Search results for "Plant defense"

A β-1,3 Glucan Sulfate Induces Resistance in Grapevine against Plasmopara viticola Through Priming of Defense Responses, Including HR-like Cell Death

2008

Sulfated laminarin (PS3) has been shown previously to be an elicitor of plant defense reactions in tobacco and Arabidopsis and to induce protection against tobacco mosaic virus. Here, we have demonstrated the efficiency of PS3 in protecting a susceptible grapevine cultivar (Vitis vinifera cv. Marselan) against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) under glasshouse conditions. This induced resistance was associated with potentiated H2O2 production at the infection sites, upregulation of defense-related genes, callose and phenol depositions, and hypersensitive response-like cell death. Interestingly, similar responses were observed following P. viticola inoculation in a tolerant grapevine hybri…

Analysis of the Molecular Dialogue Between Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) and Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) Reveals a Clear Shift in Defense Mechanisms Du…

2015

Mature grapevine berries at the harvesting stage (MB) are very susceptible to the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea, while veraison berries (VB) are not. We conducted simultaneous microscopic and transcriptomic analyses of the pathogen and the host to investigate the infection process developed by B. cinerea on MB versus VB, and the plant defense mechanisms deployed to stop the fungus spreading. On the pathogen side, our genome-wide transcriptomic data revealed that B. cinerea genes upregulated during infection of MB are enriched in functional categories related to necrotrophy, such as degradation of the plant cell wall, proteolysis, membrane transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) genera…

Fatty acids bind to the fungal elicitor cryptogein and compete with sterols

2001

Abstract Cryptogein is a proteinaceous elicitor of plant defense reactions which also exhibits sterol carrier properties. In this study, we report that this protein binds fatty acids. The stoichiometry of the fatty acid–cryptogein complex is 1:1. Linoleic acid and dehydroergosterol compete for the same site, but elicitin affinity is 27 times lower for fatty acid than for sterol. We show that C7 to C12 saturated and C16 to C22 unsaturated fatty acids are the best ligands. The presence of double bonds markedly increases the affinity of cryptogein for fatty acids. A comparison between elicitins and known lipid transfer proteins is discussed.

Are elicitins cryptograms in plant-oomycete communications?

1999

Stimulation of plant natural defenses is an important challenge in phytoprotection prospects. In that context, elicitins, which are small proteins secreted by Phytophthora and Pythium species, have been shown to induce a hypersensitive-like reaction in tobacco plants. Moreover, these plants become resistant to their pathogens, and thus this interaction constitutes an excellent model to investigate the signaling pathways leading to plant resistance. However, most plants are not reactive to elicitins, although they possess the functional signaling pathways involved in tobacco responses to elicitin. The understanding of factors involved in this reactivity is needed to develop agronomic applica…

Co-Infections by Fusarium circinatum and Phytophthora spp. on Pinus radiata: Complex Phenotypic and Molecular Interactions

2021

13 Pág. Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR)

Microbiological control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi with special emphasis on wilt-inducing Fusarium oxysporum

2009

Contents   Summary  529 I. Biological control of plant diseases: state of the art  530 II. Main modes of action of biological control agents  530 III. The protective strains of F. oxysporum: an unexplored model  532 IV. Future directions for the study of the protective capacity of strains of F. oxysporum  539 V. How to make biological control successful in the field?  540   References  541 Summary Plant diseases induced by soil-borne plant pathogens are among the most difficult to control. In the absence of effective chemical control methods, there is renewed interest in biological control based on application of populations of antagonistic micro-organisms. In addition to Pseudomonas spp. a…

Mutations in DMI3 and SUNN modify the appressorium-responsive root proteome in arbuscular mycorrhiza.

2006

Modification of the Medicago truncatula root proteome during the early stage of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis was investigated by comparing, using two-dimensional electrophoresis, the protein patterns obtained from non-inoculated roots and roots synchronized for Glomus intraradices appressorium formation. This approach was conducted in wild-type (J5), mycorrhiza-defective (TRV25, dmi3), and autoregulation-defective (TR122, sunn) M. truncatula genotypes. The groups of proteins that responded to appressorium formation were further compared between wild-type and mutant genotypes; few overlaps and major differences were recorded, demonstrating that mutations in DMI3 and SUNN modified the ap…

Proteasome comprising a beta1 inducible subunit acts as a negative regulator of NADPH oxidase during elicitation of plant defense reactions.

2005

Elicitation of defense reactions in tobacco by cryptogein, triggered a production of active oxygen species (AOS) via the NADPH oxidase, NtrbohD, and an accumulation of beta1din, a defense induced beta-type subunit of 20S proteasome. The proteasome inhibitor, MG132, stimulated this AOS production. Tobacco cells transformed with sense constructs of beta1din showed an inhibition of the AOS production following elicitin treatment, whereas the antisense transformed cells showed a strongly enhanced AOS production. In cells transformed with sense construct of beta1din, the NtrbohD transcripts failed to be induced by cryptogein as observed in control and antisense transformed cells. Conversely, in …

Le monoxyde d'azote (NO) chez les plantes. Un messager cellulaire impliqué dans la signalisation des réponses de défense - l'exemple du modèle N. tab…

2012

Nitric oxide (NO) in plants, a cell signalling messenger involved in plant defense. The case study of the N. tabacum / cryptogein model

2013

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