Search results for "Pyrroles"

showing 10 items of 121 documents

Reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with coronary heart disease and metabolic syndrome: analysis of the Treating to New Targ…

2006

BACKGROUND: Despite the prognostic value of metabolic syndrome for predicting cardiovascular events, few trials have investigated the effects of statin therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Our post hoc analysis of the Treating to New Targets (TNT) study assessed whether intensive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with high-dose atorvastatin therapy results in cardiovascular benefits for patients with both coronary heart disease and the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: The TNT study was a prospective, double blind, parallel-group trial done at 256 sites in 14 countries between April, 1998, and August, 2004, with a median follow-…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAtorvastatinCoronary Diseaselaw.inventionDiabetes Complicationschemistry.chemical_compoundDouble-Blind MethodRandomized controlled trialRisk FactorslawInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusAtorvastatinmedicineHumansPyrrolesMyocardial infarctionStrokeAgedMetabolic SyndromeDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryCholesterolAnticholesteremic AgentsHazard ratioCholesterol LDLGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgerychemistryCardiovascular DiseasesHeptanoic AcidsCardiologyFemaleMetabolic syndromebusinessmedicine.drug
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Coadministration of atorvastatin prevents nitroglycerin-induced endothelial dysfunction and nitrate tolerance in healthy humans.

2010

Objectives We aimed to assess whether concurrent administration of atorvastatin would modify the development of tolerance and endothelial dysfunction associated with sustained nitroglycerin (GTN) therapy in humans. Background Animal studies have demonstrated that administration of 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors can protect against GTN-induced endothelial dysfunction and tolerance, likely through an antioxidant mechanism. Methods Thirty-six healthy male volunteers were randomized to receive continuous transdermal GTN (0.6 mg/h) and placebo, atorvastatin (80 mg/day) alone, or continuous transdermal GTN (0.6 mg/h) with concurrent atorvastatin (80 mg/day), all for 7 …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliumendotheliumAdolescentBrachial Arterymedicine.medical_treatmentAtorvastatinVasodilator AgentsBlood PressurePlaceboNitroglycerinYoung AdultDouble-Blind MethodHeart RateReference ValuesInternal medicinemedicineAtorvastatinHumansPyrrolesEndothelial dysfunctionSalinetolerancebiologybusiness.industryDrug Administration RoutesDrug Tolerancemedicine.diseaseVasodilationOxidative StressBlood pressuremedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyHeptanoic AcidsCirculatory systemHMG-CoA reductasebiology.proteincardiovascular systemlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Endothelium VascularHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugcirculatory and respiratory physiologyJournal of the American College of Cardiology
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Comparison of UV and charged aerosol detection approach in pharmaceutical analysis of statins

2009

Abstract CAD (charged aerosol detector) has recently become a new alternative detection system in HPLC. This detection approach was applied in a new HPLC method for the determination of three of the major statins used in clinical treatment—simvastatin, lovastatin and atorvastatin. The method was optimized and the influence of individual parameters on CAD response and sensitivity was carefully studied. Chromatography was performed on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 (4.6 mm × 75 mm, 3.5 μm), using acetonitrile and formic acid 0.1% as mobile phase. The detection was performed using both CAD (20 pA range) and DAD (diode array detector—238 nm) simultaneously connected in series. In terms of linearity, …

AerosolsSimvastatinAccuracy and precisionChromatographyChemistryFormic acidDetectorAnalytical chemistryLinearityCADHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundEquipment and SuppliesHeptanoic AcidsWide dynamic rangeAtorvastatinPyrrolesLovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Chromatography High Pressure LiquidTabletsTalanta
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Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new bromine-rich pyrrole derivatives related to monodeoxypyoluteorin

2006

The synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new pyrrole derivatives structurally related to monodeoxypyoluteorin are described. The insertion of a keto or methylene spacer between the phenol group and the pyrroloyl moiety of brominated 2-(2'-hydroxybenzoyl)pyrroles leads to a decrease of the antibacterial activity.

Antifungal AgentsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyKetoneMicrobial Sensitivity Testspyoluteorin analogsChemical synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundPhenolsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredDrug DiscoveryMoietyPhenolOrganic chemistryPyrrolesPhenolsMethyleneantimicrobicbromopyrrolePharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineBromineAntimicrobialAnti-Bacterial AgentschemistryAntibacterial activity
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Influence of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein promoter polymorphism -493 GT on fasting plasma triglyceride values and interaction with treatm…

2005

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Phenotypic expression is highly variable, being influenced by diet, age, gender, body mass index, apolipoprotein E genotype and type of LDL-receptor gene mutation. Microsomal triglyceride (TG) transfer protein (MTP) is a protein involved in lipid metabolism. Polymorphism MTP -493 GT has been shown to modulate lipid levels in several populations. To analyse the effect of this polymorphism in the lipid phenotype expression of FH and treatment response, we studied a sample of 222 Spanish FH patients, of whom 147 were studied before and after trea…

Apolipoprotein EMaleAtorvastatinPolymerase Chain ReactionMicrosomal triglyceride transfer proteinBody Mass Indexchemistry.chemical_compoundAtorvastatinGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsPromoter Regions GeneticGenetics (clinical)Polymorphism Single-Stranded ConformationalGeneticsbiologyAutosomal dominant traitFastingLipoproteins LDLCholesterolPhenotypeMolecular Medicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Femalemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyHeterozygoteGenotypeLipoproteinsHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIApolipoproteins ESex FactorsInternal medicineGeneticsmedicineHumansPyrrolesMolecular BiologyAllelesTriglyceridesPolymorphism GeneticTriglycerideCholesterolGenetic VariationCholesterol LDLDNALipid MetabolismEndocrinologychemistryHeptanoic AcidsPharmacogeneticsMutationbiology.proteinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCarrier ProteinsBody mass indexPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenetics and genomics
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Marine Pyrrole Alkaloids

2021

Nitrogen heterocycles are essential parts of the chemical machinery of life and often reveal intriguing structures. They are not only widespread in terrestrial habitats but can also frequently be found as natural products in the marine environment. This review highlights the important class of marine pyrrole alkaloids, well-known for their diverse biological activities. A broad overview of the marine pyrrole alkaloids with a focus on their isolation, biological activities, chemical synthesis, and derivatization covering the decade from 2010 to 2020 is provided. With relevant structural subclasses categorized, this review shall provide a clear and timely synopsis of this area.

Aquatic OrganismsQH301-705.5Ecologymarine natural productsPharmaceutical Sciencepyrrole-aminoimidazole alkaloidsReviewBiologyalkaloidsStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrypyrrolesDrug DiscoveryAnimalspyrrole-imidazole alkaloidsnitrogen heterocyclesbromopyrrolesBiology (General)Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)PyrroleMarine Drugs
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Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Enzyme-Responsive Fluorogenic Probes Based on Pyridine-Flanked Diketopyrrolopyrrole Dyes

2020

The ever-growing demand for fluorogenic dyes usable in the rapid construction of analyte-responsive fluorescent probes, has recently contributed to a revival of interest in the chemistry of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) pigments. In this context, we have explored the potential of symmetrical and unsymmetrical DPP derivatives bearing two or one 4-pyridyl substituents acting as optically tunable group(s). The unique fluorogenic behavior of these molecules, closely linked to N-substitution/charge state of their pyridine unit (i.e., neutral pyridine or cationic pyridinium), has been used to design DPP-based fluorescent probes for detection of hypoxia-related redox enzymes and penicillin G acylase …

Aqueous solutionPyridinesCationic polymerizationContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyKetones010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesFluorescenceCombinatorial chemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPyridineMoleculePyrrolesPyridinium0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationBiosensorSpectroscopyFluorescent Dyes
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Docking of indolo- and pyrrolo-pyrimidines to DNA. New DNA-interactive polycycles from amino-indoles/pyrroles and BMMA

2004

New indolo- and pyrrolo-pyrimidines of type 1-4 were studied for their ability to form stable complexes with DNA fragments. The calculated free energies of binding were found in the range -8.39 ÷ -16.72 Kcal/mol. The docking studies revealed a common binding mode with the chromophore intercalated between GC base pairs whereas the side chain lies along the minor groove.

Base pairStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryChromophoreSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceuticalcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistrychemistryDocking (molecular)Docking DNA interaction indolopyrimidine pyrrolopyrimidine aminoindoles aminopyrroles BMMASide chainFree energiesDNAMinor groove
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The efficacy and safety of ezetimibe/simvastatin combination compared with intensified lipid-lowering treatment strategies in diabetic subjects with …

2012

Aims The objective was to assess the consistency of effect of switching to ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/20 mg versus doubling the baseline statin dose (to simvastatin 40 mg or atorvastatin 20 mg) or switching to rosuvastatin 10 mg across subgroups of subjects with (n = 617) and without (n = 191) metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods This was a post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, 6-week study of adults 18–79 years with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥70 and ≤160 mg/dl. The percent change in LDL-C and other lipids was estimated within each subgroup separately. Safety and tolerability were assessed. Results In subjects with M…

Blood GlucoseMaleSimvastatinEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismAtorvastatinEzetimibe Simvastatin Drug CombinationPharmacologyEndocrinologyAtorvastatinMedicineRosuvastatin CalciumMetabolic SyndromeSulfonamidesAnticholesteremic AgentsFastingMiddle AgedDrug CombinationsTreatment OutcomeTolerabilityCardiovascular Diseaseslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Drug Therapy CombinationFemalemedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyStatinAdolescentmedicine.drug_classUrologyDrug Administration ScheduleEzetimibeDouble-Blind MethodDiabetes mellitusInternal MedicineHumansRosuvastatinPyrrolescardiovascular diseasesAgedApolipoproteins Bbusiness.industrynutritional and metabolic diseasesCholesterol LDLmedicine.diseaseFluorobenzenesDiabetes Mellitus Type 1PyrimidinesDiabetes Mellitus Type 2SimvastatinHeptanoic AcidsAzetidinesMetabolic syndromebusinessDiabetic AngiopathiesDiabetes, obesitymetabolism
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One-year atorvastatin treatment in hypercholesterolemic patients with or without carotid artery disease.

2006

Aim. Statins are the drugs of choice in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), which has a high risk of premature cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction, stroke, and surgical revascularization. Methods. A 1-year open-label study was conducted to test the efficacy and tolerability of Atorvastatin titrated to the target, in proven FH patients and to evaluate certain inflammatory parameters. One hundred and two FH patients (44 men and 58 women; mean age 58.7±3.6 years) were included in the study. After evaluation using the B-mode duplex scanning system of extracranial carotid arteries, the patients were divided into groups: Group 1 (15 men, 25 women) with carotid plaqu…

Blood PlateletsCarotid Artery DiseasesMaleTime FactorsCarotid Artery CommonHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIAtorvastatinHumansPyrrolesTriglyceridesApolipoproteins BApolipoprotein A-IAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol HDLFibrinogenCholesterol LDLMiddle Agedhs-CRPC-Reactive ProteinTreatment OutcomeHeptanoic AcidsPatient ComplianceFemaleHeterozygous familial hypercholesterolemiaHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCarotid arteryInternational angiology : a journal of the International Union of Angiology
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