Search results for "Pigment epithelium"
showing 10 items of 75 documents
Oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelium cells increases exosome secretion and promotes angiogenesis in endothelial cells.
2015
10 páginas, 5 figuras
Role of retinal pigment epithelium-derived exosomes and autophagy in new blood vessel formation
2018
Autophagy and exosome secretion play important roles in a variety of physiological and disease states, including the development of age‐related macular degeneration. Previous studies have demonstrated that these cellular mechanisms share common pathways of activation. Low oxidative damage in ARPE‐19 cells, alters both autophagy and exosome biogenesis. Moreover, oxidative stress modifies the protein and genetic cargo of exosomes, possibly affecting the fate of surrounding cells. In order to understand the connection between these two mechanisms and their impact on angiogenesis, stressed ARPE‐19 cells were treated with a siRNA‐targeting Atg7, a key protein for the formation of autophagosomes.…
Ocular autofluorescence in diabetes mellitus. A review
2016
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with a considerable impact on healthcare owing to its increased prevalence and high mortality rate. Structural, morphological, and physiological changes in each of the ocular components have been described in detail. Autofluorescence has been described as a good indicator of metabolic activity. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of ocular endogenous fluorophores in the cornea, the crystalline lens, and the retinal pigment epithelium, the effects of diabetes mellitus and therefore the potential of autofluorescence assessment for screening and monitoring changes in diabetic patients.
Confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy versus modified conventional fundus camera for fundus autofluorescence.
2016
Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a noninvasive imaging method to detect fundus endogenous fluorophores, mainly lipofuscin located in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The FAF provides information about lipofuscin distribution and RPE health, and consequently an increased accumulation of lipofuscin has been correlated with ageing and development of certain retinal conditions. Areas covered: An exhaustive literature search in MEDLINE (via OVID) and PUBMED for articles related to ocular FAF in retinal diseases and different devices used for acquiring FAF imaging was conducted. Expert commentary: This review aims to show an overview about autofluorescence in the RPE and the main devices use…
Role of Ocular Angiogenic Factors in the Development of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
2020
Abstract Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative eye disease. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is the advanced form of AMD characterised by abnormal growth of newly formed blood vessels in chorioidea which typically involves fluid accumulation in the retina or retinal haemorrhage, retinal epithelial detachments, hard exudate or subretinal scars. The process of angiogenesis is controlled by ocular angiogenic factors, which have enabled the development of different treatment options aimed at these factors. This review aims to compile the available information about the most commonly identified ocular angiogenic factors, uncovering their role in …
Oxidation-Induced Increase In Photoreactivity of Bovine Retinal Lipid Extract
2017
Open access original paper Source : 10th EPR Workshop on Applications of EPR in Biology and Medicine, 2016 in Krakow, POLAND.; International audience; The mammalian retina contains a high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) (DHA), which are highly susceptible to oxidation. It has been shown that one of the products of DHA oxidation-carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP), generated in situ, causes modifications of retinal proteins and induces inflammation response in the outer retina. These contributing factors may play a role in the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It is also possible that some of the lipid oxidation products are photoreactiv…
Two Novel Deletions (Array CGH Findings) in Pigment Dispersion Syndrome
2007
Purpose: We report the first male with pigment dispersion syndrome and a balanced translocation t(10;15)(p11.1;q11.1). Methods: Cytogenetic analyses using Giemsa banding and FISH methods, and array CGH were performed. Results: Array CGH analyses did not show altered DNA sequences in the breakpoints of the translocation, but revealed two novel deletions in 2q22.1 and 18q22.1. Conclusion: We suppose that the coexistence of t(10;15) and pigment dispersion syndrome in our patient is a coincidence. The deletion in 2q22.1, where the gene LRP1B has been located, may play a major role in the dysembryogenesis of the eye and cause the disorder.
Clinical patterns and electrophysiological findings in retinal pigment epithelium diseases. Does a correlation exist?
1986
At present it is difficult to distinguish those human chorioretinal diseases in which the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the primary site of dysfunction. This difficulty is caused by several factors such as scarcity of biochemical and histological information and a lack of correlation of basic science information available with the clinical body of knowledge. In the present study we examined 134 eyes at early or late stages of hereditary diseases involving the RPE. We tried to distinguish primary RPE involvement by using standard ERG (a- and b-wave) and EOG testing. We conclude that in general primary RPE damage can be better assessed by current electrophysiology in those diseases whic…
Bilateral maculopathy after exposure to a laser pointer: Optical coherence tomography angiography findings.
2018
Abstract Case report A 36-year-old man went to the emergency department the day after exposure to a laser pointer. Funduscopy revealed dispersed macular pigment alterations, and optical coherence tomography showed a disruption of the retinal layers. The visual acuity was counting fingers in both eyes. Nine months later, optical coherence tomography angiography showed a rarefaction in the choriocapillaris vascular flow in the area of the laser injuries. Discussion The retinal layer mainly damaged by the laser injury was the retinal pigment epithelium. However, it is suggested that the laser injury could involve tissues beyond the retinal pigment epithelium, since a rarefaction of the chorioc…
Optical coherence tomography of chorioretinal and choroidal folds
2007
. Purpose: To report the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in cases of chorioretinal and choroidal folds. Methods: Eight subjects with folds of the fundus of the eye were examined with fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, B-scan ultrasonography and Stratus OCT. Results: Two types patterns were found on OCT. Five cases showed undulating retinal as well as retinal pigment epithelial lines of normal thickness; these were defined as chorioretinal folds. The posterior vitreous surface often adhered to the crests of the folds only. Three cases exhibited a wavy appearance of the retinal pigment epithelium and a flat retinal surface; these were classified as choroidal folds. Co…