Search results for "Organic Chemicals"
showing 10 items of 728 documents
Role of SIRT1 and FOXO factors in eNOS transcriptional activation by resveratrol.
2013
Many of the cardiovascular protective effects of resveratrol are attributable to an enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Resveratrol has been shown to enhance eNOS gene expression as well as eNOS enzymatic activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the molecular mechanisms of eNOS transcriptional activation by resveratrol. Treatment of human EA.hy 926 endothelial cells with resveratrol led to a concentration-dependent upregulation of eNOS expression. In luciferase reporter gene assay, resveratrol enhanced the activity of human eNOS promoter fragments (3500, 1600, 633 and 263bp in length, respectively), indicating that the proximal promot…
Computational discovery of novel trypanosomicidal drug-like chemicals by using bond-based non-stochastic and stochastic quadratic maps and linear dis…
2009
Herein we present results of a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies to classify and design, in a rational way, new antitrypanosomal compounds by using non-stochastic and stochastic bond-based quadratic indices. A data set of 440 organic chemicals, 143 with antitrypanosomal activity and 297 having other clinical uses, is used to develop QSAR models based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Non-stochastic model correctly classifies more than 93% and 95% of chemicals in both training and external prediction groups, respectively. On the other hand, the stochastic model shows an accuracy of about the 87% for both series. As an experiment of virtual lead generation, the …
Application of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry for determining organic food contaminants and residues.
2008
Food contamination continues to be a serious problem around the world. Surveillance of chemical contaminants in foods is important not only for public health but also because of the negative economic impact of contamination. From the analytical perspective, analysis of contaminants in food is an extremely challenging area. There is a wide variety of questions, ranging from the quantification of extremely low levels of individual components to the detailed assessment and evaluation of the analytical technique possibilities. This review considers the applications of CE coupled to MS detection (CE-MS) for the analysis of organic contaminants in food. Analytical information on sample concentrat…
Dynamics of copper and zinc sedimentation in a lagooning system receiving landfill leachate.
2013
9 pages; International audience; This study characterises the sediment dredged from a lagooning system composed of a settling pond and three lagoons that receive leachates from a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in France. Organic carbon, carbonate, iron oxyhydroxides, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations were measured in the sediment collected from upstream to downstream in the lagooning system. In order to complete our investigation of sedimentation mechanisms, leachates were sampled in both dry (spring) and wet (winter) seasonal conditions. Precipitation of calcite and amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxides and sedimentation of organic matter occurred in the settling pond. Since different di…
Typology of exogenous organic matters based on chemical and biochemical composition to predict potential nitrogen mineralization
2010
Our aim was to develop a typology predicting potential N availability of exogenous organic matters (EOMs) in soil based on their chemical characteristics. A database of 273 EOMs was constructed including analytical data of biochemical fractionation, organic C and N, and results of N mineralization during incubation of soil–EOM mixtures in controlled conditions. Multiple factor analysis and hierarchical classification were performed to gather EOMs with similar composition and N mineralization behavior. A typology was then defined using composition criteria to predict potential N mineralization. Six classes of EOM potential N mineralization in soil were defined, from high potential N minerali…
Ibuprofen degradation using a Co-doped carbon matrix derived from peat as a peroxymonosulphate activator
2021
The wider presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in nature is a major cause for concern in society. Among pharmaceuticals, the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen has commonly been found in aquatic and soil environments. We produced a Co-doped carbon matrix (Co-P 850) through the carbonization of Co2+ saturated peat and used it as a peroxymonosulphate activator to aid ibuprofen degradation. The properties of Co-P 850 were analysed using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy filtered transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The characterization results showed that Co/Fe oxides were generated and tightly embedded into the carbon matrix …
N-Alkyl ammonium resorcinarene salts: multivalent halogen-bonded deep-cavity cavitands
2015
N-Cyclohexyl ammonium resorcinarene halides, stabilized by an intricate array of hydrogen bonds in a cavitand-like assembly, form multivalent halogen-bonded deep-cavity cavitands with perfluoroiodobenzenes. As observed from the macromolar to infinite concentration range through crystal growth and single crystal X-ray analyses, four 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzenes form moderate halogen bonds with the bromides of the N-cyclohexyl ammonium resorcinarene bromides leading to a deep-cavity cavitand-like structure. In this assembly, the N-cyclohexyl ammonium resorcinarene bromide also acts as a guest and sits in the upper cavity of the assembly interacting with the 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene throu…
Separation of aminoalkanephosphonic acid enantiomers by indirect UV detection capillary electrophoresis with application of cyclodextrins.
2003
Indirect UV detection capillary electrophoresis (CE) was used for the separation of aminoalkanephosphonic acid (AP) enantiomers by applying commercially available cyclodextrins as chiral discriminators. The results show that the separation of the enantiomers depends on pH of the background electrolyte, the molar ratio of cyclodextrin to aminophosphonic acid, and on the type of the applied chiral selector. Optimization of process conditions allowed enantiomeric baseline separation or partial separation of 12 out of 14 alpha-aminophosphonic acids studied. This type of CE might therefore be successfully used for routine determination of enantiomeric purity of aminophosphonic acids.
Catalysis Concepts in Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry
2018
Catalysis has strongly emerged in the field of medicinal inorganic chemistry as a suitable tool to deliver new drug candidates and to overcome drawbacks associated to metallodrugs. In this Concept article, we discuss representative examples of how catalysis has been applied in combination with metal complexes to deliver new therapy approaches. In particular, we explain key achievements in the design of catalytic metallodrugs that damage biomolecular targets and in the development of metal catalysis schemes for the activation of exogenous organic prodrugs. Moreover, we discuss our recent discoveries on the flavin-mediated bioorthogonal catalytic activation of metal-based prodrugs; a new cata…
Occupational hygiene in a Finnish drum composting plant
2005
Bioaerosols (microbes, dust and endotoxins) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were determined in the working air of a drum composting plant treating source-separated catering waste. Different composting activities at the Oulu drum composting plant take place in their own units separated by modular design and constructions. Important implication of this is that the control room is a relatively clean working environment and the risk of exposure to harmful factors is low. However, the number of viable airborne microbes was high both in the biowaste receiving hall and in the drum composting hall. The concentration (geometric average) of total microbes was 21.8 million pcs/m3 in the biowaste…