Search results for "Measurement"
showing 10 items of 2918 documents
Bending test for capturing the fractional visco-elastic parameters: theoretical and experimental investigation on giant reeds
2014
In this paper attention is devoted on searching a proper model for characterizing the behavior of giant reeds. To aim at this, firstly, meticulous experimental tests have been performed in the Laboratory of structural materials of University of Palermo. Further, the novel aspect of this paper is that of using an advanced Euler-Bernoulli model to fit experimental data of bending tests. Such a model of continuum beam takes into account different constitutive laws of visco-elasticity, being real materials visco-elastic.
A phenomenological model for the quantitative interpretation of partial suspension conditions in stirred vessels
2000
Publisher Summary Many important chemical engineering operations involve the suspension of solid particles in a liquid phase inside stirred tanks. Relevant examples include adsorption, crystallization, dissolution, leaching, precipitation, ion exchange and catalytic multiphase processes. This chapter describes a phenomenological model for the quantitative determination of the suspended solids mass fraction in stirred tanks operated at partial suspension conditions. Experimental data on fractional suspension, obtained by the “Pressure Gauge Technique” in vessels stirred by a downward-pumping pitched-blade-turbine, are presented. Furthermore, model predicted trends are compared with experimen…
Medium Voltage Smart Grid: Experimental Analysis of Secondary Substation Narrow Band Power Line Communication
2013
This paper is focused on the possibility of employing narrow band power line communication (PLC) in medium voltage (MV) distribution networks. The topic is investigated by means of both simulations and experimental tests, which were carried out in the distribution network of Ustica Island. In detail, a two-way MV communication was tested between two secondary substations connected by an MV cable power line. Each substation has a by-pass connection at MV bus-bars and an MV/LV oil filled power transformer. In this paper, the MV and the PLC systems under test are described and the experimental tests are presented, which were carried out to evaluate the parameters of the simulation model. The a…
Electrical characterization of CIGSSe photovoltaic modules
2017
This work describes the electrical characterization of CIG(S,Se) 2 sub-modules in order to compare the related performances with those obtained from traditional silicon photovoltaic modules. This characterization has been performed through means of a test bench, mainly composed by a solar simulator equipment, allowing the determination of the parameters of the prototypes under test at different irradiances and temperatures.
The metrological characterization of the static meters for reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion
2007
For the electricity metering for billing purposes in distribution systems, the static meters are substituting the traditional inductive meters. Thus, the evaluation of the performances of such equipments is required, also in the presence of disturbances affecting the power systems. With respect to this, this paper analyzes the main aspects related to the metrological characterization of the static meters for reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion. Particular attention is given to the reference standard meters, that are not considered by the actual in-force Standards. The analysis is supported by several experimental tests.
Disturbing Load Detection in Three-Wire and Four-Wire Systems Based on Novel Nonactive Powers From IEEE 1459-2000
2010
This paper presents an enhanced approach for the detection of disturbing loads in distorted and/or unbalanced three-phase power systems, both three-wire and four-wire. It is based on the IEEE Std. 1459-2000 effective apparent power resolution, and it requires only the separation of the fundamental components of voltage and current from the remaining harmonic content. In this paper, the formulation of the novel approach is given, and its effectiveness is discussed by means of several simulation tests, which were carried out on a simple test system.
A virtual instrument for the measurement of IEEE Std 1459-2000 power quantities
2006
In this paper, the authors present a PC-based instrument for the measurement of electrical-power quantities defined in IEEE Std. 1459. The instrument is based on a time-domain technique for the detection of the fundamental and harmonic components of voltages and currents. The time-domain strategy was originally developed by the authors for three-phase, three-wire systems. In that paper, the strategy had been extended to both three-phase, four-wire and single-phase systems. Simulation tests were carried out to assess the uncertainty contribution of the proposed strategy in the absence of the measurement transducers. Moreover, the accuracy of the PC-based instrument with its transducers was e…
An harmonic test condition for the metrological characterization and the operating principle identification of reactive static meters
2008
This paper faces the problem of the metrological characterization of the static meters for reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion. Starting from the only available accuracy test condition in the presence of harmonics introduced in the Standards for active static meters, an experimental approach is proposed for the verification of such meters in the presence of harmonic distortion, as well as for the individuation of their operating principle. A theoretical validation of the obtained results is presented by means of a comparison with a standard and a commercial static meter with a known operating principle.
Static meters for the reactive energy in the presence of harmonics: an experimental metrological characterization
2009
Electricity metering plays a crucial role for all the commercial transactions on the energy market. Thus, an accurate evaluation of the performance of the electricity metering equipment is required not only in the reference operating conditions but also in the presence of disturbances affecting the power systems. As regards this matter, this paper analyzes the main aspects related to the metrological characterization of the static meters for the reactive energy in the presence of harmonic distortion. Attention is focused not only to the meters covered by the current standards but also to the meters of better accuracy and to the reference standard meters. The analysis is supported by several…
A New Measurement Method for the Detection of Harmonic Sources in Power Systems Based on the Approach of the IEEE Std. 1459–2000
2010
In this paper, a novel single-point strategy is proposed for the detection of the harmonic sources in power systems. The method is an improvement of a strategy previously proposed by the authors; it is developed from the IEEE Std 1459-2000 approach and it can be entirely implemented in the time domain, thus simplifying the measurement system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated by introducing simple decision-making rules and by taking the presence of the measurement transducers into account. Several simulations and experimental tests are presented, showing that the enhanced strategy is able to give an useful information on the detection of the dominant harmonic source upst…