Search results for "Potato"

« Deirdre O’Mahony, artiste et archéologue des savoirs techniques indigènes »

2022

Les projets participatifs et collaboratifs de l’artiste irlandaise Deirdre O’Mahony, ancrés dans le monde rural du Burren, valorisent le patrimoine vernaculaire et les savoir-faire indigènes. Ses recherches de terrain portant sur l’évolution du paysage abordé comme milieu et les collaborations multiples qu’elle entreprend aboutissent à des propositions artistiques revisitant le land art. Ses interventions dans le paysage sont souvent complétées par des propositions dialogiques, dont le repas partagé, qui invite les participants à explorer l’histoire des lieux, les jeux de pouvoir qui s’y tissent et la pertinence des savoirs vernaculaires pour les enjeux de demain, notamment en matière de sé…

Functional significance of membrane associated proteolysis in the toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa toxin against Colorado potato beetle.

2012

Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins are widely used as biocontrol agents in bioinsecticides and transgenic plants. In the three domain-Cry toxins, domain II has been identified as an important determinant of their highly specific activity against insects. In this work, we assessed the role in membrane associated proteolysis and toxicity in Colorado potato beetle (CPB) of a previously reported ADAM recognition motif present in Cry3Aa toxin domain II. We used site-directed mutagenesis to modify the Bacillus thuringiensis cry3A gene in amino acid residues 344, 346, 347, 351 and 353 of the ADAM recognition motif in Cry3Aa toxin. Cry3Aa toxin mutants displayed decreased toxicity when comp…

Services provided by soil microorganisms to improve plant phosphate nutrition

2022

Since the first Green Revolution, agricultural practices have been based on the massive use of synthetic fertilisers and plant protection products. Since then, global consumption of phosphate fertilisers has more than tripled, reaching 47 million tonnes in 2019. Current projections estimate that phosphate rock stocks (natural phosphorus resources for fertiliser production) could be depleted within the next century, leading us to change our agricultural practices. In soils, P is mainly present in complexed forms that are not easily accessible to plants. To reduce the use of phosphate fertilisers, it is necessary to make this complexed phosphate accessible to plants. This can be done by benef…

Economic sustainability of early potato production in the Mediterranean area

2014

The interactions between a given commercial enterpr ise, its territory and development, have become a key issue in recent years. Theories of economic dev elopment tell us that a territory may undergo development provided viable, economically sustainab le commercial activities exist. Based on the latter postulate, the present paper analyzes the economic sustainability of farming enterprises growing early potatoes in a Mediterranean setting. In particular, the study was conducted in south-eastern Sicily, island in the centre of the Mediterranean. The resu lts underscore their modest profitability, mainly d ue to a lack of entrepreneurial strategies aimed at en hancing production. This situati…

Nomenclature of potato blemishes needs rationalisation

2011

International audience

Role of toxin activation on binding and pore formation activity of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3 toxins in membranes of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (…

2004

AbstractBinding and pore formation constitute key steps in the mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxins.In this work, we present a comparative analysis of toxin-binding capacities of proteolytically processed Cry3A, Cry3B and Cry3C toxins to brush border membranes (BBMV) of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (CPB), a major potato coleopteran-insect pest. Competition experiments showed that the three Cry3 proteolytically activated toxins share a common binding site. Also heterologous competition experiments showed that Cry3Aa and Cry3Ca toxins have an extra binding site that is not shared with Cry3Ba toxin. The pore formation activity of the three different Cry…

Resistance of Phytophthora capsici to metalaxyl in plastic-house capsicum crops in southern Italy

2000

In Calabria (southern Italy), control of crown and root rot of capsicum caused by Phytophthora capsici has relied primarily on soil drenches of metalaxyl. However, severe outbreaks occur every year in glasshouse crops, in which the practice of using plastic mulch and furrow irrigation favours the disease. Single-hypha isolates of P. capsici collected in Calabria in 1992/1998 were tested in vitro for their level of sensitivity to metalaxyl. Isolates of other species of Phytophthora were used as reference. Fungicide sensitivity was determined by plating mycelial plugs onto potato dextrose agar amended with metalaxyl, at final concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1000μg mL−1 a.s. Inhibition of r…

Fried potato consumption is associated with elevated mortality: an 8-y longitudinal cohort study

2017

Background: Few studies have assessed the association between potato consumption and mortality. Objective: We investigated whether potato consumption (including fried and unfried potatoes) is associated with increased premature mortality risk in a North American cohort. Design: A longitudinal analysis included 4440 participants aged 45-79 y at baseline with an 8-y follow-up from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort study. Potato consumption (including fried and unfried potatoes) was analyzed by using a Block Brief 2000 food-frequency questionnaire and categorized as ≤1 time/mo, 2-3 times/mo, 1 time/wk, 2 times/wk, or ≥3 times/wk. Mortality was ascertained through validated cases of death. T…

Monitoring of Bacillus Thuringiensis Cry3Aa Toxin Pore Formation using Artificial Bilayer Array with Fused Brush Border Membrane Vesicles from Colora…

2017

Survival of two strains of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) reared on transgenic potatoes expressing a Bacillus thuringiensis cryst…

1998

[Otros] Survie de deux souches de Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera : Gelechiidae) élevées sur des pommes de terre transgéniques exprimant la protéine CrylAb de Bacillus thuringiensis. Deux populations de Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), l'une supposée résistante au DipelTM (une préparation commerciale de delta-endotoxines de Bacillus thuringiensis) et l'autre sensible, ont été cultivées sur quatre cultivars de pomme de terre, deux transgéniques de première génération, exprimant la protéine CrylAb de Bacillus thuringiensis, et deux non transformés. La population de papillons considérée comme résistante a présenté une mortalité inférieure à celle de l'autre population, mais n'était pas v…