Search results for "Mace"

showing 10 items of 4713 documents

Identification of Patulin from Penicillium coprobium as a Toxin for Enteric Neurons

2019

The identification and characterization of fungal commensals of the human gut (the mycobiota) is ongoing, and the effects of their various secondary metabolites on the health and disease of the host is a matter of current research. While the neurons of the central nervous system might be affected indirectly by compounds from gut microorganisms, the largest peripheral neuronal network (the enteric nervous system) is located within the gut and is exposed directly to such metabolites. We analyzed 320 fungal extracts and their effect on the viability of a human neuronal cell line (SH-SY5Y), as well as their effects on the viability and functionality of the most effective compound on primary ent…

Central nervous systemPharmaceutical SciencemicrobiomeBiologymedicine.disease_causeAnalytical ChemistryMicrobiologyPatulinlcsh:QD241-44103 medical and health sciencesPolyketidechemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyenteric nervous systemlcsh:Organic chemistrymycotoxinsDrug DiscoverymedicineMicrobiomePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryfusarium030304 developmental biologyCalcium signaling0303 health sciencesToxinOrganic Chemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food science<i>Penicillium</i>medicine.anatomical_structurechemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Cell cultureMolecular Medicinegastrointestinal systemEnteric nervous systemfungiMolecules
researchProduct

Halogenated derivatives of boldine with high selectivity for alpha1A-adrenoceptors in rat cerebral cortex.

1999

The selectivity of 3-nitrosoboldine and different halogenated derivatives of boldine (3-bromoboldine, 3,8-dibromoboldine and 3-chloroboldine) for alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes was studied by examining [3H]-prazosin competition binding in rat cerebral cortex. In the competition experiments [3H]-prazosin binding was inhibited completely by all the compounds tested. The inhibition curves displayed shallow slopes which could be subdivided into high and low affinity components. The relative order of affinity and selectivity for alpha1A-adrenoceptors was 3-bromoboldine = 3,8-dibromoboldine = 3-chloroboldineboldine3-nitrosoboldine. The competition curves for 3-bromoboldine remained shallow and biph…

Cerebral CortexAporphinesChemistryStereochemistryHigh selectivityGeneral MedicinePrazosinBinding CompetitiveGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyRatschemistry.chemical_compoundDiltiazemStructure-Activity Relationshipmedicine.anatomical_structureHalogensCerebral cortexα1a adrenoceptorReceptors Adrenergic alpha-1medicineBoldineAnimalsFemaleGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsRats WistarLife sciences
researchProduct

Antiparasitic Effect of Stilbene and Terphenyl Compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi Parasites

2021

AbstractBackgroundChagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. No progress in the treatment of this pathology has been made since Nifurtimox was introduced more than fifty years ago and is considered very aggressive and may cause several adverse effects. Currently, this drug has severe limitations, including high frequency of undesirable side effects and limited efficacy and availability and the research to discover new drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease is imperative. Many drugs available in the market are natural products as found in nature or compounds designed based on the str…

Chagas diseaseAntiparasiticmedicine.drug_classTrypanosoma cruzi<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>Pharmaceutical ScienceParasitemiaPharmacologyTrypanosoma cruzi.Pharmacy and materia medicaDrug DiscoverymedicineCytotoxic T cellStilbene ST18NifurtimoxAmastigoteTrypanosoma cruzibiologyChemistryR<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>; stilbene ST18; terphenyl TR4biology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseRS1-441TrypanosomaMedicineMolecular MedicineTerphenyl TR4medicine.drugPharmaceuticals
researchProduct

S-Methylisothioharnstoffe, Bausteine kettenverzweigter Cimetidin-DerivateS-Methylisothioureas, Synthons for Chain-Branched Cimetidine Derivates

1987

A partir de S,S-dimethyl N-cyano dithiocarbonimidate et d'amino-2' alkyl (ramifie) thiomethyl-4 methyl-5 imidazoles (A), synthese des derives de A substitues sur l'amino-2' par [cyanoimino methylthiomethyle]

Chain (algebraic topology)ChemistryStereochemistryDrug DiscoverySynthonmedicinePharmaceutical Scienceheterocyclic compoundsCimetidinemedicine.drugArchiv der Pharmazie
researchProduct

Cissampeloflavone, a chalcone-flavone dimer from Cissampelos pareira

2003

From the aerial parts of Cissampelos pareira L. (Menispermaceae), a chalcone-flavone dimer has been isolated which, mainly from NMR spectroscopic and MS data, was proved to be 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-furano[3,2-g]benzopyran-4-one. This has been assigned the trivial name cissampeloflavone. The compound has good activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei rhodesiense and has a low toxicity to the human KB cell line.

ChalconeMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopymedicine.drug_classStereochemistryDimerAntiprotozoal AgentsPlant ScienceHorticultureBiologyPharmacognosyBiochemistryFlavonesKB Cellschemistry.chemical_compoundChalconemedicineAnimalsHumansMenispermaceaeTrypanosoma cruziMolecular BiologyFlavonoidschemistry.chemical_classificationEukaryotaGeneral MedicineCissampelosPlant Components Aerialbiology.organism_classificationAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicchemistryCissampelos pareiraAntiprotozoalDimerizationPhytochemistry
researchProduct

Phenylsulphonyl urenyl chalcone derivatives as dual inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase

2005

Two series of phenylsulphonyl urenyl chalcone derivatives (UCH) with various patterns of substitution were tested for their effects on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) overproduction in RAW 264.7 macrophages. None of the tested compounds reduced NO production more than 50% at 10 microM but most of them inhibited the generation of PGE2 with IC50 values under the micromolar range. Me-UCH 1, Me-UCH 5, Me-UCH 9, Cl-UCH 1, and Cl-UCH 9 were selected to evaluate their influence on human leukocyte functions and eicosanoids generation. These derivatives selectively inhibited cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity in human monocytes being Me-UCH 5 the most potent (IC50 0.06 microM). Selecte…

ChalconeNeutrophilsNitric OxideLeukotriene B4DinoprostoneGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell LineNitric oxideMiceStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundChalconesmedicineAnimalsHumansCyclooxygenase InhibitorsLipoxygenase InhibitorsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsProstaglandin E2IC50Molecular StructurebiologySuperoxideMacrophagesElastaseGeneral MedicinechemistryBiochemistryCyclooxygenase 2MyeloperoxidaseArachidonate 5-lipoxygenasebiology.proteinmedicine.drugLife Sciences
researchProduct

Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of chalcone derivatives

1998

Chalcones and their derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity. In vitro, chalcones 2, 4, 8, 10 and 13 inhibited degranulation and 5-lipoxygenase in human neutrophils, whereas 11 behaved as scavenger of superoxide. Only four compounds (4-7) inhibited cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity. The majority of these samples showed anti-inflammatory effects in the mouse air pouch model.

ChalconeNeutrophilsmedicine.drug_classLeukotriene B4Clinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceLeukotriene B4BiochemistryChemical synthesisAnti-inflammatoryMiceStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundChalconeIn vivoDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsHumansCyclooxygenase InhibitorsLipoxygenase InhibitorsMolecular BiologyPropiophenonesArachidonate 5-LipoxygenaseCyclooxygenase 2 InhibitorsMolecular StructureChemistrySuperoxideAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalOrganic ChemistryDegranulationMembrane ProteinsIn vitroIsoenzymesBiochemistryCyclooxygenase 2Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide SynthasesDrug DesignMolecular MedicineBioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry Letters
researchProduct

Cytotoxicity of two naturally occurring flavonoids (dorsmanin F and poinsettifolin B) towards multi-factorial drug-resistant cancer cells.

2015

Abstract Introduction The expression of diverse resistance mechanisms in cancer cells is one of the major barriers to successful cancer chemotherapy. Methods In the present study, we assessed the cytotoxicity of two naturally occurring flavonoids dorsmanin F ( 1 , a flavanone) and poinsettifolin B ( 2 , a chalcone) against 9 drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these compounds, whilst caspase-Glo assay was used to detect caspase activation. Cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were all analysed via flow cytometry. Results Compounds 1 and…

ChalconePharmaceutical ScienceApoptosisPharmacologyBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50ChalconesCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineCytotoxic T cellHumansDoxorubicinCytotoxicityPharmacologyFlavonoidsMembrane Potential MitochondrialMolecular StructureCell CycleCell cycleMolecular biologyAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicDrug Resistance MultipleComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryApoptosisDrug Resistance NeoplasmCaspasesCancer cellMolecular MedicineReactive Oxygen SpeciesFlavanonemedicine.drugPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
researchProduct

Cytotoxicity and modes of action of 4'-hydroxy-2',6'-dimethoxychalcone and other flavonoids toward drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cell…

2014

Abstract Introduction Resistance of cancer to chemotherapy is a main cause in treatment failure. Naturally occurring chalcones possess a wide range of biological activities including anti-cancer effects. In this work, we evaluated the antiproliferative activity of three chalcones [4′-hydroxy-2′,6′-dimethoxychalcone ( 1 ), cardamomin ( 2 ), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-3′,6′-dimethoxychalcone ( 3 )], and four flavanones [( S )-(–)-pinostrobin ( 4 ), ( S )-(–)-onysilin ( 5 ) and alpinetin ( 6 )] toward nine cancer cell lines amongst which were multidrug resistant (MDR) types. Methods The resazurin reduction assay was used to detect the antiproliferative activity of the studied samples whilst flow cytometr…

ChalconePharmaceutical ScienceApoptosisPharmacologyBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50ChalconesCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansCytotoxicityPharmacologyFlavonoidsMembrane Potential MitochondrialMolecular StructurePlant ExtractsCancerHep G2 CellsCell cyclemedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicDrug Resistance MultipleMultiple drug resistanceLeukemiaComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryApoptosisCell cultureDrug Resistance NeoplasmMolecular MedicinePolygonumReactive Oxygen SpeciesPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
researchProduct

Cytotoxicity of three naturally occurring flavonoid derived compounds (artocarpesin, cycloartocarpesin and isobavachalcone) towards multi-factorial d…

2015

Abstract Introduction Cancer remains an aggressive deadly disease, if drug resistance develops. This problem is aggravated by the fact that multiple rather than single mechanisms are involved in resistance and that multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomena cause inefficacy of many clinical established anticancer drugs. We are seeking for novel cytotoxic phytochemicals to combat drug-resistant tumour cells. Methods In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of three naturally occurring flavonoids including two flavones artocarpesin (1) and cycloartocarpesin (2) and one chalcone, isobavachalcone (3) against 9 drug-sensitive and MDR cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was u…

ChalconePharmaceutical SciencePharmacologyBiologyFlavoneschemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50ChalconesCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineCytotoxic T cellHumansCytotoxicityPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationMembrane Potential MitochondrialMolecular StructureCell CycleCell cyclemedicine.diseaseFlavonesAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicDrug Resistance MultipleMultiple drug resistanceLeukemiaComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryDrug Resistance NeoplasmCaspasesCancer cellMolecular MedicineReactive Oxygen SpeciesPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
researchProduct