Search results for "Note"

Nanoscale Engineering of Designer Cellulosomes.

2016

Biocatalysts showcase the upper limit obtainable for high-speed molecular processing and transformation. Efforts to engineer functionality in synthetic nanostructured materials are guided by the increasing knowledge of evolving architectures, which enable controlled molecular motion and precise molecular recognition. The cellulosome is a biological nanomachine, which, as a fundamental component of the plant-digestion machinery from bacterial cells, has a key potential role in the successful development of environmentally-friendly processes to produce biofuels and fine chemicals from the breakdown of biomass waste. Here, the progress toward so-called "designer cellulosomes", which provide an…

Phototherapy: Ruthenium-Containing Block Copolymer Assemblies: Red-Light-Responsive Metallopolymers with Tunable Nanostructures for Enhanced Cellular…

2016

Out-of-plane orientation of luminescent excitons in two-dimensional indium selenide.

2019

Van der Waals materials offer a wide range of atomic layers with unique properties that can be easily combined to engineer novel electronic and photonic devices. A missing ingredient of the van der Waals platform is a two-dimensional crystal with naturally occurring out-of-plane luminescent dipole orientation. Here we measure the far-field photoluminescence intensity distribution of bulk InSe and two-dimensional InSe, WSe2 and MoSe2. We demonstrate, with the support of ab-initio calculations, that layered InSe flakes sustain luminescent excitons with an intrinsic out-of-plane orientation, in contrast with the in-plane orientation of dipoles we find in two-dimensional WSe2 and MoSe2 at room-…

Matching the Directions of Electric Fields from Triboelectric and Ferroelectric Charges in Nanogenerator Devices for Boosted Performance

2020

Summary Embedding additional ferroelectric dipoles in contacting polymer layers is known to enhance the performance of triboelectricnanogenerator (TENG) devices. However, the influence of dipoles formed between the triboelectric surface charges on two contacting ferroelectric films has been ignored in all relevant studies. We demonstrate that proper attention to the alignment of the distinct dipoles present between two contacting surfaces and in composite polymer/BaTiO3 ferroelectric films can lead to up to four times higher energy and power density output compared with cases when dipole arrangement is mismatched. For example, TENG device based on PVAc/BaTiO3 shows energy density increase f…

Polyphosphate as a Bioactive and Biodegradable Implant Material: Induction of Bone Regeneration in Rats

2016

Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a naturally occurring polymer that is bioresorbable and anabolically active on bone forming cells in vitro. In order to demonstrate if polyP also shows morphogenetic activity in vivo, animal studies are performed applying the rat calvarial defect model. Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres with a narrow size distribution (≈820 μm) are prepared, containing either encapsulated polyP or β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), used as a reference material. Discs are prepared from the microspheres and inserted into 10 mm large defects created in the calvaria of rats. Both the formation of COL-I and the expression of ALP is upregulated, as well as the exte…

A [13]rotaxane assembled via a palladium molecular capsule

2019

Molecules that are the size of small proteins are difficult to make. The most frequently examined route is via self-assembly, and one particular approach involves molecular nanocapsules, where ligands are designed that will enforce the formation of specific polyhedra of metals within the core of the structure. Here we show that this approach can be combined with mechanically interlocking molecules to produce nanocapsules that are decorated on their exterior. This could be a general route to very large molecules, and is exemplified here by the synthesis and structural characterization of a [13]rotaxane, containing 150 metal centres. Small angle X-ray scattering combined with atomistic molecu…

Super-resolved linear fluorescence localization microscopy using photostable fluorophores: A virtual microscopy study

2017

Abstract Current approaches to overcome the conventional limit of the resolution potential of light microscopy (of about 200 nm for visible light), often suffer from non-linear effects, which render the quantification of the image intensities in the reconstructions difficult, and also affect the quantification of the biological structure under investigation. As an attempt to face these difficulties, we discuss a particular method of localization microscopy which is based on photostable fluorescent dyes. The proposed method can potentially be implemented as a fast alternative for quantitative localization microscopy, circumventing the need for the acquisition of thousands of image frames and…

Differential Contribution of the Parental Genomes to a S. cerevisiae × S. uvarum Hybrid, Inferred by Phenomic, Genomic, and Transcriptomic Analyses, …

2020

In European regions of cold climate, S. uvarum can replace S. cerevisiae in wine fermentations performed at low temperatures. S. uvarum is a cryotolerant yeast that produces more glycerol, less acetic acid and exhibits a better aroma profile. However, this species exhibits a poor ethanol tolerance compared with S. cerevisiae. In the present study, we obtained by rare mating (non-GMO strategy), and a subsequent sporulation, an interspecific S. cerevisiae × S. uvarum spore-derivative hybrid that improves or maintains a combination of parental traits of interest for the wine industry, such as good fermentation performance, increased ethanol tolerance, and high glycerol and aroma productions. G…

Evidence-Based Clinical Use of Nanoscale Extracellular Vesicles in Nanomedicine

2016

collaboration au projet H2020 European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program European Network on Microvesicles and Exosomes in Health and Disease (ME-HAD); International audience; Recent research has demonstrated that all body fluids assessed contain substantial amounts of vesicles that range in size from 30 to 1000 nm and that are surrounded by phospholipid membranes containing different membrane microdomains such as lipid rafts and caveolae. The most prominent representatives of these so-called extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized exosomes (70-150 nm), which are derivatives of the endosomal system, and microvesicles (100-1000 nm), which are produced by outward budding…

Mucoadhesive solid lipid microparticles for controlled release of a corticosteroid in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment.

2017

Therapeutic efficacy of inhaled drugs is limited by rapid clearance from the site of action due to absorption into systemic circulation or metabolic degradation by alveolar macrophages. Drug delivery systems offer new solutions to clinical problems especially in the treatment of pulmonary diseases. In particular, Solid Lipid Microparticles (SLM) in the range of 3-5 µm are suggested as systems for delivery of therapeutics to the lung as, because of their size, they are able to deposit into secondary bronchi, avoiding systemic absorption typical of alveolar regions. Here, we describe two novel different SLMs prepared with chitosan and alginate for sustained release of fluticasone propionate (…