Search results for "Qualité"
showing 10 items of 211 documents
Renforcer la mesure sur la qualité de l'éducation
2012
Les réflexions en cours sur le développement et les inégalités accroissent l'intérêt de mesurer les savoirs et les compétences des populations jeunes. Parmi les objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement, la lutte contre l'analphabétisme se fonde sur une éducation de qualité. La question de la création d'outils de mesure de la qualité de l'éducation est donc essentielle pour valider, universellement et équitablement, l'acquisition des apprentissages fondamentaux. Cette question est directement liée au développement, depuis 50 ans, de méthodes d'évaluation des acquisitions à l'origine des grandes enquêtes internationales comme PIRLS, TIMSS et PISA. Dans cet effort de connaissance sur la q…
La relation entre réformes des programmes scolaires et acquisitions à l'école primaire en Afrique : réalité ou fantasme ? L'exemple de l'approche par…
2007
This paper proposes a critical analysis of the introduction and implementation of new school curricula in Africa based on the example of the skills based approach (SBA). In many countries, the SBA has been chosen as the most appropriate and relevant method to change their school curriculum and improve education quality. We analyse the implementation of those new curricula based on the SBA in primary schools in Mauritania. The results show that the main problems about pupil's achievement lie rather in the effective implementation of curricula in the classrooms than in their contents. Additional analyses show that this result is confirmed, as well, in other African countries. As a background …
Teacher Shortages, Teacher Contracts and their Impacton Education in Africa
2007
Primary school enrolment rates are very low in francophone Africa. In order to enhance education supply, manycountries have launched large teacher recruitment programmes in recent years, whereby teachers are no longer engaged on civil servant positions, but on the basis of (fixed-term) contracts typically implying considerably lower salaries and a sharply reduced duration of professional training. While this policy has led to a boost of primary enrolment, there is a concern about a loss in the quality of education. In this paper we analyse the impact on educational quality, by estimating nonparametrically the quantile treatment effects for Niger, Togo and Mali, based on very informative dat…
Backing up the development of teaching skills of college teachers with an original conceptual frame
2010
National audience; L'objectif de cet article est de présenter un cadre conceptuel issu d'une expertise collective, développée pendant trois années au sein d'un projet international. Ce cadre permet de formaliser le conseil et l'accompagnement pédagogique au niveau universitaire, en questionnant les défis et enjeux de la pratique du développement pédagogique vis-à-vis des enseignants, des équipes d'enseignants et des responsables des institutions universitaires. Il permet également de soulever un ensemble de pistes de recherches qui restent à développer autour de la thématique du soutien à l'enseignement universitaire.
Evaluation of the impact of therapeutic management on the survival and quality of life of patients with follicular lymphoma or diffuse large B cell l…
2014
In France, hematologic malignancies, which are the sixthmost common cancers, are amajor public healthproblem. This work aimed to study the impact of the therapeutic management on survival and healt-relatedquality of life (HRQoL) in patients with these hematologic malignancies. The first objective of this work is topresent an overview of the epidemiology of lymphoid malignancies with a study of changes in the incidenceand net survival in the Côte d’Or department between 1980 and 2009. The incidence, which has increased since1980, seems to have stabilized since the 2000s for some entities, including follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuselarge B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Overall, we observed an imp…
Peut-on parler de recherche en pédagogie universitaire, aujourd'hui, en France ?
2008
08102; Définir la pédagogie universitaire et savoir ce qu'elle recouvre en France en termes de recherche constitue un enjeu. En effet, le manque de visibilité et de lisibilité de ce champ en limitent probablement la portée à l'heure où la notion de qualité semble se faire plus pressante dans le contexte universitaire français. En partant d'une définition opérationnelle de ce que l'on peut entendre par pédagogie universitaire en France et en s'appuyant sur une recherche documentaire effectuée à partir de la base de données Francis ainsi que de la consultation de programmes complets de différents colloques, cet article vise à mettre en perspective et à illustrer les principaux axes de recherc…
Le numérique à l'école primaire. Analyse des effets conjoints sur les élèves et les enseignants
2020
International audience; Les technologies numériques sont investies en France depuis plusieurs années par les pouvoirs politiques comme un instrument de lutte contre l'échec scolaire. L'hypothèse est parfois faite que les technologies de l'information et de la communication en éducation (TICE) améliorent sensiblement la qualité de l'éducation en modifiant et facilitant les conditions d'apprentissage des élèves. Cependant, les travaux de recherche montrent des effets relativement ambigus de l'utilisation des nouvelles technologies sur les acquis des élèves.
Apparence des matériaux, Vision artificielle, Inspection qualité, Reflectance Transformation Imaging
2022
Mastering the visual perception of the surfaces of manufactured products is a central issue for industry. However, in industry, the quality of surfaces is often assessed by human inspectors. Only a few specific cases use an instrumental or photometric approach. Among the photometric approaches, one of them is experiencing significant growth: Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI). However, this technique has limitations in terms of data acquisition and processing. The objective is therefore to correct some of these limitations in order to improve the RTI and, consequently, the visual quality control of surface conditions in industry.The current RTI systems are limited and cannot meet our …
Identification of patterns og change on mongitudinal data, illustrated by two exemples : study of hospital pathways in the management of cancer. Cons…
2014
Context In healthcare domain, data mining for knowledge discovery represent a growing issue. Questions about the organisation of healthcare system and the study of the relation between treatment and quality of life (QoL) perceived could be addressed that way. The evolution of technologies provides us with efficient data mining tools and statistical packages containing advanced methods available for non-experts. We illustrate this approach through two issues: 1 / What organisation of healthcare system for cancer diseases management? 2 / Exploring in patients suffering from metastatic cancer, the relationship between health-related QoL perceived and treatment received as part of a clinical tr…
Estimation and prognosis value of elderly colorectal cancer patients' quality of life. : A population-based study
2014
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in France and predominantly affects older patients. Few studies evaluating baseline quality of life of those patients, its short term evolution and its prognosis value on patients' survival have been performed in the context of a population-based study. This work is based on a prospective longitudinal cohort study performed by the Burgundy Digestive Cancer Registry. All patients aged 65 and over, diagnosed with a new colorectal cancer and registered by the Registry between 2003 and 2005 were eligible. Among the 401 eligible patients, 246 fulfilled at least one questionnaire. Non-respondents were older and diagnosed with a more advance…