Search results for "Microbio"

Candida thrombophlebitis in children: a systematic review of the literature

2020

Abstract Objective To describe a case of thrombophlebitis associated with Candida infection and to analyze other published reports to define clinical characteristics, prognostic data, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Study design A computerized search was performed without language restriction using PubMed and Scopus databases. An article was considered eligible for inclusion if it reported cases with Candida thrombophlebitis. Our case was also included in the analysis. Results A total of 16 articles reporting 27 cases of Candida thrombophlebitis were included in our review. The median age of patients was 4 years. In 10 cases there was a thrombophlebitis of peripheral veins; in the re…

Uncertainty about the evidence on untargeted antifungal treatment

2016

N/A

Genotyping and Antifungal Susceptibility of Dipodascus capitatus Isolated in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Sicilian Hospital

2017

In August 2015, Dipodascus capitatus was isolated from two patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Nosocomial acquisition of the fungus was suspected and epidemiological studies were undertaken. The patients were simultaneously hospitalized, and the comparison of the two isolates by two independent molecular typing methods have confirmed clonal dissemination of a single strain of D. capitatus. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was useful for identifying the appropriated antifungal therapy in micafungin. To our knowledge these are the first described cases of neonatal D. capitatus infection and also the first report of successful treatment by micafungin.

Assessment of the Antimicrobial Activity and the Entomocidal Potential of Bacillus thuringiensis Isolates from Algeria.

2017

This work represents the first initiative to analyze the distribution of B. thuringiensis in Algeria and to evaluate the biological potential of the isolates. A total of 157 isolates were recovered, with at least one isolate in 94.4% of the samples. The highest Bt index was found in samples from rhizospheric soil (0.48) and from the Mediterranean area (0.44). Most isolates showed antifungal activity (98.5%), in contrast to the few that had antibacterial activity (29.9%). A high genetic diversity was made evident by the finding of many different crystal shapes and various combinations of shapes within a single isolate (in 58.4% of the isolates). Also, over 50% of the isolates harbored cry1, …

Time-kill assays of amphotericin B plus anidulafungin against Candida tropicalis biofilms formed on two different biomaterials.

2017

Purpose: To determine the fungicidal activity by time-killing assays of amphotericin B (AMB) combined with anidulafungin (ANF) against biofilms of 2 clinical isolates of Candida tropicalis and the reference strain ATCC® 750, developed on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and titanium, using the CDC Biofilm Reactor (CBR) as an in vitro model. Methods: Biofilms were developed for 24 hours on the disk surfaces and then exposed to AMB (40 mg/L), ANF (8 mg/L), alone and combined. At predetermined time points after drug exposure, biofilms were removed from the disk surface by vortexing-sonication to quantify viable biofilm cells. Results: Drug activity was dependent on strain and time. After exposur…

Aspergilosis invasora en el paciente con enfermedad oncohematológica

2018

Invasive aspergillosis is the most common invasive fungal infection in patients with acute hematological malignancies or treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to the marked alteration of the physiological mechanisms of antifungal immunity that takes place in these situations. For this reason, antifungal prophylaxis has a relevant role in these patients. The introduction of new antifungal agents has motivated the updating of recommendations for prophylaxis and treatment in different guidelines. The objectives of this chapter are a brief review of the mechanisms of immunity against fungi, the definition of risk for developing an invasive fungal infection and an update of th…

Untargeted Antifungal Treatment in Nonneutropenic Critically Ill Patients: Should Further Studies Be Performed Based on Trial Sequential Analysis Res…

2018

Dying with or because of invasive fungal infection? The role of immunity exhaustion on patient outcome

2016

De Rosa et al. considered clinical scores, biomarkers and their combination as useful aids for an early antifungal treatment and advocated the adoption of de-escalation therapy in an antifungal stewardship approach as a possible key for a better management of these patients. Authors considered the high burden of invasive fungal infections in terms of patient outcomes and costs and focused on current strategies for their optimization.

Pleomorphic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi induce distinct immune responses.

2016

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of tick-borne Lyme disease. As a response to environmental stress B. burgdorferi can change its morphology to a round body form. The role of B. burgdorferi pleomorphic forms in Lyme disease pathogenesis has long been debated and unclear. Here, we demonstrated that round bodies were processed differently in differentiated macrophages, consequently inducing distinct immune responses compared to spirochetes in vitro. Colocalization analysis indicated that the F-actin participates in internalization of both forms. However, round bodies end up less in macrophage lysosomes than spirochetes suggesting that there are differences in processing of these for…

Analysis of the 3H8 antigen of Candida albicans reveals new aspects of the organization of fungal cell wall proteins.

2017

The walls of both, yeast and mycelial cells of Candida albicans possess a species-specific antigen that is recognized by a monoclonal antibody (MAb 3H8). This antigen can be extracted in the form of a very high Mr complex, close or over 106 Da, by treatment, with β-1,3-glucanase, β mercaptoethanol or dithothreitol, or mild alkali, but not by saturated hydrogen fluoride (HF) in pyridine, suggesting that the complex is bound to wall β-1,3 glucans, and to proteins by disulfide bonds, but not to β-1,6 glucans. Through its sensitivity to trypsin and different deglycosylation procedures, it was concluded that the epitope is associated to a glycoprotein containing N-glycosidic, but not O-glycosidi…