Search results for "Phenanthrene"
showing 10 items of 101 documents
Molybdenum Pentachloride Mediated Synthesis of Spirocyclic Compounds by Intramolecular Oxidative Coupling
2015
The oxidative treatment of (m)ethyl 2-aryl cinnamates equipped with methoxy groups in position 4 of the phenyl moiety promote the formation of cyclohexadienone substructures. This dealkylative oxidative C–C coupling gives access to spirocyclic compounds and avoids the construction of the corresponding phenanthrenes. Furthermore, the transformation can be expanded to other spirocyclic systems.
Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urine of lactating mothers: Urinary levels, association with lifestyle factors, and risk ass…
2020
Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pollutants produced during incomplete combustion of organic matter and several industrial processes. Humans can be exposed to PAHs through ingestion of food, inhalation of tobacco smoke or polluted air, and dermal contact, causing immunologic, developmental, and reproductive problems. In the present research, eleven metabolites of PAHs were analyzed in the urine of 110 lactating women living in Spain (2015). PAH metabolites were extracted from the urine samples by liquid-liquid extraction and their determination was performed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, information on lifestyle and dietary ha…
Children’s exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Valencian Region (Spain): Urinary levels, predictors of exposure and risk assessment
2021
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pollutants that are released into the environment during incomplete combustion of organic matter and which can have a negative effect on human health. PAHs enter the human body mostly through ingestion of food or inhalation of tobacco smoke. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the internal levels of PAHs that children living in the Valencian Region (Spain) are exposed to. In total, we measured eleven biomarkers of exposure to naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in the urine of 566 children aged 5-12. The analytical method was based on a liquid-liquid extraction of the PAH metabolites from the urine samples, …
Retene causes multifunctional transcriptomic changes in the heart of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) embryos
2015
Fish are particularly sensitive to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated developmental toxicity. The molecular mechanisms behind these adverse effects have remained largely unresolved in salmonids, and for AhR-agonistic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study explored the cardiac transcriptome of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eleuteroembryos exposed to retene, an AhR-agonistic PAH. The embryos were exposed to retene (nominal concentration 32 μg/L) and control, their hearts were collected before, at and after the onset of the visible signs of developmental toxicity, and transcriptomic changes were studied by microarray analysis. Retene up- or down-regulated 122 genes. Th…
Cryptotanshinone deregulates unfolded protein response and eukaryotic initiation factor signaling in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
2015
Abstract Background: Unfolded protein responses (UPR) determine cell fate and are recognized as anticancer targets. In a previous research, we reported that cryptotanshinone (CPT) exerted cytotoxic effects toward acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells through mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Purpose: In the present study, we further investigated the role of UPR in CPT-induced cytotoxicity on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells by applying tools of pharmacogenomics and bioinformatics. Methods: Gene expression profiling was performed by mRNA microarray hybridization. Potential transcription factor binding motifs were identified in the promoter regions of the deregulated genes by Cistrome software.…
Internal exposure of firefighting instructors to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during live fire training
2019
Firefighting instructors in live fire training are inevitably exposed to emissions containing, carcinogenic PAH. The study investigated PAH uptake in a group of firefighting instructors during short-term exposure in live fire training by urinary biomonitoring. Six firefighting instructors (non-smokers) completed five 2 h-training sessions each in a carbonaceous-fired simulation unit using self-containing breathing apparatuses (SCBA). Complying with a minimum time interval of six days between the individual training sessions, the participants provided urine samples before and immediately after, as well as 1, 3, 6, 9, 11, and 18 h after each training session. Samples were analyzed for 10 mono…
External and internal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) among workers in the production of fire-proof materials – Proposal of a biol…
2006
In 1999, we introduced the German polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) study. The study was designed as a nation-wide investigation on workers exposed to PAH. One aim of the study was to establish biological monitoring guidance values (BMGVs) for different branches. Here, we report on the production of fire-proof materials. This branch of industry is typically confronted with high exposure to PAH and with PAH-induced occupational (cancer) diseases. One hundred and thirty-five employees participated in the course of seven sampling dates in four different plants in Germany. External exposure was determined by personal air monitoring of the 16 EPA-PAH. Human biological monitoring was accompl…
A New Phenanthrene Glycoside and Other Constituents from Dioscorea opposita
2005
Phytochemical investigation of the rhizome of Dioscorea opposita has led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene glycoside, 3,4,6-trihydroxyphenanthrene-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), and five known compounds, soyacerebroside I (2), adenosine (3), beta-sitosterol (4), palmitic acid (5) and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (6). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR. Compounds 1-6 exhibited no antifungal activity against the human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation inhibited by aporphine and phenanthrene alkaloids semi-synthesized from natural boldine.
2004
Four phenanthrene and one aporphine alkaloids semi-synthesized from boldine were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. ROS generation by neutrophils stimulated with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine was inhibited in a concentration dependent manner. Alkaloids exerted similar inhibitory effect in the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system than in stimulated neutrophils, which could be attributed to a direct ROS scavenging activity. None of the alkaloids assayed had any effect on xanthine oxidase activity. Therefore the synthesized alkaloids might constitute an alternative therapy in inflammation disorders in which ROS generation is involved.
Studies of the binding of diolepoxide metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to DNA using electrofluorescence polarization spectroscopy
1996
In the electrofluorescence method, a solution of DNA with covalently bound polycyclic hydrocarbons is placed in an electric field, and changes in the intensity of polarized fluorescence are observed. Under the correct conditions, these charges can be used to determine a value for the angle psi between the long axis of the hydrocarbon molecule and the axis of the DNA helix. For DNA or poly(dA-dT) treated with each stereoisomer of anti-benzo[c]phenanthrene diolepoxide, psi ranged from 55 degrees to 61 degrees, consistent with a mixture of quasi-intercalated adenine adducts and externally bound guanine adducts. Similar results were obtained with another set of 'fjord-region' diolepoxides, deri…