Search results for "Molecule"

showing 10 items of 5162 documents

Microcirculatory Dysfunction Induced by Cigarette Smoking

2000

This review deals with the deleterious effects of cigarette smoking on the microcirculation, both in terms of morphological (i.e., vessel wall injury, capillary loss) and functional aspects. The latter concerns predominantly changes in tissue perfusion and its regulatory mechanisms (i.e., reactive hyperemia, sequestration of blood cells in the microcirculation). The mechanisms of action of cigarette smoking on the microcirculation include compromised endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, platelet aggregation, endothelial cell dysfunction, and the activation of circulating leukocytes. Through these mechanisms, cigarette smoking elicits the aggregation and adhesion of leukocytes and/or platel…

chemistry.chemical_classificationmedicine.medical_specialtyReactive oxygen speciesPathologyPhysiologybusiness.industryCell adhesion moleculeHamsterMicrocirculationEndothelial stem cellEndocrinologychemistryPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicinePlateletCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessMolecular BiologyReactive hyperemiaPerfusionMicrocirculation
researchProduct

Studies of Nature of Uncommon Bifurcated I–I···(I–M) Metal-Involving Noncovalent Interaction in Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Isocyanide Cocrystals

2021

Two isostructural trans-[MI2(CNXyl)2]·I2 (M = Pd or Pt; CNXyl = 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide) metallopolymeric cocrystals containing uncommon bifurcated iodine···(metal–iodide) contact were obtained. In addition to classical halogen bonding, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a rare type of metal-involved stabilizing contact in both cocrystals. The nature of the noncovalent contact was studied computationally (via DFT, electrostatic surface potential, electron localization function, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, and noncovalent interactions plot methods). Studies confirmed that the I···I halogen bond is the strongest noncovalent interaction in the systems, followed …

chemistry.chemical_classificationplatinaHalogen bondhalogeenit010405 organic chemistryChemistryIsocyanideAtoms in moleculeskompleksiyhdisteet010402 general chemistrypalladium01 natural sciencesCocrystalElectron localization function0104 chemical sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographykemialliset sidoksetNucleophileNon-covalent interactionsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsostructuralmetallit
researchProduct

Photooxidation and Stabilization of Photooxidized Polyethylene and of its Monopolymer Blends

2003

The increasing use of products from recycled polymers, or from blends with recycled polymers exposed to the outdoors, implies the need for good weathering resistance. This is particularly important when the recycled material comes, in turn, from products exposed during their lifetime to the sun. In this case the presence of C=O groups in the macromolecular chains strongly increases the photooxidative degradation kinetics of these secondary materials. In this work the change of the photooxidative degradation of blends of virgin and photooxidized polyethylene was evaluated as a function of the C=O content present in the material. As expected, the presence of the C=O groups strongly increases …

chemistry.chemical_classificationpolyethylene (PE)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsphotooxidationKineticsGeneral ChemistryPolymerPolyethylenemechanical propertiesphoto-oxidationSurfaces Coatings and Filmsstabilizationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringpolymeric filmPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPhotooxidative degradationPolymer blendHALSElongationMacromoleculeStabilizer (chemistry)
researchProduct

A Click Chemistry-Based “Grafting Through” Approach to the Synthesis of a Biorelevant Polymer Brush

2011

A new biorelevant polymer brush showing a polybenzofulvene backbone was synthesized by a ‘‘grafting through’’ approach based on click chemistry and spontaneous polymerization reactions. The easy polymerization of the relatively complex monomer (6-MOEG-9-TM-BF3k) suggests the existence of a particularly efficient recognition process capable of pre-organizing the monomer molecules for the spontaneous polymerization. 13C-NMR spectroscopy as well as UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy suggested for poly-6-MOEG-9-TM-BF3k the features of a vinyl (1,2) p-stacked polymer. The new polybenzofulvene derivative was found to interact with water at room temperature to give clear water solutions, but TEM…

chemistry.chemical_classificationpolymer brushPolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryBioengineeringPolymerPolymer brushCell morphologyBiochemistryFluorescence spectroscopyNMRchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryChemical engineeringPolymerizationPolymer chemistryclick chemistryClick chemistryMacromolecule
researchProduct

N-Alkyl ammonium resorcinarene polyiodides

2016

Four N-alkyl ammonium resorcinarene halides incorporating polyiodides were obtained and structurally analyzed by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The unexpected formation of triiodides and pentaiodide anions in these structures was assumed to be the result of the heterolytic dissociation of molecular iodine (I2) in the presence of electron donors in the N-alkyl ammonium resorcinarene halide system, from which I− further binds one or two I2 molecules resulting in I3− or I5− species, respectively.

chemistry.chemical_classificationta114010405 organic chemistryChemistrypolyiodidesInorganic chemistryHalideGeneral ChemistryResorcinarene010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsN-Alkyl ammonium01 natural sciencesHeterolysisDissociation (chemistry)0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPolymer chemistryMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceAmmoniumta116Single crystalAlkylCrystEngComm
researchProduct

Efficient energy transfer in a tri-chromophoric dyad containing BODIPYs and corrole based on a truxene platform

2018

A star-shaped molecule was designed and synthesized based on a known central truxene platform. Two BODIPY derivatives and one corrole macrocycle were introduced and connected to the 2, 7 and 12-positions of the truxene unit by Suzuki coupling. The dyad was fully characterized by UV-vis absorption, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry. The direction of energy transfer upon electronic excitation was explored, and the star-shaped molecule system exhibits a highly efficient photoinduced energy transfer process from the excited BODIPY part to the corrole unit.

chemistry.chemical_compound010405 organic chemistryChemistryEnergy transferMoleculeGeneral ChemistryCorroleBODIPY010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciencesEfficient energy useJournal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines
researchProduct

ChemInform Abstract: 1,2,3-Triazole in Heterocyclic Compounds, Endowed with Biological Activity, Through 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions

2014

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reactions can be considered a powerful synthetic tool in the building of heterocyclic rings, with applications in different fields. In this review we focus on the synthesis of biologically active compounds possessing the 1,2,3-triazole core through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. The 1,2,3-triazole skeleton can be present as a single disubstituted ring, as a linker between two molecules, or embedded in a polyheterocycle. The cycloaddition reactions are usually catalysed by copper or ruthenium. Domino reactions can be achieved through dipolarophile anion formation, generally followed by cyclisation. The variety of attainable heterocyclic structures gives an ill…

chemistry.chemical_compound123-TriazolechemistryTriazole derivativeschemistry.chemical_elementMoleculeBiological activityGeneral MedicineRing (chemistry)Combinatorial chemistryLinkerCycloadditionRutheniumChemInform
researchProduct

Synthesis of 1H-imidazo[3′,4′:4,5]thieno[2,3-b]pyridines. A new ring system

1984

A facile and convenient synthesis of the title compounds is described, using as starting materials the 2-nitro-3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridines. Mass spectral data of the above mentioned compounds are briefly discussed.

chemistry.chemical_compoundAcetic acidchemistryBicyclic moleculeFormic acidOrganic ChemistryChemical reductionOrganic chemistryImideRing (chemistry)Spectral dataJournal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
researchProduct

An Unexpected Three-Component Condensation Leading to Amino- (3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-1-ylidene)- acetonitriles

2004

The reaction of 2-carboxybenzaldehyde with primary amines in the presence of cyanide leads to the formation of 2-substituted amino(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-1-ylidene)acetonitriles. These compounds originate from the condensation of 2-carboxybenzaldehyde with the amine and two molecules of hydrogen cyanide and represent a novel class of isoindolinones.

chemistry.chemical_compoundAcetonitrilesBicyclic moleculeChemistryCyanideOrganic ChemistryHydrogen cyanideMoleculeAmine gas treatingOrganic synthesisCondensation reactionMedicinal chemistryThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
researchProduct

Rotational State Change of Acetonitrile Vapor on MCM-41 upon Capillary Condensation with the aid of Time-Correlation Function Analysis of IR Spectros…

2000

The infrared spectra of adsorbed acetonitrile on MCM-41 (porewidth = 3.2 nm) were measured at 303 K. In the CN stretching ν2 region, two bands were observed at 2265 cm− 1 and 2254 cm− 1, assigned to hydrogen-bonded molecules on surface hydroxyls of MCM-41, and physisorbed molecules in mesopores, respectively. We designate here the 2265 cm− 1 band as the ν2α band and the 2254 cm− 1 band as the ν2β band. The bandwidth of the fundamental transition ν2fβ, was obtained by removing the overlap with hot band transitions of the same mode, ν2α band, and other modes by least-squares fitting. Before capillary condensation, the relaxation time τ obtained from the bandwidth of the ν2fβ band was smaller …

chemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionCapillary condensationMCM-41chemistryAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyMoleculeMesoporous materialAcetonitrileHot band
researchProduct