Search results for "Modula"

showing 10 items of 1481 documents

Indicaxanthin, a multi-target natural compound from Opuntia ficus-indica fruit: From its poly-pharmacological effects to biochemical mechanisms and m…

2019

Abstract Over the latest years phytochemical consumption has been associated to a decreased risk of both the onset and the development of a number of pathological conditions. In this context indicaxanthin, a betalain pigment from Opuntia ficus-indica fruit, has been the object of sound research. Explored, at first, for its mere antioxidant potential, Indicaxanthin is now regarded as a redox-active compound able to exert significant poly-pharmacological effects against several targets in a number of experimental conditions both in vivo and in vitro. This paper aims to provide an overview on the therapeutical effects of indicaxanthin, ranging from the anti-inflammatory to the neuro-modulatory…

Models MolecularPyridinesOpuntia ficusPhytochemicalsContext (language use)Antioxidant potential01 natural sciencesMiceStructure-Activity Relationship03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMulti targetCell Line TumorNeoplasmsSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaBetalainDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansCell Proliferation030304 developmental biologyInflammationIndicaxanthin Multi-target compound Poly-pharmacology Antioxidant Antiinflammatory Antitumoral Antiproliferative Neuromodulator Molecular modellingPharmacologyBiological Products0303 health sciencesDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureTraditional medicine010405 organic chemistryNatural compoundOrganic ChemistryOpuntiaGeneral MedicineAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaBetaxanthins0104 chemical sciencesMice Inbred C57BLNeuroprotective AgentsPhytochemicalchemistryBlood-Brain BarrierFruitDrug Screening Assays AntitumorIndicaxanthinEuropean Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
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Substituted 2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzoyl)-benzo[b]thiophene derivatives as potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors.

2010

The central role of microtubules in cell division and mitosis makes them a particularly important target for anticancer agents. On our early publication, we found that a series of 2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzoyl)-3-aminobenzo[b]thiophenes exhibited strong antiproliferative activity in the submicromolar range and significantly arrested cells in the G2-M phase of the cell cycle and induced apoptosis. In order to investigate the importance of the amino group at the 3-position of the benzo[b]thiophene skeleton, the corresponding 3-unsubstituted and methyl derivatives were prepared. A novel series of inhibitors of tubulin polymerization, based on the 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-benzo[b]thiophene m…

Models MolecularStereochemistryClinical BiochemistrySubstituentPharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsThiophenesAnisolesBiochemistryArticleAntineoplastic AgentAnisolechemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipThiopheneMicrotubuleTubulinTubulin ModulatorCell Line TumorNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryThiopheneAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyCell ProliferationbiologyBicyclic moleculeAnimalCell growthTubulin ModulatorsOrganic ChemistryCell CycleTubulin ModulatorsRatsTubulinchemistrybiology.proteinRatNeoplasmMolecular MedicineGrowth inhibitionHumanBioorganicmedicinal chemistry
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Structural and Functional Basis for Understanding the Biological Significance of P2X7 Receptor

2020

The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) possesses a unique structure associated to an as yet not fully understood mechanism of action that facilitates cell permeability to large ionic molecules through the receptor itself and/or nearby membrane proteins. High extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels—inexistent in physiological conditions—are required for the receptor to be triggered and contribute to its role in cell damage signaling. The inconsistent data on its activation pathways and the few studies performed in natively expressed human P2X7R have led us to review the structure, activation pathways, and specific cellular location of P2X7R in order to analyze its biological relevance. The ATP-…

Models MolecularTranscription GeneticP2X7 receptor physiological rolechannel membrane proteinsAllosteric regulationReviewModels BiologicalCatalysislcsh:ChemistryInorganic ChemistryTransduction (genetics)chemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine Triphosphateallosteric modulationsmedicineExtracellularAnimalsHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryProtein Structure QuaternaryReceptorlcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopyhuman P2X7 receptor isoformsPolymorphism GeneticCell MembraneOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologyATPlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Mechanism of actionchemistryMembrane proteinP2X7 receptorReceptors Purinergic P2X7medicine.symptomAdenosine triphosphateIntracellularSignal TransductionInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Recovery from chronic diseases of consciousness: State of the art in neuromodulation for persistent vegetative state and minimally conscious state

2017

Chronic diseases of consciousness (CDC) can still be considered a challenging frontier for modern medicine, probably because of their not completely understood physiopathological mechanisms. Following encouraging evidence on cerebral hemodynamics, some authors have hypothesized a role for neuromodulation in the treatment of CDC patients. In the past 40 years, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) have been used experimentally for the treatment of patients in a severe altered state of consciousness, with some interesting but not conclusive results. The present review summarizes the data currently available in the literature on this particular and debated topic. On th…

Modern medicineDeep brain stimulationmedia_common.quotation_subjectmedicine.medical_treatmentDeep Brain StimulationAltered state of consciousnessDBS030204 cardiovascular system & hematology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDBS; Disorders of consciousness; Minimally conscious state; Neuromodulation; SCS; Vegetative state; Surgery; Neurology (clinical)medicineHumansMinimally conscious statemedia_commonPersistent vegetative stateDisorders of consciousnessSpinal Cord StimulationVegetative statebusiness.industrySettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaNeuromodulationPersistent Vegetative StateMinimally conscious statemedicine.diseaseNeuromodulation (medicine)Cerebral hemodynamicsSurgeryNeurology (clinical)ConsciousnessbusinessNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgerySCS
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The Modular X- and Gamma-Ray Sensor (MXGS)of the ASIM Payload on the International Space Station

2019

The Modular X- and Gamma-ray Sensor (MXGS) is an imaging and spectral X- and Gamma-ray instrument mounted on the starboard side of the Columbus module on the International Space Station. Together with the Modular Multi-Spectral Imaging Assembly (MMIA) (Chanrion et al. this issue) MXGS constitutes the instruments of the Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) (Neubert et al. this issue). The main objectives of MXGS are to image and measure the spectrum of X- and γ-rays from lightning discharges, known as Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), and for MMIA to image and perform high speed photometry of Transient Luminous Events (TLEs) and lightning discharges. With these two instruments sp…

Modular Multi-Spectral Imaging AssemblyPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesModular X- and Gamma-ray SensorFOS: Physical sciencesTerrestrial Gamma-ray FlashesInternational Space Station01 natural sciencesPhysics - Space Physics0103 physical sciencesInternational Space Station010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Atmosphere-Space Interaction Monitor0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingPhysicsbusiness.industryPayloadGamma rayX- and Gamma-ray detector for spaceAstronomy and AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Modular designLightningSpace Physics (physics.space-ph)Photometry (astronomy)Space and Planetary ScienceTransient (oscillation)Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsbusiness
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Algorithms on Graphs

1988

In this chapter we shall develop some basic algorithms for directed graphs and relations which will be of use in later chapters, where the efficient construction of parsers is considered. The constructions needed can be expressed as the computing of certain “relational expressions”. These are expressions whose operands are relations and whose operators are chosen from among multiplication, closure, union and inverse. For this purpose we need to develop an algorithm for computing the closure of a relation. In view of the nature of our applications, the most appropriate way to do this is by a depth-first traversal of the graph that corresponds to the given relation. Other ways of computing th…

Modular decompositionIndifference graphPathwidthClique problemComputer scienceChordal graphDirected graphAlgorithmImplicit graphGraph product
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On a Quantitative Measure for Modularity Based on Information Theory

2005

The concept of modularity appears to be crucial for many questions in the field of Artificial Life research. However, there have not been many quantitative measures for modularity that are both general and viable. In this paper we introduce a measure for modularity based on information theory. Due to the generality of the information theory formalism, this measure can be applied to various problems and models; some connections to other formalisms are presented.

Modular decompositionQuantitative measureGeneralitybusiness.industryComputer scienceArtificial lifeArtificial intelligenceMutual informationbusinessInformation theoryMeasure (mathematics)Modularity
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Scaffold and scaffold-free self-assembled systems in regenerative medicine.

2016

Self-assembly in tissue engineering refers to the spontaneous chemical or biological association of components to form a distinct functional construct, reminiscent of native tissue. Such self-assembled systems have been widely used to develop platforms for the delivery of therapeutic and/or bioactive molecules and various cell populations. Tissue morphology and functional characteristics have been recapitulated in several self-assembled constructs, designed to incorporate stimuli responsiveness and controlled architecture through spatial confinement or field manipulation. In parallel, owing to substantial functional properties, scaffold-free cell-assembled devices have aided in the developm…

Modular engineeringTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsCell-assembled devicesSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoBiomimetic MaterialsGuided Tissue RegenerationHumansSelf-assemblyRegenerative MedicineDelivery of biologicsStimuli-responsive polymersExtracellular MatrixBiotechnology and bioengineering
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Posets That Locally Resemble Distributive Lattices

2000

Abstract Let P be a graded poset with 0 and 1 and rank at least 3. Assume that every rank 3 interval is a distributive lattice and that, for every interval of rank at least 4, the interval minus its endpoints is connected. It is shown that P is a distributive lattice, thus resolving an issue raised by Stanley. Similar theorems are proven for semimodular, modular, and complemented modular lattices. As a corollary, a theorem of Stanley for Boolean lattices is obtained, as well as a theorem of Grabiner (conjectured by Stanley) for products of chains. Applications to incidence geometry and connections with the theory of buildings are discussed.

Modular latticeDiscrete mathematicsDistributive latticeCongruence lattice problemMap of latticesTheoretical Computer ScienceComplemented latticeCombinatoricsGraded posetComputational Theory and MathematicsSemimodular latticeDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsBirkhoff's representation theoremMathematicsJournal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A
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Character correspondences in blocks with normal defect groups

2014

Abstract In this paper we give an extension of the Glauberman correspondence to certain characters of blocks with normal defect groups.

Modular representation theoryAlgebra and Number Theory010102 general mathematicsCharacter theoryExtension (predicate logic)01 natural sciencesAlgebraCharacter (mathematics)Compact group0103 physical sciences010307 mathematical physicsClassification of finite simple groups0101 mathematicsGroup theoryRepresentation theory of finite groupsMathematicsJournal of Algebra
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