Search results for "Protein"
showing 10 items of 21431 documents
Effects of Long-Term Nitroglycerin Treatment on Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS III) Gene Expression, NOS III–Mediated Superoxide Production, …
2000
Abstract —Long-term nitroglycerin (NTG) treatment has been shown to be associated with cross-tolerance to endothelium-dependent vasodilators. It may involve increased production of reactive oxygen species (such as superoxide, O 2 ·− ) that rapidly inactivate the nitric oxide (NO) released from the endothelial cells. It remains to be elucidated, however, whether long-term treatment with NTG alters the activity and expression of the endothelial NO synthase (NOS III) and whether this enzyme can contribute to O 2 ·− formation. We studied the influence of long-term NTG treatment on the expression of NOS III as assessed by RNase protection assay and Western blot. Tolerance was measured ex vivo i…
Gastrin: an acid-releasing, proliferative and immunomodulatory peptide?
2010
Gastrin release is affected by gastric inflammatory conditions. Antral G cells respond to inflammatory mediators by increasing gastrin secretion. Accumulating experimental evidence suggests that gastrin exerts immunomodulatory and proinflammatory effects. Gastrin could be a contributing factor to these pathologies, which may constitute a new justification for pharmacological blockade of gastrin action.
Immunomodulatory and Hematopoietic Effects of Recombinant Human Interleukin-6 in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Cancer
1996
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with pleiotropic biologic activities on B cells, T cells, and hematopoietic progenitors. The present study was undertaken to assess pharmacodynamic effects of subcutaneous administration of IL-6 on blood counts, immunologic parameters, and acute-phase reactants. Blood samples were taken from patients with advanced renal cell cancer participating in a phase II trial of recombinant human IL-6. Multiparameter FACS analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were performed using antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-DR, CD56, CD28, CD38, CD19, sIgM, and sIgG. Serum levels of IL-10, soluble CD23 (sCD23), sCD25, IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1RA), solu…
Effects of diazinon exposure on cholinesterase activity in different tissues of European eel (Anguilla anguilla).
1996
Cholinesterase (ChE) activity was measured in brain, plasma, and whole eye of Anguilla anguilla experimentally exposed to a sublethal concentration of 0.042 mg/liter (0.50 of the 96-hr LC50) of the organophosphorous pesticide diazinon. Whole eye was the tissue which revealed higher values of ChE activity (8.17 micromol/min/g) in nonexposed animals. Brain, plasma, and whole eye ChE activity of A. anguilla was inhibited at 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr of diazinon exposure. Pesticide induced significant inhibitory effects on the ChE activity of this species ranging from >70% inhibition in brain tissue to >90% in plasma samples. Brain and plasma presented technical difficulties in their collection.…
The estrogen receptor α:insulin receptor substrate 1 complex in breast cancer: structure–function relationships
2007
Background: Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a signaling molecule that exerts a key role in mediating cross talk between estrogen receptor a (ERa) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in breast cancer cells. Previously, we demonstrated that a fraction of IRS-1 binds ERa, translocates to the nucleus, and modulates ERa-dependent transcription at estrogen response elements (ERE). Here, we studied structure-function relationships of the ER-a:IRS-1 complex under IGF-1 and/or estradiol (E 2 ) stimulation. Materials and methods: ERa and IRS-1 deletion mutants were used to analyze structural and functional ERα/IRS-1 interactions. IRS-1 binding to ERE and IRS-1 role in ERa-dependent ERE t…
An Intention-to-Treat Competing-Risk Model for Candidates with Hepatocellular Cancer Awaiting Liver Transplantation
2018
Background: Since the introduction of the Milan Criteria (MC), all systems, which describe post-transplant prognosis of patients with hepatocellular cancer (HCC), are exclusively based on characteristics available at surgery, and neglect the intention-to-treat principles. This study, based on a large international HCC patient cohort, aimed to develop comprehensive intention-to-treat models through a competing-risk analysis. We used data available at first referral to predict the risk of delisting and HCC-related death after liver transplantation (LT). Methods: Twelve centres in the United States, Europe and Asia created a Derivation Set (n=2,318) and an external Validation Set (n=773) of …
Transient expression of synaptogyrin in the ganglionic eminence of the human fetal brain
2000
Summary The ganglionic eminence (GE) representing a conspicuous bulb-like elevation of the telencephalic proliferative zone has recently been shown to be involved in the establishment of cortical connections. This study demonstrates the presence of synaptogyrin-immunoreactivity in a large number of cell bodies of the human GE between 12 and 20 weeks of gestation. From the 20 th week onwards synaptogyrin expression sharply declines. No immunoreactive structures are detectable in the 23 rd week or later. As the GE persists nearly throughout the entire fetal period these results show that its neurochemical features change distinctly in the course of development. The synaptogyrin-immunoreactive…
Protein supplementation in strength and conditioning adepts: knowledge, dietary behavior and practice in Palermo, Italy
2011
Abstract Background It is known that supplement use is a widespread and accepted practice by athletes and people who attend commercial gyms. Little is known about protein supplement amongst people undertaking strength training in commercial gyms in Italy when compared to the US. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the use of protein supplementation, alone or in association with other supplements, and dietary behavior amongst regular fitness center attendees in Palermo, Italy. Design Resistance training information have been collected from 800 regular fitness center attendees for the initial analysis. A specific questionnaire was generated for the experimentation. Data were co…
Hormonal and nutritional control of L‐carnitine uptake in myoblastic C2C12 cells
2008
L-Carnitine plays an important role in skeletal muscle bioenergetics, and its bioavailability and thus its import may be crucial for muscle function. We studied the effect of thyroid hormone, insulin, and iron overload, hormones and nutrients known to alter muscle metabolism, on L-carnitine import into C2C12 cells. We report here L-carnitine uptake is increased by thyroid hormones and decreased by iron. Insulin was found to be ineffective in altering the L-carnitine uptake.
Impaired border zone formation and adverse remodeling after reperfused myocardial infarction in cannabinoid CB2 receptor deficient mice.
2014
Abstract Aims Reperfusion of myocardial infarction is associated with inflammatory reaction and subsequent myocardial remodeling with a rapid scar formation in mice. The cannabinoid receptor CB2 has been associated with cardioprotection and regulation of macrophage function. We investigated its role in remodeling of reperfused infarction. Main methods One hour LAD-occlusion was followed by reperfusion over 6 h and 1, 3 and 7 days in wild-type C57/BL6J (WT) and CB2 receptor-deficient (Cnr2 −/− ) mice (n = 8/group). Hearts were processed for functional, morphological and mRNA/protein analysis, and tissue concentration of endocannabinoids was determined using liquid chromatography-multiple rea…