Search results for "NOISE"

showing 10 items of 1375 documents

Optical calibration of a multispectral imaging system based on interference filters

2005

We present a new approach to optically calibrate a multispectral imaging system based on interference filters. Such a system typically suffers from some blurring of its channel images. Because the effectiveness of spectrum reconstruction depends heavily on the quality of the acquired channel images, and because this blurring negatively affects them, a method for deblurring and denoising them is required. The blur is modeled as a uniform intensity distribution within a circular disk. It allows us to characterize, quantitatively, the degradation for each channel image. In terms of global reduction of the blur, it consists of the choice of the best channel for the focus adjustment according to…

DeblurringComputer sciencebusiness.industryNoise reductionWiener filterMultispectral imageComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONGeneral EngineeringImage processingReal imageAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMultispectral pattern recognitionsymbols.namesakeComputer Science::GraphicsInterference (communication)Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionsymbolsComputer visionArtificial intelligenceOptical filterFocus (optics)businessImage restorationOptical Engineering
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Witnessing non-Markovian effects of quantum processes through Hilbert-Schmidt speed

2020

Non-Markovian effects can speed up the dynamics of quantum systems while the limits of the evolution time can be derived by quantifiers of quantum statistical speed. We introduce a witness for characterizing the non-Markovianity of quantum evolutions through the Hilbert-Schmidt speed (HSS), which is a special type of quantum statistical speed. This witness has the advantage of not requiring diagonalization of evolved density matrix. Its sensitivity is investigated by considering several paradigmatic instances of open quantum systems, such as one qubit subject to phase-covariant noise and Pauli channel, two independent qubits locally interacting with leaky cavities, V-type and $\Lambda $-typ…

Density matrixPhysicsQuantum PhysicsHIlbert-Schmidt speedFOS: Physical sciencesType (model theory)non-Markovianity01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakePauli exclusion principleOpen quantum systemQubitQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsDissipative systemQuditQubitSensitivity (control systems)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsQuantumPhysical Review A
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Length of endodontic files measured in digital radiographs with and without noise-suppression filters: an ex-vivo study

2011

The aim of this study is to evaluate if theoretically possible edge shifts induced by noise-suppression filters potentially occur on objects found in digital radiographs. Most manufacturers carry out noise-suppression filtering of their images before they are displayed to the user. It is not usually possible for the user to disrupt the function of the filters. The use of these filters can lead to deletion of small image structures.K-files (ISO size 06, 08, 10 and 15) were placed in the root canals of 6 human teeth located in cadaver jaw segments. File tip positions were measured on original and filtered digital images by three observers. The file position was marked on each filtered image a…

Dental InstrumentsRadiographyDentistryMandibleStandard deviationDigital imageCadaverEndodontic filesCadaverHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionGeneral DentistryMathematicsNoise suppressionPixelbusiness.industryResearchGeneral MedicineEquipment DesignRadiography Dental DigitalImage enhancementOtorhinolaryngologySubtraction TechniqueArtificial intelligenceDental Pulp CavitybusinessArtifactsFiltrationRoot Canal Preparation
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GW170817: Implications for the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Compact Binary Coalescences

2018

The LIGO Scientific and Virgo Collaborations have announced the first detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of two neutron stars. The merger rate of binary neutron stars estimated from this event suggests that distant, unresolvable binary neutron stars create a significant astrophysical stochastic gravitational-wave background. The binary neutron star background will add to the background from binary black holes, increasing the amplitude of the total astrophysical background relative to previous expectations. In the Advanced LIGO-Virgo frequency band most sensitive to stochastic backgrounds (near 25 Hz), we predict a total astrophysical background with amplitude $\Omega_{\rm…

Design sensitivityneutron star: binarygravitational radiation: stochasticAstronomyX-ray binaryGeneral Physics and AstronomyAstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologylocalizationGravitational wave backgroundGravitational Waves Neutron Stars Stochastic Background Virgo LIGOblack holeLIGOstochastic modelQCQBPhysicsGAMMA-RAY BURSTSSignal to noise ratioStochastic systemsBlack holesGravitational effectsarticleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]Gravitational wave sources Experimental studies of gravity Gravitational WavesGravitationBinary neutron starsX-ray bursterBinsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMERGERSFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGravity wavesgravitational radiation: direct detectionBinary pulsarNeutron starsSTAR-FORMATIONPhysics and Astronomy (all)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyBinary black holebinary: coalescence0103 physical sciencesFrequency bandsddc:530RATESINTERFEROMETERS010306 general physicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsNeutronsGravitational Waves010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational waveVirgogravitational radiation: backgroundgravitational radiationAstronomyNeutron Stars530 Physikbinary: compactsensitivityStarsLIGObackground: stochasticEVOLUTIONsignal noise ratioVIRGOPhysics and Astronomyblack hole: binarygravitational radiation: emissionStellar black holeStochastic BackgroundDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | PhysikHIGH-REDSHIFTneutron star: coalescencePhysical Review Letters
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Optimization of transmission near infrared spectrometry procedures for quality control of pesticide formulations

2006

The use of different response functions to be optimized in the frame of the use of near infrared spectrometry for quality control of active principles in agrochemical formulations has been evaluated. Both, simple functions, based on parameters like sensitivity, repeatability, accuracy, signal to noise ratio, limit of detection or sample throughput, and a complex function, considering all the aforementioned aspects, were employed in the development of a new method for Iprodione determination in agrochemicals. Optimization strategies were based on the previous screening of the most important instrumental factors like number of cumulated scans, nominal resolution, mirror velocity and zero fill…

Detection limitResolution (mass spectrometry)ChemistryRepeatabilityFactorial experimentBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistrySignal-to-noise ratioStatisticsCalibrationEnvironmental ChemistrySensitivity (control systems)Biological systemThroughput (business)SpectroscopyAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Stochastic dynamics of nonlinear systems with a fractional power-law nonlinear term: The fractional calculus approach

2011

Fractional power-law nonlinear drift arises in many applications of engineering interest, as in structures with nonlinear fluid viscous–elastic dampers. The probabilistic characterization of such structures under external Gaussian white noise excitation is still an open problem. This paper addresses the solution of such a nonlinear system providing the equation governing the evolution of the characteristic function, which involves the Riesz fractional operator. An efficient numerical procedure to handle the problem is also proposed.

Differential equationOpen problemAerospace EngineeringOcean EngineeringFractional calculuStochastic differential equationsymbols.namesakeFractional programmingNonlinear viscous–elastic damperCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsStochastic differential equationMechanical EngineeringCharacteristic functionMathematical analysisPower-law driftStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsWhite noiseCondensed Matter PhysicsFractional differential equationFractional calculusNonlinear systemNuclear Energy and EngineeringGaussian noisesymbolsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniProbabilistic Engineering Mechanics
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Pseudo-force method for a stochastic analysis of nonlinear systems

1996

Nonlinear systems, driven by external white noise input processes and handled by means of pseudo-force theory, are transformed through simple coordinate transformation to quasi-linear systems. By means of Itô stochastic differential calculus for parametric processes, a finite hierarchy for the moment equations of these systems can be exactly obtained. Applications of this procedure to the first-order differential equation with cubic nonlinearity and to the Duffing oscillator show the versatility of the proposed method. The accuracy of the proposed procedure improves by making use of the classical equivalent linearization technique.

Differential equationStochastic processNumerical analysisMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisDuffing equationAerospace EngineeringStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsDifferential calculusOcean EngineeringWhite noiseCondensed Matter PhysicCondensed Matter PhysicsNonlinear systemNuclear Energy and EngineeringLinearizationMathematicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicCivil and Structural Engineering
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Noise-Assisted Crystallization of Opal Films

2012

International audience; An improvement of the crystal quality of opal fi lms self-assembled from polymer spheres in a moving meniscus using the agitation by white noise acoustic vibrations is demonstrated. A tenfold higher ordering of a hexagonal sphere packing in the (111) plane is achieved. This crystallization method, the mechanism of which is described in terms of the stochastic resonance, is a contrast to the widely used approach based on maintaining equilibrium conditions during the crystallization process. The precise quantifi cation of the incremental lattice order improvement as a function of acoustic noise intensity is achieved by calculating the probability of finding an opposite…

DiffractionMaterials scienceRotational symmetry02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionBiomaterialssymbols.namesakeOpticslawLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesElectrochemistry[CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/CristallographyCrystallization010306 general physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Condensed matter physicsbusiness.industryWhite noise021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNoiseSphere packingFourier transformsymbols[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Recent Advances in 3D Structured Illumination Microscopy

2018

In structured illumination microscopy (SIM) the sample under investigation is illuminated using a structured illumination (SI) pattern. This SI pattern encodes high spatial frequencies of fine features within the sample, which usually are not transferred by the conventional three-dimensional (3D) optical transfer function (OTF) of the imaging system and fills the missing cone of frequencies in the OTF for better discrimination of the out-of-focus light. Thereby, SIM provides super-resolution (SR) performance beyond the diffraction limit and optical-sectioning (OS) capability with the use of data post-processing approaches. 3D structured patterns that include lateral and axial variations in …

DiffractionMaterials sciencebusiness.industry02 engineering and technologyWollaston prism021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)law.invention010309 opticsLens (optics)WavelengthOpticslawOptical transfer function0103 physical sciencesSpatial frequency0210 nano-technologybusinessFrequency modulation2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Speckle random coding for 2D super resolving fluorescent microscopic imaging.

2006

In this manuscript we present a novel super resolving approach based upon projection of a random speckle pattern onto samples observed through a microscope. The projection of the speckle pattern is created by coherent illumination of the inspected pattern through a diffuser. Due to local interference of the coherent wave front with itself, a random speckle pattern is superimposed on the sample. This speckle pattern can be scanned over the object. A super-resolved image can be extracted from a temporal sequence of images by appropriate digital processing of the image stream. The resulting resolution is significantly higher than the diffraction limitation of the microscope objective. The new …

DiffractionPhysicsMicroscopebusiness.industryResolution (electron density)General Physics and AstronomySpeckle noiseCell BiologyNumerical aperturelaw.inventionSpeckle patternOpticsStructural BiologylawElectronic speckle pattern interferometryGeneral Materials ScienceProjection (set theory)businessMicron (Oxford, England : 1993)
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