Search results for "Positive"
showing 10 items of 1875 documents
ESAT-6 Peptide Recognition by Bovine CD8 + Lymphocytes of Naturally Infected Cows in Herds from Southern Italy
2006
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to define epitopes of Mycobacterium bovis from ESAT-6 (early secretory antigen of 6 kDa) recognized by CD8 + T lymphocytes from cows naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis . We found that bovine CD8 + T cells recognized 10 out of 11 ESAT-6 peptides tested.
Molecular signature of Epstein Barr virus-positive Burkitt lymphoma and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder suggest different roles for Epst…
2014
Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection is commonly associated with human cancer and, in particular, with lymphoid malignancies. Although the precise role of the virus in the pathogenesis of different lymphomas is largely unknown, it is well recognized that the expression of viral latent proteins and miRNA can contribute to its pathogenetic role. In this study, we compared the gene and miRNA expression profile of two EBV-associated aggressive B non-Hodgkin lymphomas known to be characterized by differential expression of the viral latent proteins aiming to dissect the possible different contribution of such proteins and EBV-encoded miRNAs. By applying extensive bioinformatic inferring and an exp…
In vitro activity of LY333328, a new glycopeptide, against extracellular and intracellular vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
2000
The objectives of the study were to observe the activity of LY333328, a new semisynthetic glycopeptide, compared to that of vancomycin against six strains of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, including four vancomycin-resistant strains. Bacteria ingested by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) as well as extracellular bacteria were studied using a colony count method. The activity against intracellular bacteria was tested with the drugs present in the extracellular medium, as well as after preincubating the PMN and removal of the drugs. LY333328 is active against the tested enterococci, regardless of their susceptibility to vancomycin, with MICs of 1-2 mg/l. It is bacteriostatic…
Consensus document on controversial issues for the treatment of hospital-associated pneumonia
2010
Background: Hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite advances in antimicrobial therapy. Many aspects of the treatment of HAP caused by multi-resistant Gram-positive microorganisms have been extensively studied, but controversial issues remain. Controversial issues: The aim of this GISIG (Gruppo Italiano di Studio sulle Infezioni Gravi) working group – a panel of multidisciplinary experts – was to define recommendations for some controversial issues using an evidence-based and analytical approach. The controversial issues were: (1) Is combination antibiotic therapy or monotherapy more effective in the treatment of HAP? (2) What role do…
Validation of intensive care unit-acquired infection surveillance in the Italian SPIN-UTI network
2010
Validity is one of the most critical factors concerning surveillance of nosocomial infections (NIs). This article describes the first validation study of the Italian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) project (SPIN-UTI) surveillance data. The objective was to validate infection data and thus to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of NI data reported on patients in the ICUs participating in the SPIN-UTI network. A validation study was performed at the end of the surveillance period. All medical records including all clinical and laboratory data were reviewed retrospectively by the trained physicians of the validat…
Partially revocable commitments in a negotiation with a deadline
2004
Abstract [Fershtman, C., Seidmann, D., 1993. Deadline effects and inefficient delay in bargaining with endogenous commitment. Journal of Economic Theory 60, 306–321] showed that the presence of an irrevocable endogenous commitment with a fixed deadline results in the so called deadline effect. In this paper we analyse the effects of partially revocable endogenous commitments of a seller in an infinite horizon negotiation in which a deadline can arise with positive probability. We obtain that when the commitment possesses a sufficiently large revocable part not only the inefficient delays disappear and an immediate agreement is reached but also the commitment has a value. On the other hand, …
Income Equality and Income Taxation
1994
In every society the distribution of income plays an essential role — not only for economists but also for social scientists and politicians. Most people agree that the laissez-faire allo-cation is not equitable but that some redistribution using taxes has to take place. Most of the literature has supposed that a Bergson- Samuelson social welfare function is the appropriate tool for capturing social values in such analyses. However, there are some objections against this approach. First, interpersonal comparability of the individual utilities is needed — an extremely strong and questionable claim. Second, most writers have worked with a concave transformation of individual cardinal utilitie…
Does Microfinance Cause or Reduce Suicides? Policy Recommendations for Reducing Borrower Stress
2011
At a time when suicides by microfinance borrowers in Andhra Pradesh are extensively discussed, this paper makes an initial tentative exploration into the impact of microfinance on suicides. Does MF reduce or increase suicides? Data limitations imply methodological limitations and provisional conclusions. The literature review, starting with Emile Durkheim, of research on suicides brings out the importance of psychological factors, divorce, and unemployment. We investigate time series data on suicides in India and find a just significantly positive correlation with male suicide rates and slightly negative correlations (not significant) with female suicide rates – but no relation between micr…
Activity against Microorganisms Affecting Cellulosic Objects of the Volatile Constituents of Leonotis nepetaefolia from Nicaragua
2014
The chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of L. nepetaefolia (L.) R. Br. collected in Nicaragua was evaluated by GC and GC-MS. The main components were ( Z)-phytol (22.8%), caryophyllene oxide (18.9%) and hexahydrofarnesylacetone (9.0%). The antibacterial activity against several Gram + and Gram - bacteria, including Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis, both infesting historical cellulosic material, was also determined. B. cereus, B. subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermis were the most affected by the action of the oil.
Electrical Pumping of Potassium Ions Against an External Concentration Gradient in a Biological Ion Channel
2013
We show experimentally and theoretically that significant currents can be obtained with a biological ion channel, the OmpF porin of Escherichia coli, using zero-average potentials as driving forces. The channel rectifying properties can be used to pump potassium ions against an external concentration gradient under asymmetric pH conditions. The results are discussed in terms of the ionic selectivity and rectification ratio of the channel. The physical concepts involved may be applied to separation processes with synthetic nanopores and to bioelectrical phenomena. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.