Search results for "Political science"
showing 10 items of 7570 documents
Do terrorism, organized crime (drug production), and state weakness affect contemporary armed conflicts? An empirical analysis
2015
ABSTRACTIn 2014, the UN Security Council emphasized the dangers of terrorism, criminal activity (especially drug production and trafficking), and state weakness in conflict areas. However, neither policy debates nor scholarly analyses have focussed on the potential impact of these elements on conflict dynamics and characteristics, and the investigated partial relationships have led to inconclusive results. This article explores the presence in armed conflicts of terrorist groups among fighting parties, major drug production (indicating the presence of activities typical of criminal organizations), and state failure in the period 1990–2011. Focussing on intrastate conflicts, this article hig…
Challenges influencing the safety of migrant workers in the construction industry: A qualitative study in Italy, Spain, and the UK
2021
Abstract The construction industry is notoriously high risk for accidents, injuries, and deaths, particularly for non-national or migrant workers, who comprise a significant proportion of the workforce. This paper presents an international, qualitative study focused on exploring the challenges which influence the safety of migrant construction workers in Italy, Spain, and the UK. Based on a comprehensive review of the literature, we formulated two research questions about the challenges relating to safety that migrant workers face and the challenges to safety training effectively improving migrant workers’ safety behaviours. We present our template analysis of semi-structured interviews and…
Climate Change and Disasters
2017
Ideas and approaches proven successful within disaster risk reduction (DRR) literature and practice are either bypassed or inadequately considered by contemporary climate change work. This chapter explores the intersections between climate change and hazards, vulnerability, and risk, looking at climate change as both a hazard driver and a hazard inhibitor. The implications of the narrow interpretations of vulnerability employed in climate change work are examined, as well as the ways in which climate change has come to act as a scapegoat for issues, events, and processes caused by hazard-independent factors. The chapter formulates a case for climate change adaptation (CCA) to be seen as a s…
2019
Final disposal of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from nuclear power plants (NPPs) is an ethical issue with implications within and across generations. We address this issue from the perspective of nuclear communities that host nuclear waste disposal sites. These are primarily the communities that face injustice due to the potential radiological risks. A resident survey (n = 454) was conducted in two Finnish nuclear communities, i.e. Eurajoki and Pyhajoki, that are being considered as alternative sites for a second repository for SNF. The nuclear waste management (NWM) company Posiva is already building a repository in Eurajoki, the first in Finland. These communities are in different stages of th…
Modélisation sémantique et programmation générative pour une simulation multi-agent dans le contexte de gestion de catastrophe
2020
La gestion de catastrophe nécessite une préparation collaborative entre les divers intervenants. Les exercices collaboratifs visent à entraîner les intervenants à appliquer les plans préparés ainsi qu’à identifier les problèmes et points d’améliorations potentiels. Ces exercices étant coûteux, la simulation informatique est un outil permettant d’optimiser la préparation à l’aide d’une plus grande diversité de cas. Cependant, les travaux de recherche centrés sur la simulation et la gestion de catastrophe sont spécialisés sur un problème spécifique plutôt que sur l’optimisation globale des plans préparés. Cette limite s’explique par le défi que constitue la réalisation d’un modèle de simulati…
The ‘Open Garden of Politics’: The impact of open primaries for candidate selection in the British Conservative Party
2016
International audience; Since 2003, hundreds of open primaries for the selection of parliamentary candidates have been held by the British Conservative Party as a means of democratising party organisation and enhancing representativeness. In the run-up to the 2015 general election, only 26 primaries could be identified. This article will apply the analytical framework provided by Hazan and Rahat to demonstrate that the relative failure of the experiment in terms of intra-party competition, participation, representation and responsiveness is counterbalanced by the benefits brought by this procedure, both as a tool of party branding at the national level and as a strategy for raising the prof…
Der Wettbewerb zwischen Parteien der Extremen Rechten und der linken Mitte
2016
Seit den fruhen 1980er Jahren gehoren Parteien, die der „Extremen“, „Radikalen“, „Populistischen“ oder „Neuen Rechten“ zugerechnet werden, zur Realitat westeuropaischer Parteiensysteme. Die Etablierung dieser neuen Parteienfamilie stellt die westeuropaischen Demokratien vor eine Vielzahl von Herausforderungen. Dabei ist der Aspekt der Konkurrenz um Stimmen von zentraler Bedeutung. Es gibt gute Grunde zu vermuten, das die Extreme Rechte auch und gerade den sozialistischen und sozialdemokratischen Parteien Europas zusehends Konkurrenz machen konnte. Die neuen Rechtsparteien haben ihre ursprunglich oft marktliberale Rhetorik abgeschwacht und umwerben die Arbeiterschaft mit protektionistischen …
Rodzinna postpamięć Ślązaków
2017
Family Postmemory of the People of Silesia
 The author suggests a possible use of postmemory to analyse the contemporary family memory of the people of Silesia. Their memoirs about WW2 (such as working for the Wehrmacht, the Red Army invading Silesia, working in labour camps, nationality verification, displacements to Germany, and deportations to Siberia) bear signs of latent memory which is rarely revealed even to the next of kin. Present mainly within the family circle, within the local society, and among friends, these memoirs integrated Silesians and made them a unique community that considers itself a stigmatized minority. This contributed to mythologizing and stereotyping the who…
The changing functions of the mass media: A historical perspective
1989
Miracles in Dark Times: Hannah Arendt and Refugees as ‘Vanguard’
2019
AbstractThe radical uncertainty that refugees face because of war, flight and exile often dramatically shapes their participation in society. Violent conflict and human rights abuses are not just disproportionately experienced by, but can also create, political subjects. Such life events can transform the motivations, sense of responsibility and political actions of individuals with refugee backgrounds. In this article, we explore the links between civil–political engagement and the life stories of such individuals, analysing our empirical data through themes in the work of Hannah Arendt. We make three central points. First, we highlight the possibility of refugees as ‘vanguard’, playing a …