Search results for "OxyR"

showing 10 items of 216 documents

[33] Use of repair endonucleases to assess DNA damage by peroxynitrite

1999

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the use of repair endonucleases to assess DNA damage by peroxynitrite. Repair endonucleases allow a convenient quantification of various types of oxidative modifications induced by peroxynitrite, both in cultured cells and in cell-free DNA. The high sensitivity of the assays allows highly ectotoxic exposure conditions to be avoided—as well as the generation of secondary DNA modifications—that often become a problem at high levels of damage because primary DNA oxidation products can be orders of magnitude more reactive than the original bases, as demonstrated for the reaction of 8-hydroxyguanine with singlet oxygen. The ratio of the various types of m…

biologyDNA damageDNA repairSinglet oxygenDNA oxidationmedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistrybiology.proteinmedicineEndodeoxyribonucleasesPeroxynitriteOxidative stressDNA
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Chromatin structure of the 5′ flanking region of the yeastLEU2 gene

1989

The chromatin structure of theLEU2 gene and its flanks has been studied by means of nuclease digestion, both with micrococcal nuclease and DNase I. The gene is organized in an array of positioned nucleosomes. Within the promoter region, the nucleosome positioning places the regulatory sequences, putative TATA box and upstream activator sequence outside the nucleosomal cores. The tRNA3 Leu gene possesses a characteristic structure and is protected against nucleases. Most of the 5′ flank is sensitive to DNase I digestion, although no clear hypersensitive sites were found. The chromatin structure is independent of either the transcriptional state of the gene or the chromosomal or episomal loca…

biologyGenes Fungal5' flanking regionSaccharomyces cerevisiaeTATA BoxMolecular biologyChromatinChromatin3-Isopropylmalate DehydrogenaseAlcohol OxidoreductasesGeneticsbiology.proteinDeoxyribonuclease IMicrococcal NucleaseNucleosomeDNase I hypersensitive siteDeoxyribonuclease IMolecular BiologyHypersensitive siteAllelesChIA-PETMicrococcal nucleaseMolecular and General Genetics MGG
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Lactobacillus tucceti sp. nov., a new lactic acid bacterium isolated from sausage

2006

Abstract Following the application of several molecular techniques strain R 19c, isolated from sausage by Reuter in 1970 and deposited at the DSMZ as Lactobacillus sp., has been identified as pertaining to a new species. It showed singular ISR- Dde I and ISR- Hae III profiles that allowed its differentiation from 68 lactic acid bacteria reference strains analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences places this strain in the genus Lactobacillus within the Lactobacillus alimentarius group. Species L. versmoldensis is the closest phylogenetic neighbor with 96.3% sequence similarity. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments confirmed the independent status at species level of this …

biologyRhamnoseNucleic Acid Hybridizationfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classification16S ribosomal RNADNA RibosomalPolymerase Chain ReactionApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyLactic acidMicrobiologyMeat ProductsLactobacilluschemistry.chemical_compoundPhenotypechemistryLactobacillusPeptidoglycanDeoxyribonucleases Type II Site-SpecificMelibioseRibosomal DNAPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBacteriaSystematic and Applied Microbiology
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A Post-Labeling Approach for the Characterization and Quantification of RNA Modifications Based on Site-Directed Cleavage by DNAzymes

2011

Deoxyribozymes or DNAzymes are small DNA molecules with catalytic activity originating from in vitro selection experiments. Variants of the two most popular DNAzymes with RNase activity, the 10-23 DNAzyme and the 8-17 DNAzyme, promote efficient in vitro cleavage of the phosphodiester bond in at least 11 out of 16 possible dinucleotide permutations. Judicious choice of the sequences flanking the active core of the DNAzymes permits to direct cleavage activity with high sequence specificity. Here, the harnessing of these features for the analysis of RNA nucleotide modifications by a post-labeling approach is described in detail. DNAzymes are designed such that RNase cleavage is directed precis…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnalytechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryRNase PPhosphodiester bondDeoxyribozymeRNANucleotideCleavage (embryo)DNA
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The determination of the DNA base composition in 19 species of adriatic sponges with high-pressure liquid cation-exchange chromatography.

1976

Abstract The (adenine + thymine)/(guanine + cytosine) base ratios of 19 species of adriatic sponges have been determined by high-pressure liquid cation-exchange chromatography. The base ratios vary from 1.49 (Mycale massa) to 0.63 (Hippospongia communis) according to an (A+T) content of 59.7 and 38.6 mol%, respectively. The DNAs of sponges of the order Keratosa showed marked differences in their (A +T) contents (39.5 to 58.8 mol%) whereas those of Tetractinellida and Halichondrina were nearly identical (39.3 to 40.8 and 49.5 to 49.8 mol%, respectively). The 5-methylcytosine (5MC) content was determined in 8 sponge DNAs by a semiquantitative method. The values differed from 0.8 to 2.2 mol% o…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyBase (chemistry)GuanineIon chromatographyDeoxyribonucleosidesDNABiologybiology.organism_classificationChromatography Ion ExchangeHigh-performance liquid chromatographyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyThyminePoriferachemistry.chemical_compoundSpongechemistryAnimalsComposition (visual arts)CytosineChromatography High Pressure LiquidZeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C, Biosciences
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Deoxyribonucleases in Herpes simplex Virus Type 1 and 2 Infected Primary Rabbit Kidney Cells

1980

Abstract In primary rabbit kidney cells infected with herpes simplex virus four different neutral deoxyribonuclease activities can be detected by means of the deoxyribonuclease assay in DNA-containing polyacrylamide gels following their separation by discelectrophoresis. The method is suitable to follow independently the change in each activity of the different enzymes using only about 5 × 105 cells for each assay during the time-course of infection. Under these conditions one enzyme activity is constant, two disappear while the activity of a fourth one present only in infected cells, increases.

chemistry.chemical_classificationDeoxyribonucleasesbiologyChemistryDeoxyribonucleaseCell Transformation ViralKidneymedicine.disease_causeVirologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEnzyme assayKineticsHerpes simplex virusEnzymemedicinebiology.proteinRabbit kidneyAnimalsSimplexvirusRabbitsDeoxyribonucleasesCells CulturedZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
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Synthese von geschützten Asparagin-Glycopeptiden durch N-terminale Peptidketten- Verlängerung. _ Teilsequenzen der Rinder-Desoxyribonuclease A und de…

1983

N-[2-(Triphenylphosphonio)ethoxycarbonyl] -[Peoc-]asparaginsaure-benzylester (8h) und -tert-butylester (8i) werden mit 2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-desoxy-β -D-glucopyranosylamin (2) zu den N4-Glycosylasparagin-Derivaten 19 verknupft. Aus diesen kann die Peoc-Gruppe selektiv mit Diethylamin/tert-Butylalkohol oder Morpholin/Methylendichlorid abgespalten werden, wobei in den entstandenen N4-Glycosylasparaginestern 22 alle anderen Schutzgruppen und die glycosidische Bindung erhalten bleiben. Durch Kondensation von 22 mit Peoc-Aminosauren 8 entstehen die voll geschutzten N4-Glycosylasparagin-Dipetide 24 und 30. Bei Kondensation der N2 deblockierten N4-Glycosylasparaginester 22 mit den Peoc-…

chemistry.chemical_classificationDiethylaminechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDeoxyribonuclease AStereochemistryMorpholineOrganic ChemistryAspartic acidPeptideGlycosidic bondPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAmino acidLiebigs Annalen der Chemie
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Kinetic properties of a nucleoside phosphotransferase of chick embryo

1981

1. A nonspecific nucleoside phosphotransferase (nucleotide : 3'-deoxynucleotide 5'-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.77), purified from chick embryos, catalyzes the transfer of phosphate ester from a nucleotide donor to a nucleoside acceptor. 2. The enzyme exhibits sigmoidal kinetics with respect to nucleoside monophosphate donors, but with respect to nucleoside di- or triphosphate donors and nucleoside acceptors hyperbolic kinetics were obtained. 3. The nucleoside phosphotransferase of chick embryo is unstable to heat and is protected from inactivation by a large number of nucleosides. 4. Nucleoside di- and triphosphates lower both the concentration of nucleoside monophosphates required for hal…

chemistry.chemical_classificationHot TemperatureDeoxyribonucleotidesPhosphotransferasesKineticsNucleosidesGeneral MedicineRibonucleotidesNucleotidyltransferaseUridine DiphosphateNucleoside-diphosphate kinasePhosphotransferaseKineticsEnzymeDrug StabilitychemistryBiochemistrySettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaNucleoside phosphotransferaseAnimalsNucleotidechick embryoNucleoside
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Effects of isoflurane on the Dnase I activity in an isolated enzyme preparation and on the Dnase I-G actin complex

1991

Effects of isoflurane on the DNase I activity in an isolated enzyme preparation and in the DNase I-globular (G) actin complex were investigated. DNase I, DNase I-G actin complex, and G actin were exposed to various (0.2–4.0 vol%) isoflurane concentrations for 180 min. Thereafter, DNase I activity was determined. DNase I activity was inhibited in relation to time and concentration of isoflurane exposure. At concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 vol% of isoflurane inactive DNase I was activated in the DNase I-G actin complex. The DNase I inhibitor G actin showed a reduced capability to inhibit DNase I following isoflurane exposure. Albumin can inhibit the DNase I inactivation possibly by com…

chemistry.chemical_classificationProtein DenaturationIsofluraneAlbuminAbsorption (skin)BuffersToxicologyMolecular biologyActinschemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymechemistryBiochemistryIsofluranemedicineAnimalsDeoxyribonuclease ICattlePancreasDNAActinDNA Damagemedicine.drugJournal of Biochemical Toxicology
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Nucleoside phosphotransferase of chick embryo

1979

This paper describes a purification procedure and some properties of a nonspecific nucleoside phosphotransferase of chick embryo, an activity which catalyzes the transfer of chick embryo, an activity which catalyzes the transfer of the phosphate ester from a deoxyribonucleotide or a pyrimidine ribonucleotide to a deoxyribonucleoside acceptor. The enzyme is very unstable to heat, dilution and dialysis and it is almost entirely inactivated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography or gel filtration. A marked enhancement in its stability is caused by numerous nucleotides. In these experiments at least 920-fold purification was obtained by using dTTP (50 microM) as nucleotide protector. The enzyme, puri…

chemistry.chemical_classificationRibonucleotideClinical BiochemistrySize-exclusion chromatographyChick EmbryoCell BiologyGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationThymidine KinaseSubstrate SpecificityMolecular WeightDeoxyribonucleosidechemistry.chemical_compoundDeoxyribonucleotideEnzymeIsoelectric pointchemistryBiochemistryNucleoside phosphotransferaseChromatography GelAnimalsNucleotideMolecular BiologyMolecular and Cellular Biochemistry
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