Search results for "Osteon"
showing 10 items of 236 documents
Oxidative stress in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws
2013
Objectives To analyze whether oxidative stress (OS) changes are present in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) versus controls. Materials and Methods Oxidative stress was analyzed in serum and unstimulated saliva of three groups: Group 1 consisted of 24 patients who had been treated with intravenous bisphosphonates (ivBPs) and developed BRONJ, group 2 consisted of 20 patients who had received ivBPs and did not develop BRONJ, and group 3 comprised 17 control subjects. Reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and 8–oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) levels, as well as the GSSG/GSH ratio, were measured. Results Me…
Castration-Induced Downregulation of SPARC in Stromal Cells Drives Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Prostate Cancer.
2021
Abstract Fatal neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) of castration-resistant prostate cancer is a recurrent mechanism of resistance to androgen deprivation therapies (ADT) and antiandrogen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) in patients. The design of effective therapies for neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is complicated by limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms governing NED. The paucity of acquired genomic alterations and the deregulation of epigenetic and transcription factors suggest a potential contribution from the microenvironment. In this context, whether ADT/ARPI induces stromal cells to release NED-promoting molecules and the underlying molecular networks are unestablis…
Changes in dimension of neurovascular canals in the mandible and maxilla: A radiographic finding in patients diagnosed with MRONJ.
2017
Background The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the morphological features of neurovascular canals and foramina of patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) and healthy individuals by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods The CBCT images of 58 patients under bisphosphonate therapy diagnosed with MRONJ and age gender- matched controls were retrospectively evaluated. The diameter of mandibular and nasopalatine canal and mandibular, mental and lingual foramina were measured on several sections of CBCT. The value of mental index (MI) and panoramic mandibular index (PMI) were also assessed. Results The mean value of diametric meas…
Surgical evaluation of panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography for therapy planning of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the ja…
2015
The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical significance of panoramic radiography (orthopantomography [OPTG]) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for therapy planning of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) by surgeons.Using standardized questionnaire, eight maxillofacial surgeons evaluated intraoral photographs of the clinical situation of 14 patients with BRONJ as well as the corresponding radiographic images (OPTG, CBCT). The presence of five typical BRONJ signs (bone-remodeling, periosteal reaction, osteosclerosis, sequestra, and continuity of cortical bone) was evaluated with OPTG and CBCT. The influence of radiologic information on thera…
Up to a quarter of patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with antiresorptive agents remain undiagnosed
2014
AbstractRecent data suggest that the traditional definition of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) may exclude patients who present with the non-exposed variant of the condition. To test the hypothesis that a proportion of patients with ONJ remain undiagnosed because their symptoms do not conform to the traditional case definition, we did a secondary analysis of data from MISSION (Multicentre study on phenotype, definition and classification of osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with bisphosphonates), a cross-sectional study of a large population of patients with bisphosphonate-associated ONJ who were recruited in 13 European centres. Patients with exposed and non-exp…
Conservative Surgical Treatment of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser and Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Longitudinal Stu…
2018
Introduction. The management of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), with no evidence-based guidelines, remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of a conservative surgical treatment combining Er,Cr:YSGG laser and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of BRONJ in cancer patients. Methods. We performed a longitudinal cohort study. Inclusion criteria were (1) age ≥ 18 years; (2) cancer diagnosis; (3) treatment with NBP because of the underlying cancer. Results. We consecutively recruited ten patients diagnosed with BRONJ in stage I or II. These patients underwent a surgical laser-assisted therapy together with autologous PRP. At the latest follow-up…
Extraction socket healing in rats treated with bisphosphonate: Animal model for bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaws in multiple myeloma pati…
2010
Aim: The aim of this study is to replicate both clinical and histological presentation of bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (BONJ) in an animal model of the disease state. Successful recapitulation of a BONJlike indication in an animal model will be useful for studying pathogenesis, as well as prevention and treatment strategies for BONJ. Materials and Methods: Eighty (80) rats were prospectively and randomly divided into two groups; control group(40) and study group(40). All animals in study group, injected with a dose of 1 mg/kg dexamethasone (DX) subcutaneously on day 7, 14, or 21; and 1, 2, or 3 doses of 7.5 ?g/kg zoledronic acid (ZA) subcutaneously administered to coinci…
Intravenous bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: Influence of coadjuvant antineoplastic treatment and study of buccodental condition
2012
Objectives: To determine whether coadjuvant antineoplastic treatment can influence the number and size of bone exposures among patients with intravenous bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (iBRONJ), and to analyze the buccodental condition of these patients. Material and methods: The study sample comprised 67 patients with iBRONJ, 53 patients without iBRONJ receiving treatment with intravenous bisphosphonates, and 36 healthy subjects. In all three groups, measurements were made of the CAO index and of resting whole saliva and stimulated whole saliva. In the patients with iBRONJ, the size (cm) and number of bone exposures were recorded. The data obtained were subjected to analys…
Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer Treated With Bisphosphonates and Targeted Agents: Results of an Italian Multic…
2015
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) associated with the use of bisphosphonates has been rarely reported in metastatic renal cell cancer (RCC) patients. Since the introduction of combined therapies consisting of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs) and targeted agents, an increasing number of RCC patients were reported to develop ONJ, suggesting that therapeutic angiogenesis suppression might increase the risk of ONJ in NBPs users. We performed a multicenter retrospective study and reviewed literature data to assess the occurrence and to investigate the nature of ONJ in RCC patients taking NBPs and targeted agents. Nine Italian Centers contributed to the data collection. Patients with expos…
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in renal cell cancer patients after treatment including zoledronic acid or denosumab.
2014
Dear Editor, The paper by Henry et al. published by Supportive Care in Cancer comparing efficacy of denosumab versus zoledronic acid in patients with bone metastases of advanced solid tumours [1] comes to integrate the original reports of three pivotal large randomized phase 3 trials [2–4], the publication by Saad et al. about osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in those three trials [5], and the combined outcome analysis by Lipton et al. [6]. Henry et al. [1] reported outcomes of the single trial conducted on patients with solid tumours (except breast or prostate cancers, object of other two trials) [2, 3], excluding patients with multiple myeloma: This ad hoc analysis confirmed the superiority…