Search results for "Polar"

showing 10 items of 3817 documents

Neurocognitive endophenotypes (endophenocognitypes) from studies of relatives of bipolar disorder subjects: a systematic review.

2008

Abstract Background There is growing interest to research neurocognition as a putative endophenotype for subjects with bipolar disorders (BD). The authors sought to review the available literature focused on relatives of subjects with bipolar disorder (BD-Rels) and identify suitable cognitive candidates to endophenotypes or endophenocognitypes. Method A systematic review was conducted in Medline, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases (1980–July 2007), supplemented with a manual search of reference lists. Results Twenty-three cross-sectional papers of discordant twins (4 studies), genetic high-risk subjects (7), and different BD-Rel groups (12) met the inclusion criteria and evaluated 532 BD-Rels. I…

Psychomotor learningFamily Healthmedicine.medical_specialtyBipolar DisorderWorking memoryCognitive NeuroscienceCognitive flexibilityNeuropsychologyCognitionNeuropsychological TestsVerbal learningBehavioral NeuroscienceNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyCognitionmedicineDiseases in TwinsVerbal fluency testHumansFamilyPsychiatryPsychologyCognition DisordersNeurocognitiveClinical psychologyNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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Motor speed predicts stability of cognitive deficits in both schizophrenic and bipolar I patients at one-year follow-up

2009

Background We examined whether motor speed assessed by the finger tapping test predicts generalized and specific stable deficits because of a common patho-genic process in bipolar and schizophrenic patients. Methods: One hundred and two patients underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests. Patients with a score of less than one standard deviation from their siblings' sample in two assessments with an interval of one year were defined as suffering from stable deficits because of a common pathogenic process. In addition to univariate analyses, factor analyses, ordinal logistic regression, and multiple linear regressions were used. A general score was also calculated. Results: No differenc…

Psychomotor learningmedicine.medical_specialtyNeuropsychologyCognitionAudiologymedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthSchizophreniamedicineVerbal fluency testBipolar disordermedicine.symptomVerbal memoryPsychologyPsychiatryCognitive deficitThe European Journal of Psychiatry
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The relationship of symptom dimensions with premorbid adjustment and cognitive characteristics at first episode psychosis: Findings from the EU-GEI s…

2021

Premorbid functioning and cognitive measures may reflect gradients of developmental impairment across diagnostic categories in psychosis. In this study, we sought to examine the associations of current cognition and premorbid adjustment with symptom dimensions in a large first episode psychosis (FEP) sample. We used data from the international EU-GEI study. Bifactor modelling of the Operational Criteria in Studies of Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) ratings provided general and specific symptom dimension scores. Premorbid Adjustment Scale estimated premorbid social (PSF) and academic adjustment (PAF), and WAIS-brief version measured IQ. A MANCOVA model examined the relationship between symptom di…

PsychosisFirst episode psychosiscognitive domainsPremorbid Adjustment ScaleQUOCIENTE DE INTELIGÊNCIATransdiagnostic Premorbid adjustmentNEGATIVE SYMPTOMSArticlesymptom dimensionspremorbid adjustmentWORKING-MEMORYSecondary analysisFirst episode psychosisfirst episode psychosis1ST-EPISODE NONAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSISMedicineScopusCognitive domain[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Settore MED/25 - PsichiatriaBiological PsychiatryTransdiagnosticbusiness.industryWorking memoryConfoundingCognitive domainsCognitionBIPOLAR DISORDERSymptom dimensionsmedicine.diseaseGENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONSFirst episode psychosiCANNABIS USEPsychiatry and Mental healthSymptom dimensionPerceptual reasoningJCRIQSOCIAL COGNITIONtransdiagnosticPROCESSING-SPEEDNEURODEVELOPMENTAL TRAJECTORIES[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Premorbid adjustmentbusinessSCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDERClinical psychology
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O impacto da história de sintomas psicóticos na função cognitiva de doentes bipolares eutímicos: comparação com doentes esquizofrênicos e controles s…

2011

BACKGROUND: About two-thirds of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have a lifetime history of at least one psychotic symptom. Objective: To compare the neurocognitive performance of four groups: BD patients with and without a history of psychotic symptoms (BD HPS+ and BD HPS-, respectively); patients with schizophrenia (SZ); and healthy control (HC) subjects. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, 35 stabilized patients with SZ, 79 euthymic (44 HPS+ and 35 HPS-) patients with BD, and 50 HC were administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. RESULTS: There was worse neurocognitive functioning in both BD and SZ patients compared to HC. Overall, data from both groups of BD …

Psychotic disordersTranstornos psicóticosPatientsBipolar disorderNeurobehavioral manifestationsSchizophreniaManifestações neurocomportamentaisTranstorno bipolarPacientesEsquizofrenia
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Pseudo-Media Sites, Polarization, and Pandemic Skepticism in Spain

2021

The Coronavirus pandemic has triggered an authentic infodemic, which is a global epidemic of disinformation that has spread throughout most of the world. Social media platforms and pseudo-media outlets have contributed to the problem by producing and disseminating misleading content that is potentially dangerous to public health. This research focuses on a rather unknown phenomenon, which involves digital sites that mimic the appearance of news media but provide pseudo-information. Five Spanish pseudo-media have been analyzed with the aim of enhancing understanding of the issues and the frames presented. The results show clear links with the far-right ideology as well as the presence of a p…

Public AdministrationSociology and Political Science050801 communication & media studieshyper-partisan media0508 media and communicationsCynicismPolitical sciencePandemic050602 political science & public administrationSocial mediaPolitical scienceNews mediapolarizationbusiness.industry05 social sciencesPolarization (politics)pandemic skepticismOffensiveCOVID-19BelligerentPublic relationspopulismJ0506 political sciencePolitical Science and International RelationsDisinformationright-wing ideologybusinessSafety ResearchFrontiers in Political Science
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Feasibility of functional magnetic resonance lung imaging in Australia with long distance transport of hyperpolarized helium from Germany.

2008

MRI of the lung using hyperpolarized helium as an inhaled contrast agent has important research applications and clinical potential. Owing to the limited availability of hyperpolarized helium, this type of imaging has not been performed in the human lung outside of North America or Europe. The objective of this study was to test the feasibility of imaging human lungs in Australia using hyperpolarized helium gas imported from Germany.A Bruker 2-Tesla whole-body magnetic resonance scanner located in Brisbane, Australia was adapted with a helium-3 radiofrequency transceiver coil. Helium-3 was hyperpolarized to 72% in Mainz, Germany and airfreighted to Brisbane. The time taken for the journey w…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMalegenetic structuresContrast MediaHeliumHuman lungIsotopesGermanyLung imagingAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAustraliaMagnetic resonance imagingrespiratory systemDiagnostic ServicesMagnetic Resonance Imagingrespiratory tract diseasesHyperpolarized heliumImportant researchmedicine.anatomical_structureFeasibility StudiesNuclear medicinebusinessAviationRespirology (Carlton, Vic.)
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Assessment of lung microstructure with magnetic resonance imaging of hyperpolarized Helium-3

2005

Magnetic resonance imaging of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of hyperpolarized Helium-3 is a new technique for probing pulmonary microstructure in vivo. The aim of this study was the assessment of potential sources of systematic errors of the ADC measurement. The influence of macroscopic motion was determined by measurements at two different delays after initiating the breath-hold, and before and after cardiac arrest. An intercentre comparison was performed in two age- and lung function-matched groups of lung-healthy volunteers at two research sites. Moreover, measurements of diffusion anisotropy were performed. We found no dependency of the ADC as a function of the delay after st…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineTime FactorsSwinePhysiologyHyperpolarized Helium 3HeliumDiffusion AnisotropyNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineAnimalsHumansEffective diffusion coefficientTissue DistributionDiffusion (business)LungLungmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedMicrostructureHeart ArrestDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureBreath TestsCase-Control StudiesAnisotropyDiffusion MRIRespiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
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Usefulness of QT dispersion in clinical practice

2016

The measurement of QT dispersion in the surface electrocardiogram has been proposed as a non invasive method for assessing inhomogeneity of myocardial repolarization and has been linked to an increased risk of arrhythmic cardiac death. Several studies have evaluated the use of QTd in a wide variety of cardiac diseases and have reached conflicting conclusions regarding its clinical significance.

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyventricular arrhytmiasMyocardial repolarizationbusiness.industrylcsh:RNon invasivelcsh:Medicinemedicine.diseaseQT intervalClinical PracticeIncreased riskQT dispersionQt dispersionInternal medicinecardiovascular systemmedicineCardiologyClinical significanceMyocardial infarctionmyocardial infarction.Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineIntensive care medicinebusinessMonaldi Archives for Chest Disease
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Sub-200-kHz single soliton generation in a long ring Er-fiber laser with strict polarization control by using twisted fiber

2020

Abstract In the present work we demonstrate a novel single-soliton ultra-low pulse repetition frequency passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser. We mitigate the residual linear birefringence of fiber by fiber twist to achieve a strict control of polarization. For mode-locking the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) was used. Special technique was applied to reduce the overdriving of NPR that allows the generation of single soliton in ultra-long cavity. The strict control of polarization yields a stable relation between the polarization state of the pulses propagating in the cavity and the regimes of generation. A 192.12-kHz train of soliton pulses was obtained with pulse duration o…

Pulse repetition frequencyPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Fiber laser0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsolitonsultra-long laser cavityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTwistmode-locked fiber lasersPhysicsbusiness.industrynonlinear opticsUNESCO::FÍSICAPulse durationNonlinear opticsNonlinear polarizationPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsoverdriving nonlinear effectsSolitonbusiness
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Nonlinear balayage on metric spaces

2009

We develop a theory of balayage on complete doubling metric measure spaces supporting a Poincaré inequality. In particular, we are interested in continuity and p-harmonicity of the balayage. We also study connections to the obstacle problem. As applications, we characterize regular boundary points and polar sets in terms of balayage. Original Publication:Anders Björn, Jana Björn, Tero Mäkäläinen and Mikko Parviainen, Nonlinear balayage on metric spaces, 2009, Nonlinear Analysis, (71), 5-6, 2153-2171.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2009.01.051Copyright: Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.http://www.elsevier.com/

Pure mathematicsMatematikBalayageApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisPoincaré inequalityBoundary (topology)Measure (mathematics)symbols.namesakeMetric spaceMetric (mathematics)Obstacle problemsymbolsBalayage; Boundary regularity; Continuity; Doubling measure; Metric space; Nonlinear; Obstacle problem; Perron solution; p-harmonic; Polar set; Poincaré inequality; Potential theory; SuperharmonicAnalysisMathematicsMathematicsPolar set (potential theory)
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