Search results for "Mathematical physics"

showing 10 items of 2687 documents

Extension theory and the calculus of butterflies

2016

Abstract This paper provides a unified treatment of two distinct viewpoints concerning the classification of group extensions: the first uses weak monoidal functors, the second classifies extensions by means of suitable H 2 -actions. We develop our theory formally, by making explicit a connection between (non-abelian) G-torsors and fibrations. Then we apply our general framework to the classification of extensions in a semi-abelian context, by means of butterflies [1] between internal crossed modules. As a main result, we get an internal version of Dedecker's theorem on the classification of extensions of a group by a crossed module. In the semi-abelian context, Bourn's intrinsic Schreier–M…

TorsorCrossed moduleContext (language use)01 natural sciencesCohomologyCohomology; Extension; Fibrations; Obstruction theory; Schreier-mac lane theorem; TorsorsExtensionMathematics::Category Theory0103 physical sciences0101 mathematicsConnection (algebraic framework)MathematicsAlgebra and Number TheoryFunctorGroup (mathematics)010102 general mathematicsTorsorsExtension (predicate logic)Obstruction theorySchreier-mac lane theoremCohomologyFibrationsAlgebraSettore MAT/02 - AlgebraSchreier–Mac Lane theoremSettore MAT/03 - Geometria010307 mathematical physicsObstruction theory
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Trace and density results on regular trees

2019

We give characterizations for the existence of traces for first order Sobolev spaces defined on regular trees.

Trace (linear algebra)Mathematics::Analysis of PDEsBoundary (topology)01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Potential theorySet (abstract data type)Combinatoricsregular treeMathematics - Metric Geometry0103 physical sciencesEuclidean geometryClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematicsdensityMathematics::Functional Analysis010102 general mathematicsMetric Geometry (math.MG)Functional Analysis (math.FA)Sobolev spaceMathematics - Functional AnalysisMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs010307 mathematical physicsTree (set theory)46E35 30L99funktionaalianalyysiAnalysisboundary traceNewtonian space
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Local maximal operators on fractional Sobolev spaces

2016

In this note we establish the boundedness properties of local maximal operators MG on the fractional Sobolev spaces Ws;p(G) whenever G is an open set in Rn, 0 < s < 1 and 1 < p < 1. As an application, we characterize the fractional (s;p)-Hardy inequality on a bounded open set by a Maz'ya-type testing condition localized to Whitney cubes. pq(G) whenever G is an open set in R n , 0 < s < 1 and 1 < p;q <1. Our main focus lies in the mapping properties of MG on a fractional Sobolev space W s;p (G) with 0 < s < 1 and 1 < p < 1, see Section 2 for the denition or (3) for a survey of this space. The intrinsically dened function space W s;p (G) on a given domain G coincides with the trace space F s …

Trace spaceFunction spaceGeneral MathematicsOpen setSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesDomain (mathematical analysis)CombinatoricsHardy inequality0103 physical sciencesClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics46E350101 mathematicsfractional Sobolev spaceMathematicsMathematics::Functional Analysista111010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis42B25 46E35 47H99Functional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisSobolev spaceSection (category theory)Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsBounded function47H99010307 mathematical physics42B25local maximal operator
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TWO-LANE TRAFFIC WITH PLACES OF OBSTRUCTION TO TRAFFIC

2004

As the Nagel–Schreckenberg model (NaSch model) became known as a realistic approach to describe traffic flow on single-lane streets, this model was extended to two-lane traffic by several groups. On the base of our two-lane model, we will now investigate the impact of a place of obstruction, e.g., because of road works, on partial fractions, densities and mean velocities.

Traffic congestion reconstruction with Kerner's three-phase theoryComputer scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsTraffic flowBase (topology)Nagel–Schreckenberg modelCellular automatonComputer Science ApplicationsComputational Theory and MathematicsThree-phase traffic theoryTraffic bottleneckAlgorithmMathematical PhysicsSimulationTraffic waveInternational Journal of Modern Physics C
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Highly transitive actions of free products

2013

We characterize free products admitting a faithful and highly transitive action. In particular, we show that the group $\PSL_2(\Z)\simeq (\Z/2\Z)*(\Z/3\Z)$ admits a faithful and highly transitive action on a countable set.

Transitive actionHighly transitive actionsMSC: Primary: 20B22 20E06Group Theory (math.GR)01 natural sciencesBaire category Theorem[MATH.MATH-GR]Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]CombinatoricsFree products0103 physical sciencesFOS: MathematicsCountable set0101 mathematics20B22MathematicsTransitive relation20E06Group (mathematics)Mathematics::Operator Algebras010102 general mathematics20E06 20B2216. Peace & justiceFree productBaire category theorem010307 mathematical physicsGeometry and TopologyMathematics - Group Theory
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Non-wandering sets with non-empty interiors

2003

We study diffeomorphisms of a closed connected manifold whose non-wandering set has a non-empty interior and conjecture that C1-generic diffeomorphisms whose non-wandering set has a non-empty interior are transitive. We prove this conjecture in three cases: hyperbolic diffeomorphisms, partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms with two hyperbolic bundles, and tame diffeomorphisms (in the first case, the conjecture is folklore; in the second one, it follows by adapting the proof in Brin (1975 Topological transitivity of a certain class of dynamical systems, and flows of frames on manifolds of negative curvature Funct. Anal. Appl. 9 9–19)).We study this conjecture without global assumptions and pro…

Transitive relationPure mathematicsClass (set theory)Mathematics::Dynamical SystemsConjectureDynamical systems theoryApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyHyperbolic manifoldStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsManifoldSet (abstract data type)Homoclinic orbitMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical PhysicsMathematicsNonlinearity
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Transverse instability of periodic and generalized solitary waves for a fifth-order KP model

2017

We consider a fifth-order Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation which arises as a two-dimensional model in the classical water-wave problem. This equation possesses a family of generalized line solitary waves which decay exponentially to periodic waves at infinity. We prove that these solitary waves are transversely spectrally unstable and that this instability is induced by the transverse instability of the periodic tails. We rely upon a detailed spectral analysis of some suitably chosen linear operators.

Transverse instabilitymedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciences35Q53 (Primary) 76B15 76B25 35B35 35P15 (Secondary)Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)01 natural sciencesInstabilityMathematics - Analysis of PDEsgeneralized solitary wavesdispersive equationsFOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Spectral analysistransverse stability0101 mathematicsperiodic wavesNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsMathematical Physicsmedia_commonPhysicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisOrder (ring theory)Mathematical Physics (math-ph)InfinityNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons010101 applied mathematicsClassical mechanicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsLine (geometry)Mechanical waveAnalysisLongitudinal waveAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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The Stockholm–Mainz ion trap project

1993

A new ion trap facility is described which is dedicated to studies of highly charged ions in a Penning trap. Such a trap will be connected to sources of highly charged ions, in particular the electron beam ion source CRYSIS, at the Manne Siegbahn Institute for Physics. The use of highly charged ions in a Penning trap increases the cyclotron frequency with a factor proportional to the charge which leads to a higher resolution. Also, the possibility to vary the charge state makes it possible to search for and identify different systematic effects. Thus, a substantial increase in accuracy can be expected. In addition, the combination of high charge state ions and a Penning trap allows new appl…

Trap (computing)PhysicsIon trapGeonium atomAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsIon gunPenning trapMathematical PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIon sourceElectron ionizationIonPhysica Scripta
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THE IMPACT OF ELECTION RESULTS ON THE MEMBER NUMBERS OF THE LARGE PARTIES IN BAVARIA AND GERMANY

2005

In this paper, we investigate the relations between the numbers of members of various parties and their results in the elections in Bavaria and in Germany. Deriving from the finding that there is a strong time-delayed correlation between these data-sets for the two largest parties in Bavaria, we show in a simulation based on the Sznajd model that such a correlation leads to very stable majorities, just as in Bavaria.

Trend analysisComputational Theory and MathematicsSznajd modelPolitical scienceEconometricsGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsTime seriesSocial organizationSimulation basedMathematical PhysicsComputer Science ApplicationsInternational Journal of Modern Physics C
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Violet Diode Laser in Time-Resolved Stored-Ion Spectroscopy

2004

Lifetime measurements of the metastable 3d D-2(3/2) level in singly charged calcium were performed using the newly developed violet diode laser operated in an external cavity arrangement. The laser was employed on stored ions at the CRYRING facility to optically pump the resonance line at 397 nm. In combination with laser probing at 866 nm this detection scheme gave the possibility to record the lifetime of this level. which has a radiative lifetime of about 1 s.

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopyMaterials sciencebusiness.industryCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonlaw.inventionX-ray laserlawMetastabilityRadiative transferOptoelectronicsbusinessSpectroscopyMathematical PhysicsDiodePhysica Scripta
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