Search results for "Metabolite"
showing 10 items of 551 documents
Chemical Constituents and Biological Properties of Genus Doronicum (Asteraceae)
2021
The genus Doronicum, belonging to tribe Senecioneae (Fam. Asteraceae), is found mainly in the Asia, Europe and North Africa. This genus of plant has always been used in traditional medicinal treatments due to the many biological properties shown such as killing parasitic worms and for relieving constipation, as well as to improve heart health, to alleviate pain and inflammation, to treat insect bites, etc. According to the World Flora the genus Doronicum contains 39 subordinate taxa.[1-3] The purpose of this article, which covers data published from 1970 to 2021 with more than 110 articles, aims to carry out a complete and critical review of the Doronicum genus, examining traditional uses a…
Histological Change in Cucumber Tissue and Cellulase Activity of Plectosphaerella melonis Strain 502
2022
In the last ten years, many countries around the world recorded a new disease of the Cucurbitaceae, the agent of which was P. melonis. The ability of P. melonis 502 to form intracellular mycelium in the epidermal and parenchymal tissues of roots was shown. Leading tissues (xylem and phloem) did not colonize, which indicates the impossibility of plant vessel clogging and shows the fungus’s biochemical effects on plants, which causes the process of pathogenesis. P. melonis 502 is able to develop in a wide range of pH values, while the pH-optimum is 8.5. P. melonis 502 is able to adjust the pH of the medium to the optimal value—8.5. We also showed that cellulase enzyme synthesis de…
Mind the gap—deficits in our knowledge of aspects impacting the bioavailability of phytochemicals and their metabolites—a position paper focusing on …
2015
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-NoDerivs Licence.-- et al.
Studies on pathways of ring opening of benzene in a Fenton system
1995
Ring-opened products of benzene metabolism have been postulated to play a role in hematotoxicity and leukemogenesis. The reaction of benzene in the Fenton system was reexamined to determine the presence of compounds which might serve as intermediates in the formation of trans, trans-muconaldehyde (MUC), a microsomal hematotoxic metabolite of benzene. Benzene dihydrodiol (DHD) was found in this system based on coelution with authentic standard, ultraviolet (UV) absorption characteristics, and molecular weight. Incubation of DHD in the Fenton system resulted in the formation of phenol (PH), catechol (CAT), and products which reacted with thiobarbituric acid to form chromogens absorbing at 495…
Influence of the heat treatment on the degradation of the minor Fusarium mycotoxin beauvericin
2012
Abstract Beauvericin (BEA) is a bioactive compound produced by the secondary metabolism of several Fusarium strains and known to have various biological activities. This study investigated the degradation of the minor Fusarium mycotoxin BEA present in the concentration of 5 mg/kg in a model solution and in different crispy breads produced with different flours typologies (corn, hole, wheat, durum wheat, soy and rice) during the heat treatment carried out in an oven at three different temperatures of 160, 180 and 200 °C and at 3, 6, 10, 15 and 20 min incubation. The concentration of the bioactive compound studied, analyzed with the technique of the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrome…
Inhibitory Activity of Shrimp Waste Extracts on Fungal and Oomycete Plant Pathogens
2021
(1) Background: This study was aimed at determining the in vitro inhibitory effect of new natural substances obtained by minimal processing from shrimp wastes on fungi and oomycetes in the genera Alternaria, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Penicillium, Plenodomus and Phytophthora
Antifungal activity of gaseous allyl, benzyl and phenyl isothiocyanate in vitro and their use for fumonisins reduction in bread
2013
Abstract Fumonisins (FBs) are toxins produced mainly by the molds Fusarium verticillioides (synonym Fusarium moniliforme ) and Fusarium proliferatum . These mycotoxins are contaminants of wheat, maize, maize-based foods and other grains worldwide. FB 1 , the most abundant and toxic metabolite, is known to cause a range of species-specific toxic responses. It has been associated with a high incidence of esophageal cancer in the Transkei region of South Africa and some provinces of China. In addition, FB 1 has been declared a class 2B carcinogen or “possibly carcinogenic to humans”. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are natural compounds produced by enzymatic conversion of metabolites called glucosinola…
Metabolite Sensing GPCRs: Promising Therapeutic Targets for Cancer Treatment?
2020
G-protein-coupled receptors constitute the most diverse and largest receptor family in the human genome, with approximately 800 different members identified. Given the well-known metabolic alterations in cancer development, we will focus specifically in the 19 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which can be selectively activated by metabolites. These metabolite sensing GPCRs control crucial processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival after their activation. In the present review, we will describe the main functions of these metabolite sensing GPCRs and shed light on the benefits of their potential use as possible pharmacological targets for cancer treat…
Antimicrobial and Insecticidal: Cyclic Lipopeptides and Hydrogen Cyanide Produced by Plant-Beneficial Pseudomonas Strains CHA0, CMR12a, and PCL1391 C…
2017
Particular groups of plant-beneficial fluorescent pseudomonads are not only root colonizers that provide plant disease suppression, but in addition are able to infect and kill insect larvae. The mechanisms by which the bacteria manage to infest this alternative host, to overcome its immune system, and to ultimately kill the insect are still largely unknown. However, the investigation of the few virulence factors discovered so far, points to a highly multifactorial nature of insecticidal activity. Antimicrobial compounds produced by fluorescent pseudomonads are effective weapons against a vast diversity of organisms such as fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, and protozoa. Here, we investigated whe…
Species-dependent Metabolism of Benzo[c]phenanthrene and Dibenzo[a, l]pyrene by Various CYP450 Isoforms
2000
Abstract The metabolism of benzo[c]phenanthrene (B[c]Ph) and dibenzo[a, l]-pyrene (DB[a, l]P) with various CYP isoforms including rat 1A1, 1A2, 2B1, 2E1, human 1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2A6, 3A4, 2E1 and fish 1A expressed in Chinese hamster V79 cells has been compared. Major differences in the catalytic activities and in the regioselectivity of the eleven CYP isoforms with B[c]Ph and DB[a, l]P as substrates have been observed. There have been found substantially species-specific differences between homologous CYP isoforms at least when human, rat and fish are compared, which have to be taken into account when animal experiments are extrapolated to human. In particular, complementary catalytic activiti…