Search results for "Models"

showing 10 items of 8211 documents

Transitions of tethered chain molecules under tension

2014

An applied tension force changes the equilibrium conformations of a polymer chain tethered to a planar substrate and thus affects the adsorption transition as well as the coil-globule and crystallization transitions. Conversely, solvent quality and surface attraction are reflected in equilibrium force-extension curves that can be measured in experiments. To investigate these effects theoretically, we study tethered chains under tension with Wang-Landau simulations of a bond-fluctuation lattice model. Applying our model to pulling experiments on biological molecules we obtain a good description of experimental data in the intermediate force range, where universal features dominate and finite…

Phase transitionQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePhase portraitTension (physics)PolymersGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterModels TheoreticalCritical valuelaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterChemical physicslawPhase (matter)Density of statesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)AdsorptionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCrystallizationLattice model (physics)
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Bet-hedging in diapausing egg hatching of temporary rotifer populations - A review of models and new insights

2014

Habitat unpredictability is a local adaptation factor shaping life-history traits in rotifer populations. It may select for the evolution of bet-hedging through risk-spreading strategies in diapausing egg hatching. This means that a fraction of diapausing eggs in wild populations do not hatch even when the conditions are favorable for population growth. Thus, there is a remaining fraction of viable diapausing eggs standing in the sediments for longer periods. According to theory, it is expected that the incidence of bet-hedging strategies for diapausing egg hatching will be higher in more uncertain habitats. Here, we review the major predictions derived from theoretical models applied to th…

Phenotypic plasticityHatchingEcologyTheoretical modelsRotiferAquatic ScienceBiologybiology.organism_classificationHabitatembryonic structuresGenetic variationPredictabilityEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsLocal adaptationInternational Review of Hydrobiology
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NODAPA-OH and NODAPA-(NCS)n: Synthesis, 68Ga-radiolabelling and in vitro characterisation of novel versatile bifunctional chelators for molecular ima…

2008

This report concerns synthesis, (68)Ga-radiolabelling and stability data of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-diacetic acid-7-p-isothio-cyanatophenyl-acetic acid (NODAPA-NCS), 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1-acetic acid-4,7-di-p-isothiocyanatophenyl-acetic acid (NODAPA-(NCS)(2)) and 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-diacetic acid-7-p-hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid (NODAPA-OH), versatile bifunctional chelators with potential for molecular imaging. Protein binding and exemplified conjugation are also reported.

PhenylacetatesStereochemistryChemistry PharmaceuticalClinical BiochemistryLysinePharmaceutical ScienceGallium RadioisotopesIn Vitro TechniquesBiochemistryChemical synthesisHeterocyclic Compounds 1-Ringchemistry.chemical_compoundHeterocyclic CompoundsDrug DiscoveryChelationBifunctionalMolecular BiologyChelating AgentsPhenylacetatesRadioisotopesOrganic ChemistryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationModels ChemicalchemistryAminosugarDrug DesignIsotope LabelingPositron-Emission TomographyMolecular MedicineChemical stabilityMolecular imagingBioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
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Filodemo, Cicerone, Nepote: a proposito del contesto storico-culturale di Oec. Col. XXII.9-48

2018

Until recently, Philodemus’ treatise On Household Management (Περὶ οἰκονομίας, PHerc. 1424) has been mainly used as a source for the reconstruction of early Epicurean economic thought (especially of Metrodorus’ writing Περὶ πλούτου). Over the past few years, however, scholars have called attention to Philodemus’ creative (yet philosophically orthodox) readaptation of Epicurean ethical and social theories to the needs of contemporary Roman society. Following this scholarly line, the present paper reassesses a passage from On Household Management (col. XXII.9–48) which has so far been interpreted as an unoriginal repetition of Metrodorus’ arguments, and situates it in the cultural context of …

Philodemus Epicureanism ancient economic thought Roman reception of Greek philosophy ethical models and exempla Cicero De re publica Cornelius Nepos biographySettore L-FIL-LET/04 - Lingua E Letteratura Latina
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Effect of Caseinophosphopeptides from αs- and β-Casein on Iron Bioavailability in HuH7 Cells

2015

International audience; Two pools of caseinophosphopeptides (CPPs) obtained from αs- and β-casein fractions (α-CPPs and β-CPPs) were characterized. A total of 16 CPPs were identified in the α-CPPs pool, 9 of them derived from αs1-casein and 7 from αs2-casein. A total of 18 CPPs were identified in the β-CPPs pool. Four of the identified CPPs contained the characteristic phosphoseryl-glutamic acid cluster SpSpSpEE. Calcein assay was used to compare the iron-binding capacity of the α- and β-CPPs pools. At the concentration of 12.5 μM CPPs used in the iron bioavailability assays, β-CPPs pools show greater iron-binding capacity than α-CPPs pools. HuH7 human hepatoma cells show many differentiate…

PhosphopeptidesIronBiological AvailabilitydigestionModels BiologicalMass Spectrometryproduit laitierchemistry.chemical_compoundcaséinophosphopeptideIn vivoCell Line TumorReceptors Transferrinferritine[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringHumanscellule HuH7Chromatography High Pressure LiquidComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSSoluble transferrin receptorbiologytransferrine solubleCaseinsGeneral ChemistryMolecular biologyBioavailabilityFerritinCalceinnutritionchemistryβ caseinBiochemistryFerritinsbiology.proteinGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Photochemistry of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles. A DFT study on photoinduced competitive rearrangements of 3-amino- and 3-N-methylamino-5-perfluoroalkyl-1,2,4-ox…

2006

The photoinduced competitive rearrangements of 5-perfluoroalkyl-3-amino(N-alkylamino)-1,2,4-oxadia- zoles have been investigated by DFT calculations and UV-vis spectroscopy. The observed product selectivity depends on the number of hydrogen atoms present in the amino moiety and involves two or three possible routes: (i) ring contraction-ring expansion (RCRE), (ii) internal-cyclization isomerization (ICI), or (iii) C(3)-N(2) migration-nucleophilic attack-cyclization (MNAC). UV absorption and fluorescence spectra of the reactants, and vertical excitation energy values, calculated by time dependent DFT, support the involvement of a neutral singlet excited state in the photoexcitation process. …

PhotochemistryUltraviolet RaysFluorescence spectrometryReaction intermediatePhotochemistryDENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORYSinglet stateHUMAN 5-HT1B RECEPTORBASIS-SETSOxadiazolesRING-PHOTOISOMERIZATIONMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryEXPEDIENT ROUTETautomerTransition statePhotoexcitationMOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODSModels ChemicalLUORINATED HETEROCYCLIC-COMPOUNDSAROMATICITY INDEXExcited state5-MEMBERED HETEROCYCLESEXCITATION-ENERGIESIsomerization
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Twofold coordinated Ge defects induced by gamma-ray irradiation in Ge-doped SiO2

2008

We report an experimental study by photoluminescence, optical absorption and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance measurements on the effects of exposure of Ge-doped amorphous SiO2 to gamma ray radiation at room temperature. We have evidenced that irradiation at doses of the order of 1 MGy is able to generate Ge-related defects, recognizable from their optical properties as twofold coordinated Ge centers. Until now, such centers, responsible for photosensitivity of Ge-doped SiO2, have been induced only in synthesis procedures of materials. The found result evidences a role played by gamma radiation in generating photosensitive defects and could furnish a novel basis for photosensitive pattern wr…

PhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencesistemi amorfi difetti di puntoRadiationIonizing radiationlaw.inventionOpticsPhotosensitivitylawFiber Optic TechnologyComputer SimulationIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceGe defectsLightingbusiness.industryGermaniumGamma rayEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalSilicon DioxideAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAmorphous solidEquipment Failure AnalysisGamma Raysgamma-ray irradiationComputer-Aided DesignSiO2business
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Intramolecular Electron Transfer between Tyrosine and Tryptophan Photosensitized by a Chiral π,π* Aromatic Ketone

2005

The photochemical reaction of Trp and Tyr and related peptides with Suprofen (SUP) as sensitizer in H2O/CH3CN (28:1 v/v) solutions has been studied by time-resolved spectroscopy. The results show that SUP induces oxidation of both Trp and Tyr, as well as intramolecular-ET reactions in the related peptides. The influence of photosensitizer configuration on the involved processes has been studied by using the enantiomerically pure compounds. A significant chiral recognition is observed in which the concentration of the radicals formed after triplet quenching depends on the configuration of the chiral center; the quenching process is higher when using the (R)-SUP enantiomer.

PhotolysisQuenching (fluorescence)ChemistryRadicalAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalOrganic ChemistryTryptophanTryptophanSuprofenStereoisomerismSuprofenGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryCatalysisKineticsElectron transferModels ChemicalIntramolecular forcemedicineTyrosinePhotosensitizerEnantiomermedicine.drugChemistry - A European Journal
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Comments on 'SPICE Model of Photomultiplier Tube Under Different Bias Conditions'

2021

[EN] The paper ¿SPICE Model of Photomultiplier Tube Under Different Bias Conditions¿ is commented. We revisit the mathematical formulation to compensate for some ambiguities in the original manuscript, and point out some inconsistencies in the results and reproducibility of the simulations, as well as in the optimized parameters originally obtained with the PSPICE simulation engine. All simulations are recalculated with the NGSPICE software using the corrected parameters and compared against the original figures. The reproducibility of our simulations is independently verified with PSPICE, as well as by numerically solving the analytical system of non-linear equations using Newton¿s method …

PhotomultiplierReproducibilityComputer sciencebusiness.industrySpiceModels matemàticsNumerical modelsSoftwareFISICA APLICADAPoint (geometry)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringMATLABbusinessMATEMATICA APLICADAInstrumentationcomputerSimulationcomputer.programming_language
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Sensitivity of alanine dosimeters with gadolinium exposed to 6 MV photons at clinical doses.

2011

In this study we analyzed the ESR signal of alanine dosimeters with gadolinium exposed to 6 MV linear accelerator photons. We observed that the addition of gadolinium brings about an improvement in the sensitivity to photons because of its high atomic number. The experimental data indicated that the addition of gadolinium increases the sensitivity of the alanine to 6 MV photons. This enhancement was better observed at high gadolinium concentrations for which the tissue equivalence is heavily reduced. However, information about the irradiation setup and of the radiation beam features allows one to correct for this difference. Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to obtain information on …

PhotonESR dosimetryGadoliniumMonte Carlo methodAccelerationBiophysicschemistry.chemical_elementGadoliniumLinear particle acceleratorRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationRadiometryMonte Carlo simulationAlaninePhotonsRadiationDosimeterAlanineChemistryX-RaysRadiochemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyDose-Response Relationship RadiationSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Alanine dosimeters gadoliniumLinear ModelsSensitivity (electronics)Monte Carlo MethodRadiation research
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