Search results for "Protease"
showing 10 items of 463 documents
The effect of biological sealants and adhesive treatments on matrix metalloproteinase expression during renal injury healing
2017
Background Renal injuries are relatively common in cases of abdominal trauma. Adhesives and sealants can be used to repair and preserve damaged organs. Using a rat model, this study explores the activity of different matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) during the healing of renal injuries treated by two biological adhesives (TachoSil and GelitaSpon) and a new synthetic elastic cyanoacrylate (Adhflex). Methods Renal traumatic injuries were experimentally induced in 90 male Wistar rats by a Stiefel Biopsy Punch in the anterior aspect of the left kidney. Animals were divided into five groups: 1, sham non-injured (n = 3); 2, non-treated standard punch injury (n = 6); 3, punch injury treated with Ta…
Intramural neovascularization and haemorrhages are major long‐term effects of intravascularγ‐radiation after stenting
2003
Structural changes that might influence the structural integrity of the vessel in response to intravascular brachytherapy (IVB) and stenting were examined, focus being on the importance of neovascularization in rabbit stented arteries. Stents were implanted in the infrarenal aortas of rabbits, immediately followed by gamma IVB or a sham radiation procedure, and the arteries harvested at 6 months. Labelling for von Willebrand factor showed an increase in adventitial and medial neovascularization in irradiated versus control arteries group (5.04+/-0.89 versus 1.51+/-0.23 mm(-2), respectively; p=0.004). Moreover, intramedial haemorrhages (free hemosiderin deposition) and inflammation (macropha…
Multicentre Italian study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents, preliminary data as at 10 April 2020
2020
Data on features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in children and adolescents are scarce. We report preliminary results of an Italian multicentre study comprising 168 laboratory-confirmed paediatric cases (median: 2.3 years, range: 1 day–17.7 years, 55.9% males), of which 67.9% were hospitalised and 19.6% had comorbidities. Fever was the most common symptom, gastrointestinal manifestations were frequent; two children required intensive care, five had seizures, 49 received experimental treatments and all recovered.
Use of nonlinear mixed effect modeling for the intestinal absorption data: application to ritonavir in the rat.
2005
The aim of this study is to investigate in situ the mechanisms involved in the gastrointestinal absorption of ritonavir in the rat, as an animal model for preclinical studies of anti-HIV agents in vivo. Four ritonavir solutions (40, 27, 13 and 7 microM) in the presence of 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were perfused in the small intestine of anaesthetised rats. Effects of DMSO on the intestinal permeability were investigated using solutions containing antipyrine 1.33 mM and ritonavir 7 microM with and without 1% of DMSO. Antipyrine and ritonavir transport was not modified in the presence of 1% of DMSO. The population pharmacokinetic parameters of the ritonavir intestinal transport were obtaine…
Natural and engineered carboxy-terminal variants: decreased secretion and gain-of-function result in asymptomatic coagulation factor VII deficiency.
2012
We report 2 asymptomatic homozygotes for the nonsense p.R462X mutation affecting the carboxy-terminus of coagulation factor VII (FVII, 466 aminoacids). FVII levels of 3-5% and 2.7 ± 0.4% were found in prothrombin time-based and activated factor X (FXa) generation assays with human thromboplastins. Noticeably, FVII antigen levels were barely detectable (0.7 ± 0.2%) which suggested a gain-of-function effect. This effect was more pronounced with bovine thromboplastin (4.8 ± 0.9%) and disappeared with rabbit thromboplastin (0.7 ± 0.2%). This suggests that the mutation influences tissue factor/FVII interactions. Whereas the recombinant rFVII-462X variant confirmed an increase in specific activit…
Acrosin, the peculiar sperm-specific serine protease.
1991
The sperm enzyme acrosin has long been known as one of the key enzymes in the mammalian fertilization process. Elucidation of primary structures of preproacrosin from various species have allowed a deeper insight into the structural organization and the complex evolution of the sperm proteinase acrosin. In addition to the typical elements of serine proteases, the acrosin molecule possesses one novel domain that might convey DNA-binding properties.
Endurance training decreases the alkaline proteolytic activity in mouse skeletal muscles.
1984
Alkaline and myofibrillar protease activities of rectus femoris, soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles and the pooled sample of gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles were analyzed in male NMRI-mice during a running-training program of 3, 10, or 20 daily 1-h sessions. The activity of citrate synthase increased during the endurance training, reflecting the increased oxidative capacity of skeletal muscles. The activities of alkaline and myofibrillar proteases continually decreased in the course of the training program in all muscles studied. Instead, the activity of beta-glucuronidase (a marker of lysosomal hydrolases) increased in all muscles. The highest activities were observed at the beginni…
Shotgun Proteomics of Isolated Urinary Extracellular Vesicles for Investigating Respiratory Impedance in Healthy Preschoolers
2021
Urine proteomic applications in children suggested their potential in discriminating between healthy subjects from those with respiratory diseases. The aim of the current study was to combine protein fractionation, by urinary extracellular vesicle isolation, and proteomics analysis in order to establish whether different patterns of respiratory impedance in healthy preschoolers can be characterized from a protein fingerprint. Twenty-one 3–5-yr-old healthy children, representative of 66 recruited subjects, were selected: 12 late preterm (LP) and 9 full-term (T) born. Children underwent measurement of respiratory impedance through Forced Oscillation Technique (FOT) and no significant differen…
Induction of RAGE Shedding by Activation of G Protein-Coupled Receptors
2011
The multiligand Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) is involved in various pathophysiological processes, including diabetic inflammatory conditions and Alzheimers disease. Full-length RAGE, a cell surface-located type I membrane protein, can proteolytically be converted by metalloproteinases ADAM10 and MMP9 into a soluble RAGE form. Moreover, administration of recombinant soluble RAGE suppresses activation of cell surface-located RAGE by trapping RAGE ligands. Therefore stimulation of RAGE shedding might have a therapeutic value regarding inflammatory diseases. We aimed to investigate whether RAGE shedding is inducible via ligand-induced activation of G protein-coupled recep…
Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic model for ritonavir in the rat.
2007
The aim of this study is to investigate in vivo the oral bioavailability of ritonavir and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic model that best describes the plasma concentration behavior after oral and intravenous administration. Male Wistar rats were intravenously administered at 3 mg dose of pure ritonavir and oral administered at 4.6 +/- 2.5 mg of diluted Norvir. Blood samples were taken by means of the jugular vein for a 24 h period of time. An analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique was developed in order to quantify ritonavir plasma concentrations. A nonlinear modeling approach was used to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of interest. Results showed that a…