use of modern technology is not sufficiently developed. If Romania w…
Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the G…
2022
Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution.Methods: We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure–response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regress…
A product space reformulation with reduced dimension for splitting algorithms
2021
AbstractIn this paper we propose a product space reformulation to transform monotone inclusions described by finitely many operators on a Hilbert space into equivalent two-operator problems. Our approach relies on Pierra’s classical reformulation with a different decomposition, which results in a reduction of the dimension of the outcoming product Hilbert space. We discuss the case of not necessarily convex feasibility and best approximation problems. By applying existing splitting methods to the proposed reformulation we obtain new parallel variants of them with a reduction in the number of variables. The convergence of the new algorithms is straightforwardly derived with no further assump…
An Adaptive Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers
2021
AbstractThe alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is a powerful splitting algorithm for linearly constrained convex optimization problems. In view of its popularity and applicability, a growing attention is drawn toward the ADMM in nonconvex settings. Recent studies of minimization problems for nonconvex functions include various combinations of assumptions on the objective function including, in particular, a Lipschitz gradient assumption. We consider the case where the objective is the sum of a strongly convex function and a weakly convex function. To this end, we present and study an adaptive version of the ADMM which incorporates generalized notions of convexity and penalty…
Transcription of genes in the biosynthetic pathway for fumonisin mycotoxins is epigenetically and differentially regulated in the fungal maize pathog…
2012
ABSTRACT When the fungal pathogen Gibberella moniliformis (anamorph, Fusarium verticillioides ) colonizes maize and maize-based products, it produces class B fumonisin (FB) mycotoxins, which are a significant threat to human and animal health. FB biosynthetic enzymes and accessory proteins are encoded by a set of clustered and cotranscribed genes collectively named FUM, whose molecular regulation is beginning to be unraveled by researchers. FB accumulation correlates with the amount of transcripts from the key FUM genes, FUM1 , FUM21 , and FUM8 . In fungi in general, gene expression is often partially controlled at the chromatin level in secondary metabolism; when this is the case, the deac…