Search results for "Maxim"

showing 10 items of 1236 documents

Charge carrier concentration optimization of thermoelectric p-type half-Heusler compounds

2015

The carrier concentration in the p-type half-Heusler compound Ti0.3Zr0.35Hf0.35CoSb1−xSnx was optimized, which is a fundamental approach to enhance the performance of thermoelectric materials. The optimum carrier concentration is reached with a substitution level x = 0.15 of Sn, which yields the maximum power factor, 2.69 × 10−3 W m−1 K−2, and the maximum ZT = 0.8. This is an enhancement of about 40% in the power factor and the figure of merit compared to samples with x = 0.2. To achieve low thermal conductivities in half-Heusler compounds, intrinsic phase separation is an important key point. The present work addresses the influence of different preparation procedures on the quality and re…

Materials scienceFabricationMaximum power principlelcsh:BiotechnologyGeneral EngineeringAnalytical chemistryPower factorThermoelectric materialslcsh:QC1-999Thermal conductivitylcsh:TP248.13-248.65Thermoelectric effectFigure of meritGeneral Materials ScienceCharge carrierlcsh:PhysicsAPL Materials
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A Monte Carlo study of intersource effects in dome-type applicators loaded with LDR Cs-137 sources

2005

In this study, the dose rate distributions produced by low dose rate Cs-137 sources loaded in afterloadable dome applicators are studied using the Monte Carlo method. Dose differences between Monte Carlo results and calculations done using the superposition principle are within 1-3% in front of the applicator and between 3 and 10% near and along the longitudinal source axis. Consequently, the real doses to lateral vaginal wall, rectum and bladder are very close to the doses estimated applying the superposition principle, while the dose to the vaginal cuff has been overestimated by up to 10%.

Materials scienceMaximum Tolerated DoseBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodRadiationSensitivity and SpecificityVaginal wallDome (geology)Superposition principleOpticsHumansDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLow dose rateEquipment Safetybusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedDose-Response Relationship RadiationRadiotherapy DosageEquipment DesignHematologyOncologyDose rateNuclear medicinebusinessMonte Carlo MethodRadiotherapy and Oncology
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Modeling and parameter identification of crystalline silicon photovoltaic devices

2011

This paper tests the standard single-exponential model of the electrical characteristics of crystalline-Si photovoltaic devices, focusing on the (apparent) shunt current. Measured characteristics of illuminated polycrystalline-Si photovoltaic modules are modeled, and the apparent shunt current is analyzed. It is shown that an Ohmic-like behavior only takes place at voltages well below the maximum-power point. At higher voltages, the apparent shunt current quickly drops to negligible values. Modeling a crystalline-Si PV device with a fixed shunt resistance may therefore lead to underestimation of the maximum power exceeding 10% at certain irradiance levels.

Materials scienceMaximum power principleSiliconbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemElectrical engineeringIrradianceSemiconductor device modelingchemistry.chemical_elementchemistryOptoelectronicsCrystalline siliconbusinessShunt (electrical)Voltage2011 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)
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Optical absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance of theEα′center in amorphous silicon dioxide

2008

We report a combined study by optical absorption (OA) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy on the E{sub {alpha}}{sup '} point defect in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO{sub 2}). This defect has been studied in {beta}-ray irradiated and thermally treated oxygen-deficient a-SiO{sub 2} materials. Our results have pointed out that the E{sub {alpha}}{sup '} center is responsible for an OA Gaussian band peaked at {approx}5.8 eV and having a full width at half maximum of {approx}0.6 eV. The estimated oscillator strength of the related electronic transition is {approx}0.14. Furthermore, we have found that this OA band is quite similar to that of the E{sub {gamma}}{sup '} center in…

Materials scienceOscillator strengthCenter (category theory)Condensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectMolecular electronic transitionElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionFull width at half maximumParamagnetismCrystallographylawAbsorption (logic)Atomic physicsElectron paramagnetic resonancePhysical Review B
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The controlled growth of GaN microrods on Si(111) substrates by MOCVD

2015

Abstract In this paper, a selective area growth (SAG) approach for growing GaN microrods on patterned SiN x /Si(111) substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is studied. The surface morphology, optical and structural properties of vertical GaN microrods terminated by pyramidal shaped facets (six { 10 1 ¯ 1 } planes) were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), room temperature photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Measurements revealed high-quality GaN microcolumns grown with silane support. Characterized structures were grown nearly strain-free (central frequency of Raman peak of 567±1 cm −1 ) with crystal quality comparable to bu…

Materials sciencePhotoluminescenceScanning electron microscopebusiness.industryNanotechnologyChemical vapor depositionCondensed Matter PhysicsSilaneInorganic ChemistryCrystalFull width at half maximumsymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistrysymbolsOptoelectronicsMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxybusinessRaman spectroscopyJournal of Crystal Growth
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Optical, structural, and morphological characterisation of epitaxial ZnO films grown by pulsed-laser deposition

2013

We report on ZnO epitaxial growth by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) on different substrates, such as quartz, sapphire, and GaN template. Approximately 1 mu m-thick films were grown under different substrate temperatures and background oxygen conditions. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated preferential growth along the c-axis direction with a full-width at half maximum(FWHM) of the rocking curve as narrow as 230 arcs in the case of the GaN template. Low-temperature photoluminescence showed A-excitonic emission near 3.36 eV and a FWHM of (DXA)-X-0 emission as small as 2.89 meV at 9 K. Atomic force microscope measurements showed that roughness as low as 18 nm could be obtained. These results p…

Materials sciencePhotoluminescenceStructural propertiesbusiness.industryMetals and AlloysPulsed laser depositionSurfaces and InterfacesSubstrate (electronics)EpitaxySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulsed laser depositionFull width at half maximumCrystallinityOpticsSurface roughnessZinc oxidePulsed laser deposition Zinc oxide Photoluminescence Structural properties Surface roughness.Materials ChemistrySapphireOptoelectronicsLuminescencebusinessPhotoluminescence
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Vacuum ultraviolet excitation of the 1.9-eV emission band related to nonbridging oxygen hole centers in silica

2004

Physical review / B 69, 153201 (2004). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.69.153201

Materials scienceRelaxation (NMR)Center (category theory)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter Physicsmedicine.disease_cause530Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFull width at half maximumExcited statemedicineAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsddc:530Atomic physicsLuminescenceExcitationUltravioletPhysical Review B
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Nd:KGW Laser under Flashlamp-pumping at Repetition Rate up to 50 Hz and Average Power of 70 W (free-lasing and Q-switched mode)

1997

The laser performance of Nd:KGd(WO4)2 crystal or Nd:KGW has been studied under flashlamp-pumping in the free-running and Q-switched mode (with active or passive Q-switching) at repetition rate up to 50 Hz. Maximum output powers respectively of 70 and 30 W were achieved at 1.06 pm with a maximum efficiency of 6%. Free-running emission was also obtained at 1.35 pm with a maximum average power of 24 W and a total efficiency of 2.9% at this wavelength. A comparison with a similar Nd:YAG crystal is given showing a noticeable advantage for Nd:KGW.

Materials scienceRepetition (rhetorical device)business.industryMode (statistics)Laserlaw.inventionPower (physics)Maximum efficiencyCrystalWavelengthOpticslawbusinessLasing thresholdAdvanced Solid State Lasers
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Electrical measurements in µ-EDM

2008

The phenomena occurring between the electrodes in electric discharge machining when manufacturing features on the micro-metre scale (µ-EDM) is not fully understood. Poor quantitative knowledge of the sources of variability affecting this process hinders the identification of its natural tolerance limits. Moreover, improvements in measuring systems contribute to the acquisition of new information that often conflicts with existent theoretical models of this process. The prime objective of this paper is to advance the experimental knowledge of µ-EDM by providing a measurement framework for the electrical discharges. The effects of the electrodes metallic materials (Ag, Ni, Ti, W) on the elect…

Materials scienceRestricted maximum likelihoodbusiness.industryTKMechanical EngineeringSystem of measurementProcess (computing)Electrical engineeringMechanical engineeringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical discharge machiningMachiningMechanics of MaterialsElectrodeElectrical measurementsTJElectrical and Electronic EngineeringQAbusinessVoltageJournal of Micromechanics and Microengineering
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Assessment of a New Analytical Expression for the Maximum-Power Point Voltage with Series Resistance

2021

This work compares a recently developed analytical expression for the maximum-power point voltage with experimental data, to test its usability for crystalline silicon solar cells. The experimental data covers measurements from 18 multicrystalline silicon solar cells with different bulk resistivities and cell architectures. We show that the expression is able to predict the maximum power obtainable by the measured cells with relative discrepancies below 1%. Additionally, we compare the accuracy of this new expression with two already existing models.

Materials scienceSiliconchemistryMaximum power principleEquivalent series resistancechemistry.chemical_elementExperimental dataPoint (geometry)Crystalline siliconExpression (mathematics)Computational physicsVoltage2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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