Search results for "POLYSACCHARIDE"

showing 10 items of 635 documents

Gellan gum-based delivery systems of therapeutic agents and cells.

2020

The purpose of this review is to make a summary of high quality research trends using gellan gum (GG) as a polymeric constituent for the design of innovative drug delivery systems and devices for biomedical applications, such as cell therapy and regenerative medicine. The use of gellan gum is described both in its native form and as chemically functionalized derivatives or physically mixed with natural or synthetic materials. Starting from a systematic study of recent research works, the main properties of the native polysaccharide have been highlighted and therefore some improvements have been focused thanks to the design of chemically functionalized derivatives and the use of composite ma…

OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATIONPolymers and PlasticsCell- and Tissue-Based TherapyNanotechnologyCONTROLLED-RELEASE02 engineering and technologyHigh quality researchRHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES010402 general chemistryPolysaccharide01 natural sciencesRegenerative medicineMUCOADHESIVE BEADSSynthetic materialsSITU GELLING SYSTEMchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsMaterials ChemistryAnimalsHumanschemistry.chemical_classificationDOUBLE NETWORK HYDROGELChemistryOrganic ChemistryPolysaccharides BacterialSPONGY-LIKE HYDROGELSHYALURONIC-ACIDIN-VITRO021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGellan GumGellan gum0104 chemical sciencesdrug deliveryDrug deliverycell therapy0210 nano-technologySTEM-CELLSCarbohydrate polymers
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The Role of Medicinal Mushrooms in Brain Cancer Therapies: Review.

2021

Medicinal mushrooms are considered an unlimited source of polysaccharides (mainly β-glucans) and polysaccharide-protein complexes and possess various immunological and anticancer properties. In addition, their use in integrative medicine leads to a clear reduction of side effects in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The literature reports a number of beneficial effects of using mushrooms as health supplements in patients affected by high-grade glioma. The effects of medicinal mushrooms on side effects in patients with brain cancer and a case study report are also described in this review.

Oncologymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentMEDLINEApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBrain cancerStudy reportPolysaccharidesInternal medicineGliomaDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansIn patientintegrative therapies brain cancer glioblastoma medicinal mushrooms mycotherapeutic supportPharmacologyChemotherapybusiness.industryBrain Neoplasmsmedicine.diseaseRadiation therapySettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataDietary SupplementsIntegrative medicinebusinessAgaricalesInternational journal of medicinal mushrooms
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An international perspective on hospitalized patients with viral community-acquired pneumonia

2019

Background Who should be tested for viruses in patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP), prevalence and risk factors for viral CAP are still debated. We evaluated the frequency of viral testing, virus prevalence, risk factors and treatment coverage with oseltamivir in patients admitted for CAP. Methods Secondary analysis of GLIMP, an international, multicenter, point-prevalence study of hospitalized adults with CAP. Testing frequency, prevalence of viral CAP and treatment with oseltamivir were assessed among patients who underwent a viral swab. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate risk factors. Results 553 (14.9%) patients with CAP underwent nasal swab. Viral CA…

PNEUMONIAMaleMultivariate analysisInternationalityPCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccineDatabases FactualHospitalized patientsmedicine.medical_treatmentvirusesCAD coronary artery diseaseTesting030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyMRSA methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureusPneumònia adquirida a la comunitatRT-PCR reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactionchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineCommunity-acquired pneumoniaTaverne80 and overCommunity-Acquired InfectionViral030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesAged 80 and overRIDT rapid influenza diagnostic testCAP community-acquired pneumoniaRSV Respiratory Syncytial virusMiddle AgedICU intensive care unitCommunity-Acquired InfectionsHospitalizationNasal SwabInfectious diseasesFemaleViral swabHumanOseltamivirmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelCommunity-acquired pneumoniaViral pneumoniaCommunity acquired pneumonia; Influenza; Oseltamivir; Testing; Viral pneumonia; Viral swab; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Community-Acquired Infections; Cross-Sectional Studies; Databases Factual; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Influenza Human; Internationality; Logistic Models; Male; Medication Adherence; Middle Aged; Oseltamivir; Pneumonia Viral; Prospective StudiesPneumonia ViralAdmissionSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioInfluenzavirusAntiviral AgentsVirusArticleMedication AdherenceHMPV human MetapneumovirusDatabases03 medical and health sciencesLRTI lower respiratory tract infectionOseltamivirInternal medicineInfluenza HumanInternal MedicinemedicineInfluenza virusesHumansHIV Human Immunodeficiency virusPPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccineIn patientFactualAgedMechanical ventilationAntiviral AgentCross-Sectional Studiebusiness.industryFEV1 forced expiratory volume in one secondGLIMP global initiative for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumoniaESBL extended-spectrum beta-lactamasesPneumoniamedicine.diseaseInfluenzaCommunity acquired pneumoniaCI confidence intervalOR odds ratioCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelschemistryCOPD chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasebusinessCommunity acquired pneumonia ; Influenza ; Oseltamivir ; Testing ; Viral pneumonia ; Viral swab
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Quantitative structure-property relationships approach of aroma compounds behaviour in polysaccharide gels

2010

International audience; Pectin and carrageenan are common used thickeners in fat free foods. The aim of this work was to study separately and to compare their respective effects on the aroma release, in order to investigate the nature of involved interactions. In this way, we studied the influence of the chemical structure of 13 aroma compounds on retention/release equilibrium between vapour phase and gels using QSPR tools. Six descriptors are involved in the best obtained QSPR equations, and three of them appeared to play a critical role in the behaviour of aroma compound. Our results put forward the role of polar effects on the retention of odorant molecules in both iota-carrageenan and p…

POLYSACCHARIDE[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringQSPR[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringfood and beverages[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringODORANTS[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringRETENTION-RELEASE
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Traditional Chinese herbal medicine at the forefront battle against COVID-19: Clinical experience and scientific basis.

2020

Abstract Background Throughout the 5000-year history of China, more than 300 epidemics were recorded. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM) has been used effectively to combat each of these epidemics’ infections, and saved many lives. To date, there are hundreds of herbal TCM formulae developed for the purpose of prevention and treatment during epidemic infections. When COVID-19 ravaged the Wuhan district in China in early January 2020, without a deep understanding about the nature of COVID-19, patients admitted to the TCM Hospital in Wuhan were immediately treated with TCM and reported later with >90% efficacy. Approach We conducted conduct a systematic survey of various TCM herbal pre…

PTGS2 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2BattleAIV avian influenza virusCoV coronavirusPharmaceutical ScienceiNOS nitric oxide synthaseViral infection0302 clinical medicinePA patchouli alcoholSARS Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeSMD Sheganmahuang decoctionDrug DiscoveryPandemicIL InterleukinMedicine Chinese TraditionalALI acute lung injuriesmedia_commonCOVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019MXSG Ma xing shi gan decoction0303 health sciencesTNF tumor necrosis factorClinical Trials as TopicCCL2 CC chemokine ligand 2FM1 FM1 coronavirusICU intensive care unitc-AMP cyclic adenosine phosphateHIV human immunodeficiency virus030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCOX-2 cyclooxygenase-2Molecular MedicineHerbal preparationsMedicinal herbsAbbreviations: ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme IITCM traditional Chinese medicineHSV-1 herpes simplex virus 1CASP3 caspase 3medicine.medical_specialtyChinaCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Systematic surveymedia_common.quotation_subjectJEV Japanese encephalitis virusNF-κB nuclear factor kappa B cellsAntiviral AgentsArticleWHO World Health Organization03 medical and health sciencesIEC-6 rat intestinal epithelial cell line 6SOD superoxide dismutaseCDC Center for Disease Control and PreventionmedicineAVP arginine vasopressinPGE2 prostaglandin E2HumansIntensive care medicineLH Lianhuaqingwen capsule030304 developmental biologyPharmacologyMedicinal herbMDA malondialdehydeGCGJ Gancao ganjiang decoctionNO nitric oxidePlants Medicinalbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2COVID-19CXCL C-X-C- motif chemokineMDCK Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cellsTLR-4 Toll-like receptor-4COVID-19 Drug TreatmentComplementary and alternative medicineViral infectionLPS lipopolysaccharidesRSV respiratory syncytial virusQFPD Qingfeipaidu decoctionbusinessLung congestionECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinasePhytotherapyDrugs Chinese HerbalPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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Retention of Carvacrol and Ethyl Acetate in Aqueous Gels of Potato Starch and Konjac Glucomannan

2014

The partition coefficients of two volatile compounds in dispersions containing potato starch (PS) and/or konjac glucomannan (KGM) have been determined by the phase ratio variation method using equilibrium headspace analysis by gas chromatography. The influence of the moment when volatile compounds were added and the effect of the polysaccharide dispersions were investigated. For ethyl acetate, retention by KGM was based on viscosity effect. Retention of carvacrol was important when amylose was accessible. The addition of KGM to PS suspensions decreased the retention governed by interactions with starch.

Partition coefficientchemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundChromatographychemistryStarchAmyloseEthyl acetateCarvacrolGas chromatographyPolysaccharidePotato starch
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Functional Adhesion of Pectin Biopolymers to the Lung Visceral Pleura

2021

Pleural injuries and the associated “air leak” are the most common complications after pulmonary surgery. Air leaks are the primary reason for prolonged chest tube use and increased hospital length of stay. Pectin, a plant-derived heteropolysaccharide, has been shown to be an air-tight sealant of pulmonary air leaks. Here, we investigate the morphologic and mechanical properties of pectin adhesion to the visceral pleural surface of the lung. After the application of high-methoxyl citrus pectin films to the murine lung, we used scanning electron microscopy to demonstrate intimate binding to the lung surface. To quantitatively assess pectin adhesion to the pleural surface, we used a custom ad…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyfood.ingredientPolymers and PlasticsPectinmedicine.medical_treatmentOrganic chemistryPectin bindingPaint adhesion testingArticleair leakslungGlycocalyxfoodQD241-441medicineCitrus PectinpectinLungChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesGeneral ChemistryAdhesionrespiratory systemrespiratory tract diseasesChest tubeadhesionmedicine.anatomical_structurepleurapolysaccharidescanning electron microscopyPolymers
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Water-Dependent Blending of Pectin Films: The Mechanics of Conjoined Biopolymers

2020

Biodegradable pectin polymers have been recommended for a variety of biomedical applications, ranging from the delivery of oral drugs to the repair of injured visceral organs. A promising approach to regulate pectin biostability is the blending of pectin films. To investigate the development of conjoined films, we examined the physical properties of high-methoxyl pectin polymer-polymer (homopolymer) interactions at the adhesive interface. Pectin polymers were tested in glass phase (10&ndash

PectinPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryDiffusionBiopolymersTheoretical and Computational ChemistryPhase (matter)Drug DiscoveryComposite materialchemistry.chemical_classificationpectindigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesPolymerAdhesion021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCompressive strengthChemistry (miscellaneous)ArtificialMolecular MedicinePectins0210 nano-technologyscanning electron microscopyanimal structuresfood.ingredientMaterials sciencehomopolymer adhesionmacromolecular substances010402 general chemistrycomplex mixturesPaint adhesion testingArticlelcsh:QD241-441Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistryfoodlcsh:Organic chemistryPolysaccharidesUltimate tensile strengthPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMembranesOrganic ChemistryWaterMembranes Artificial0104 chemical scienceschemistryfracture mechanicspolysaccharideAdhesiveGlassGelsMolecules
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Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) concurrently administered with a DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib combi…

2006

Abstract Background To evaluate immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of a hexavalent combination vaccine diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio virus- Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib) when coadministered with a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Methods Infants received either a hexavalent diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio virus- H. influenzae type b vaccine concomitantly with PCV7 or DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib alone infants were vaccinated at 2, 3 and 4 months (primary immunization) and 12–15 months of age (booster dose). Local and systemic reactions and adverse events were monitored following each do…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationBooster doseDiphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccinescomplex mixturesPneumococcal conjugate vaccinePneumococcal VaccinesmedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesVaccines CombinededucationWhooping coughBacterial CapsulesHaemophilus Vaccineseducation.field_of_studyReactogenicityGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industryTetanusDiphtheriaPolysaccharides BacterialPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfantmedicine.diseaseVaccinationPoliovirus Vaccine InactivatedInfectious DiseasesImmunologyAntibody FormationMolecular MedicineImmunizationbusinessmedicine.drugVaccine
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The potential for pneumococcal vaccination in Hajj pilgrims: expert opinion.

2013

Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and is one of the largest mass gathering events in the world. Acute respiratory tract infections are very common during Hajj, primarily as a result of close contact among pilgrims, intense congestion, shared accommodation and air pollution. A number of vaccines are (or have been) recommended for Hajj pilgrims in recent years. Several additional vaccines could significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality at Hajj and should be considered in health recommendations for pilgrims. Pneumococcal vaccines (particularly for those aged >65 years) are widely available, and have been shown to reduce the burden of disease associat…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationSaudi ArabiaIslamPneumococcal conjugate vaccinePneumococcal InfectionsPneumococcal VaccinesEnvironmental healthMass gatheringMedicineTravel medicineHumanseducationeducation.field_of_studyTravelRespiratory tract infectionsbusiness.industryReligion and MedicinePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthPneumococcal polysaccharide vaccineVaccinationInfectious DiseasesCrowdingHajjbusinessTravel Medicinemedicine.drugTravel medicine and infectious disease
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