Search results for "PICO"

showing 10 items of 343 documents

Lysine pathway metabolites and the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the PREDIMED study: results from two case-cohort studies

2019

[Background]: The pandemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) requires the identification of new predictor biomarkers. Biomarkers potentially modifiable with lifestyle changes deserve a special interest. Our aims were to analyze: (a) The associations of lysine, 2-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) or pipecolic acid with the risk of T2D or CVD in the PREDIMED trial; (b) the effect of the dietary intervention on 1-year changes in these metabolites, and (c) whether the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) interventions can modify the effects of these metabolites on CVD or T2D risk. [Methods]: Two unstratified case-cohort studies nested within the PREDIMED trial were used. For CVD analyses…

Malelcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemTime FactorsMediterranean dietEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismhumanosDiseaseType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDiet Mediterraneanchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRisk Factorsestudios prospectivosevaluación de riesgosMetabolites030212 general & internal medicineProspective Studiesmediana edadOriginal InvestigationPipecolic acidRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAged 80 and overancianodietaácidos pipecólicosensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados como asuntoresultado del tratamientoIncidenceType 2 diabetesMiddle AgedCardiovascular disease3. Good healthPrimary PreventionTreatment OutcomeCardiovascular DiseasesPipecolic AcidsFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicineconducta de reducción del riesgoCohort studymedicine.medical_specialtyenfermedades cardiovascularesácido 2-aminoadípicoRisk Assessmentincidencia03 medical and health sciencesfactores de tiempoInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineDiabetes Mellitusfactores de riesgoHumansAngiologyAgedProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryLysinemedicine.diseaseDietlisinaDietary interventionchemistryDiabetes Mellitus Type 2lcsh:RC666-701business2-Aminoadipic AcidRisk Reduction BehaviorBiomarkers
researchProduct

Aspartate aminotransferase and carbohydrate metabolism of rat brain

1969

E stato determinato il rapporto tra forma «piridossalica» e forma «piridossaminica» dell'aspartato aminotransferasi nell'encefalo totale di ratti albini durante l'ipoglicemia da insulina e l'iperglicemia da allossana. Il rapporto tra le due forme catalitiche dell'enzima e stato considerato un indice dell'efficienza del ciclo degli acidi tricarbossilici, ed e stata prospettata la possibilita che l'aspartato aminotransferasi abbia una funzione regolativa nei riguardi del ciclo.

Malemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentCitric Acid CycleAspartate AminotransferasesHypoglycemiaBiologyCarbohydrate metabolismDiabetes Mellitus ExperimentalCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsInsulinAspartate AminotransferasesCitratesPyruvatesMolecular BiologyPharmacologyAldehydesInsulinBrainSuccinatesCell BiologyCarbohydratemedicine.diseaseRat brainHypoglycemiaRatsCitric acid cycleEndocrinologyPicolinesMolecular MedicineExperientia
researchProduct

Viral Infections in Neonates with Suspected Late-Onset Bacterial Sepsis—A Prospective Cohort Study

2016

Objective The aim of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of viral infections in infants with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit. Methods In a prospective study, infants with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis underwent viral testing alongside routine blood culture sampling. Using a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed for adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus A and B, H1N1 virus, parainfluenza virus 1 to 4, metapneumovirus, coronavirus, and picornavirus. Stools were examined for adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus, and enterovirus.…

MalevirusesBacteremiamedicine.disease_causeLate Onset DisordersAdenovirus Infections HumanCohort StudiesFeces0302 clinical medicineRotavirusGermanyNasopharynxBlood culture030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesCoronavirusCaliciviridae InfectionsParamyxoviridae InfectionsNeonatal sepsismedicine.diagnostic_testReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionObstetrics and Gynecologyvirus diseasesVirus DiseasesOriginal ArticleFemaleNeonatal SepsisCoronavirus InfectionsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayvirusRespiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsRotavirus InfectionsSepsis03 medical and health sciences030225 pediatricsIntensive Care Units NeonatalInfluenza HumanmedicineEnterovirus InfectionsHumanslate-onset bacterial sepsisPicornaviridae Infectionsbusiness.industryInfant Newbornmedicine.diseaseVirologyneonatal intensive care unitinfectionBlood CultureBacteremiaPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthImmunologyNorovirusEnterovirusbusinessMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionAmerican Journal of Perinatology
researchProduct

Il litorale di Manfria (Gela) -

2010

Questo studio illustra il notevole patrimonio ambientale del Sito d'Interesse Comunitario "Torre Manfria", area tutelata ai sensi della Direttiva 92/43 CEE. Poiché l'area si trova nel comune di Gela, caratterizzato da una densità abitativa tra le più alte della Sicilia, l'occasione è buona anche per riflettere sui temi centrali del rapporto uomo-ambiente, prendendo spunto dagli innumerevoli esempi offerti dalla realtà locale. Ciò è stato fatto con la speranza di suscitare interesse verso un vivere "altro", che riconosca il valore della cultura, della conoscenza, dell'interazione virtuosa, facendosi ispirare dalla bellezza sobria ed essenziale degli ecosistemi.

Manfria habitat costieri impatto antropico SIC gestioneSettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata
researchProduct

Picosecond energy relaxation in

2005

Abstract Investigating the reflectance response dynamics of La 0.67 Ca 0.33 MnO 3 thin films after excitation by femtosecond laser pulses, we identify for the first time a picosecond relaxation step which only exists below the Curie temperature T C . The relaxation time increases from zero at T C to several picoseconds at low temperatures. The data can be explained with the existence of a magnetization-related effective energy gap, and assuming relaxation between these states to be mediated by a Frohlich-type electron–lattice interaction.

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsBand gapRelaxation (NMR)Condensed Matter PhysicsLaserElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationlawPicosecondFemtosecondCurie temperatureCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringExcitationPhysica B: Condensed Matter
researchProduct

Secondary relaxation in the glass-transition regime of ortho-terphenyl observed by incoherent neutron scattering.

1992

We report on incoherent-neutron-scattering measurements in the supercooled regime of the van der Waals liquid ortho-terphenyl. A secondary localized relaxational process on the picosecond time scale is found. In accordance with mode-coupling theories of the glass transition, the relaxational dynamics around a critical temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ decomposes into two time regimes.

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsIncoherent scatterNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Mattersymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCritical point (thermodynamics)TerphenylPicosecondsymbolsPhysics::Chemical Physicsvan der Waals forceGlass transitionSupercoolingPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
researchProduct

Direct temporal reconstruction of picosecond pulse by cross-correlation in semiconductor device

2012

Cross-correlation measurements using the two-photon absorption process in a semiconductor is experimentally demonstrated for two pulses of different wavelengths (shifted by ~200 nm) and durations (20 times ratio). These measurements were found to be highly repeatable and fully suitable for the determination of the temporal intensity profile of picosecond (ps) pulses.

Materials scienceCross-correlationbusiness.industrySemiconductor deviceIntensity (physics)WavelengthOpticsSemiconductorPicosecond pulsePicosecondOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Electronics Letters
researchProduct

Quadratic nonlinear optical parameters of 7% MgO-doped LiNbO3 crystal

2016

International audience; Pure and 7% MgO-doped lithium niobate (LiNbO3) single crystals were grown by the Czochralski technique. The shift of optical absorption edge in 7% MgO-doped crystal in direction of shorter wavelength compared to undoped crystal was observed. The second harmonic generation measurements of 7% MgO-doped LiNbO3 crystal were performed at room temperature by means of the rotational Maker fringe technique using Nd:YAG laser generating at 1064 nm in picoseconds regime. Experimentally obtained value of nonlinear optical coefficient d33 for 7% MgO-doped LiNbO3 was found to be less than for undoped crystal but higher than for 5% MgO-doped. I-type phase-matched second harmonic g…

Materials scienceLithium niobatePhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyPhase matching01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsInorganic ChemistryCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOpticslawCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters[CHIM]Chemical SciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryDopingSecond-harmonic generationSecond harmonic generationLithium niobate021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthchemistryAbsorption edgePicosecondOptoelectronicsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronsmaker fringes0210 nano-technologybusiness
researchProduct

Ultrafast antiferromagnetic switching in NiO induced by spin transfer torques

2020

NiO is a prototypical antiferromagnet with a characteristic resonance frequency in the THz range. From atomistic spin dynamics simulations that take into account the crystallographic structure of NiO, and in particular a magnetic anisotropy respecting its symmetry, we describe antiferromagnetic switching at THz frequency by a spin transfer torque mechanism. Sub-picosecond S-state switching between the six allowed stable spin directions is found for reasonably achievable spin currents, like those generated by laser induced ultrafast demagnetization. A simple procedure for picosecond writing of a six-state memory is described, thus opening the possibility to speed up current logic of electron…

Materials scienceOrders of magnitude (temperature)Physics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesAntiferromagnetism010306 general physicsSpin-½Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsNon-blocking I/OSpin-transfer torqueMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySymmetry (physics)3. Good healthCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterMagnetic anisotropyPicosecondCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyPhysics - Computational PhysicsOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
researchProduct

In situ tuning of a photonic band gap with laser pulses

2008

We report on light-induced optical tuning of colloidal photonic crystals doped with gold nanoparticles (Au-nps). By resonantly exciting the Au-np surface plasmon absorption with picosecond pulses at 0.53 micron in a standard pump-probe setup, we observed permanent changes in the stop band resonance around 1.7 micron, with blue wavelength shifts as large as 30 nm and associated to a nanoparticle reshaping. Fine tuning was achieved by controlling either the pulse energy or the irradiation time.

Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industrySurface plasmonPhysics::OpticsColloidal crystaloptical tuningLaserlaw.inventionOpticslawPicosecondOptoelectronicsPhotonic crystalSurface plasmon resonancebusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Photonic crystalLocalized surface plasmon
researchProduct