Search results for "PREP"
showing 10 items of 1334 documents
Trait-specific tracking and determinants of body composition: a 7-year follow-up study of pubertal growth in girls
2008
Abstract Background Understanding how bone (BM), lean (LM) and fat mass (FM) develop through childhood, puberty and adolescence is vital since it holds key information regarding current and future health. Our study aimed to determine how BM, LM and FM track from prepuberty to early adulthood in girls and what factors are associated with intra- and inter-individual variation in these three tissues. Methods The study was a 7-year longitudinal cohort study. BM, LM and FM measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, self-reported dietary information, leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and other factors were assessed one to eight times in 396 girls aged 10 to 13 years (baseline), and in 2…
Drug load and memory during intracarotid amobarbital procedure in epilepsy
2021
Background Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) have been related to poor cognitive function, but their relationship with intracarotid amobarbital procedure (IAP) results remains unclear. Aims of the study To elucidate whether the number and drug load of ASMs are associated with memory scores of the IAP and the neuropsychological assessment. Methods Fifty-nine adult patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (mean age = 36.1, SD = 11.6) underwent bilateral IAP (with drawings and words as memory items) and a neuropsychological assessment to assess the risk of post-surgical memory decline. Total ASM drug load was calculated by summing the daily dose/defined daily dose ratio of every ASM of each patient…
Role of leuprolide acetate depot in hysteroscopic surgery: a controlled study.
1993
Objective To evaluate leuprolide acetate (LA) depot (Enantone Depot, Takeda, Italy) when administered preoperatively in hysteroscopic surgery. Design Prospective, comparative study. Setting University Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Patients One hundred ninety-three patients (114 pretreated with LA depot and 79 controls) who underwent hysteroscopic surgery for uterine septa (group A), submucous fibroids (group B), and abnormal uterine bleeding (group C). Results In groups B and C there was a significant reduction in the operating time, bleeding during the operation, and the amount of distention medium required after LA depot administration, but no significant differences in surgical fe…
Bone and Muscle Development During Puberty in Girls: A Seven-Year Longitudinal Study
2009
The growth of lean mass precedes that of bone mass, suggesting that muscle plays an important role in the growth of bone. However, to date, no study has directly followed the growth of bone and muscle size through puberty and into adulthood. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the growth of muscle size precedes that of bone size (width and length) and mass during puberty. Bone and muscle properties were measured using pQCT and DXA in 258 healthy girls at baseline (mean age, 11.2 yr) and 1-, 2-, 3-4- and 7-yr follow-up. Growth trends as a function of time relative to menarche were determined from prepuberty to early adulthood for tibial length (TL), total cross-sectional area (tCSA)…
Biportal neuroendoscopic microsurgical approaches to the subarachnoid cisterns. A cadaver study.
1996
A preclinical cadaver study was performed to develop the technique of biportal neuroendoscopic dissection in the subarachnoid space of the basal cisterns and to test the feasibility, utility, and safety of this new technique. In 23 fresh post-mortem adult human cadavers and 2 formalin-fixed adult human head specimen a total of 33 biportal endomicrosurgical dissections into and within the basal cisterns were carried out. Following suction of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space 0 degree-, 30 degrees-, and 70 degrees-lens-scopes (Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany) with outer diameters of 4.2 mm and trochars with outer diameters of 5 to 6.5 mm were introduced into the surgical field.…
Screening of pharmacologic adulterant classes in herbal formulations using voltammetry of microparticles.
2013
A solid state electrochemical method for screening different families of adulterant chemicals illegally added to commercial phytotherapuetic formulations is described. The proposed method, based on the voltammetry of microparticles approach, permits a fast and sensitive way to distinguish between anorexics (amfepramone, fenproporex, sibutramine), benzozodiazepinic anxiolytics (clonazepam, flurazepam, alprazolam, midazolam, medazepam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam), antidepressants (bupropione, fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine), diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, chlortalidone, amiloride, spironolactone), and hypoglycemics (glimepiride, chlorpropamide, glibenclamide) based on charact…
Drop-on-demand sample introduction system coupled with the flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow for direct molecular analysis of complex liquid mic…
2012
One of the fastest developing fields in analytical spectrochemistry in recent years is ambient desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (ADI-MS). This burgeoning interest has been due to the demonstrated advantages of the method: simple mass spectra, little or no sample preparation, and applicability to samples in the solid, liquid, or gaseous state. One such ADI-MS source, the flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow (FAPA), is capable of direct analysis of solids just by aiming the source at the solid surface and sampling the produced ions into a mass spectrometer. However, direct introduction of significant volumes of liquid samples into this source has not been possible, as solvent loads c…
Force control and powder dispersibility of spray dried particles for inhalation
2009
This study aims towards a deeper understanding of the correlation between particle morphology, cohesion forces, and aerosol performance of spray dried powders for inhalation. Therefore, forces affecting cohesion and dispersion are consid- ered and some novel contact models are introduced to explain the improved powder dispersibility of corrugated particles. Particles with different degrees of corrugation are prepared by spray drying and characterized. Powder dispersibility is measured by positioning a dry powder inhaler in front of the laser diffraction device. The particle sizes of all powders are in the range of x50 ¼ 2.11 � 0.15 mm. The ratio of mass specific surface area Sm to volume sp…
Gel Electrophoresis Coupled to Inductively Coupled Plasma−Mass Spectrometry Using Species-Specific Isotope Dilution for Iodide and Iodate Determinati…
2007
In this paper, we present an online coupling of gel electrophoresis (GE) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the determination of iodine species (iodide and iodate) in liquid (seawater) and aerosol samples. For the first time, this approach is applied to the analysis of small molecules, and initial systematic investigations revealed that the migration behavior as well as the detection sensitivity strongly depends on the matrix (e.g., high concentrations of chloride). These effects could consequently affect the accuracy of analytical results, so that they need to be considered for the analysis of real samples. The technique used for quantification is species-specifi…
Determination of aflatoxins in peanuts by matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography
2003
A new method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction was studied to determine aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 from peanuts. Optimization of different parameters, such as type of solid supports for matrix dispersion and elution solvents were carried out. The method used 2 g of peanut sample, 2 g of C18 bonded silica as MSPD sorbent and acetonitrile as eluting solvent. Recoveries of each aflatoxin spiked to peanut samples at 2.5 ng/g (5 ng/g for aflatoxin G2) level were between 78 and 86% with relative standard deviations ranging from 4 to 7%. The limits of quantification ranged from 0.125 to 2.5 ng/g for the four studied aflatoxins using liquid chromatography (LC) with fluoresce…