Search results for "RATES"

showing 10 items of 1636 documents

Uptake of organic xenobiotics by benthic invertebrates from sediment contaminated by the pulp and paper industry

2007

Abstract Uptake of pulp and paper mill-derived pollutants by benthic invertebrates from sediment in Southern Lake Saimaa, eastern Finland, was studied. Two groups of benthic invertebrates (Diptera and Oligochaeta) were analyzed for their concentrations of resin acids (RAs), chlorophenolics (CPs) and β -sitosterol. The samples were collected 1 and 3 km downstream from the mill. In laboratory experiments Chironomus plumosus (a dipteran) and Lumbriculus variegatus (oligochaete) were exposed for 14 d to sediments collected from the same locations. The concentrations of RAs, CPs and β -sitosterol were higher in the areas downstream from the mill than those in the upstream reference area in both …

Geologic SedimentsLumbriculus variegatusEnvironmental EngineeringFaunaSensitivity and SpecificityXenobioticsstomatognathic systemBenthosAnimalsChironomus plumosusWater PollutantsOrganic ChemicalsWater pollutionWaste Management and DisposalWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringInvertebratebiologyChemistryEcologyEcological Modelingfungitechnology industry and agricultureSedimentbiology.organism_classificationInvertebratesPollutionBenthic zoneTextile IndustryEnvironmental chemistryWater Research
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Spatiotemporal Variations in the Abundance and Structure of Denitrifier Communities in Sediments Differing in Nitrate Content

2017

Spatial and temporal variations related to hydric seasonality in abundance and diversity of denitrifier communities were examined in sediments taken from two sites differing in nitrate concentration along a stream Do&ntilde

Geologic SedimentsNitrite ReductasesDenitrification[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Rhodocyclaceae010501 environmental sciencesNitrate01 natural sciencesVariationsSedimentschemistry.chemical_compoundSpatio-Temporal AnalysisBacterial ProteinsNitrateAbundanceDenitrifierAbundance (ecology)[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyBradyrhizobiaceaeRelative species abundancePhylogenySoil Microbiology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesNitratesbiologyEcologyCommunitiesCommunity structureSedimentStructureBiodiversity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicine15. Life on landspatio-temporal; variations; abundance; structure; denitrifier; communities; sediments; differing; nitrate; contentbiology.organism_classificationDifferingBradyrhizobiaceaeContentHydric soilchemistrySpatio-Temporal[SDE]Environmental SciencesDenitrification040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisherieshuman activitiesCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology; Volume 24; Issue 1; Pages: 71-102
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Ecomorphological inferences in early vertebrates: reconstructing

2017

Our knowledge about the body morphology of many extinct early vertebrates is very limited, especially in regard to their post-thoracic region. The prompt disarticulation of the dermo-skeletal elements due to taphonomic processes and the lack of a well-ossified endoskeleton in a large number of groups hinder the preservation of complete specimens. Previous reconstructions of most early vertebrates known from partial remains have been wholly based on phylogenetically closely related taxa. However, body design of fishes is determined, to a large extent, by their swimming mode and feeding niche, making it possible to recognise different morphological traits that have evolved several times in no…

Geometric morphometricsEcologySizeEcomorphologySharksPaleontologyPalaeoartDunkleosteus terrelliZoologyCaudal finEarly vertebratesPeerJ
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The germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF)

2005

The germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF), which is also known as RTR (retinoid receptor-related testis-associated receptor) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. As a natural ligand remains to be discovered, GCNF is referred to as an orphan receptor. Owing to GCNF's unique features and its distant relation to any other known nuclear receptor it has been classified as the only member of the subgroup six and designated NR6A1 by the Receptor Nomenclature Committee (Duarte et al., 2002: Nucleic Acids Res 30: 364-368). To date, GCNF has been cloned from distinct vertebrate species, including zebrafish, Xenopus laevis, mouse, rat, and human. Cloning and characterization of the gene, domain …

Germ cell nuclear factorXenopusEmbryonic DevelopmentReceptors Cytoplasmic and NuclearNuclear Receptor Subfamily 6 Group A Member 1GeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansZebrafishGeneGeneticsOrphan receptorCloningbiologyGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell DifferentiationCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationDNA-Binding ProteinsGerm Cellsmedicine.anatomical_structureNuclear receptorVertebratesGerm cellDevelopmental BiologyMolecular Reproduction and Development
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Spatial analysis of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and drinking water hardness

2004

Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives. Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case-control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 1991-1998. We used the Spanish version of the Rapid Inquiry Facility (RIF) developed under the European Environment and Health Information System (EUROHEIS) research project. The strateg…

GerontologyMaleMini-Monograph: Information SystemsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisWater supply:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]Disease:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Sanitation::Sanitary Engineering::Water Supply [Medical Subject Headings]Magnesio:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]PreescolarMediana EdadReference ValuesExposición a Riesgos AmbientalesMedicineCluster AnalysisMagnesiumMasculinoChildEnfermedades Cardiovascularesgeographic information systems:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child::Child Preschool [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Weights and Measures::Reference Values [Medical Subject Headings]AdultoAguaEpidemiologic SurveillanceEnvironmental exposureMiddle AgedHumanos:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]Abastecimiento de aguarelative risk:Information Science::Information Science::Information Storage and Retrieval::Databases as Topic::Databases Factual::Geographic Information Systems [Medical Subject Headings]Cardiovascular DiseasesNiñoChild Preschool:Diseases::Nervous System Diseases::Central Nervous System Diseases::Brain Diseases::Cerebrovascular Disorders [Medical Subject Headings]Female:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant [Medical Subject Headings]Risk assessmentAdulthierarchical spatial modelsAdolescentAncianoSistemas de Información Geográfica:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Cluster Analysis [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Risk AssessmentCalcioWater Supply:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Metals::Metals Alkaline Earth::Calcium [Medical Subject Headings]Environmental health:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Metals::Metals Light::Magnesium [Medical Subject Headings]Humans:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Hydroxides::Water [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings]Socioeconomic status:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child [Medical Subject Headings]Agedbusiness.industry:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Assessment [Medical Subject Headings]Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant NewbornInfantWaterLactanteEnvironmental ExposureValores de ReferenciaAnálisis por ConglomeradosEstudios Epidemiológicosenvironmental epidemiologyCerebrovascular DisordersEpidemiologic StudiesTrastornos Cerebrovasculares:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Relative riskspatial smoothingCalciumbusinessMedición de Riesgo:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Environmental epidemiology
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A high dietary glycemic index increases total mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk

2014

© 2014 Castro-Quezada et al. Objective: Different types of carbohydrates have diverse glycemic response, thus glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are used to assess this variation. The impact of dietary GI and GL in all-cause mortality is unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between dietary GI and GL and risk of all-cause mortality in the PREDIMED study. Material and Methods: The PREDIMED study is a randomized nutritional intervention trial for primary cardiovascular prevention based on community-dwelling men and women at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary information was collected at baseline and yearly using a validated 137-item food freque…

GerontologyMalePhysiologyEpidemiologymodelos de riesgos proporcionaleshumanoslcsh:MedicineDieta mediterràniaFatsElderlyRisk Factorsíndice glucémicoCause of DeathMedicine and Health SciencesMedicinelcsh:Sciencemediana edadAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyancianoMultidisciplinaryDeath ratesGeographyGeographical regionsdietaMortality rateHazard ratioRegional geographyAge FactorsMiddle AgedGlycemic indexCardiovascular diseasesQuartilePhysiological ParametersCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleDietaResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationCarbohydratesenfermedades cardiovascularesBlood sugarNational Death Indexcausas de muerteInternal medicineGlycemic loadDietary CarbohydratesMortalitatHumansfactores de riesgoObesityFatty acidsMortalityeducationCardiovascular Disease EpidemiologyGlycemicNutritionAgedProportional Hazards Modelsconducta alimentariabusiness.industryPhysical activitycarbohidratos dietéticosMalalties cardiovascularslcsh:RBody WeightBiology and Life SciencesPREDIMED studyNutrientsFeeding BehaviorGenitourinary cancersDietEarth sciencesGlucèmiaGeriatricsGlycemic IndexGlycemiclcsh:QMediterranean Basinbusinesshuman activities
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Dietary Microperiodization in Elite Female and Male Runners and Race Walkers During a Block of High Intensity Precompetition Training.

2017

We investigated one week of dietary microperiodization in elite female (n = 23) and male (n = 15) runners and race-walkers by examining the frequency of training sessions and recovery periods conducted with recommended carbohydrate (CHO) and protein availability. Food and training diaries were recorded in relation to HARD (intense or >90min sessions; KEY) versus RECOVERY days (other-than KEY sessions; EASY). The targets for amount and timing of CHO and protein around KEY sessions were based on current nutrition recommendations. Relative daily energy and CHO intake was significantly (p < .05) higher in males (224 ± 26 kJ/kg/d, 7.3 ± 1.4 g/kg/d CHO) than females (204 ± 29 kJ/kg/d, 6.2 ±…

Gerontologynutrient timingAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPeriodicitySports medicineMedicine (miscellaneous)030209 endocrinology & metabolismWalkingSports nutritionNutrition PolicyRunning03 medical and health sciencesrecoveryYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineAnimal scienceSurveys and Questionnaireselite athletesDietary CarbohydratesMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineElite athletesNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryHigh intensity030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineFeeding BehaviorProtein intakeDiet RecordsDietSports Nutritional Physiological PhenomenacarbohydrateAthletesFemalenutrient availabilityDietary ProteinsbusinessproteinEnergy IntakePhysical Conditioning HumanInternational journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
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Jellyfish Stings Trigger Gill Disorders and Increased Mortality in Farmed Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Mediterranean Sea

2016

11 pages, 4 figures

Gills0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineGillFish mortalityFish DiseaseJellyfishScyphozoaRespiratory SystemMarine and Aquatic Scienceslcsh:MedicineAquaculture01 natural sciencesCell FusionBites and StingFish DiseasesAquacultureOceansMedicine and Health SciencesMarine FishBites and StingsAnimal Anatomylcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinarybiologyPhysicsFishesClassical MechanicsAgricultureSurvival RateVertebratesPhysical SciencesAnatomyAnimals Aquaculture Bites and Stings Fish Diseases Gills Mediterranean Sea Scyphozoa Sea Bream Survival Rate TunisiaResearch ArticleSettore BIO/07 - EcologiaCell PhysiologyTunisiaFish BiologyFish farmingMarine BiologyCnidaria03 medical and health sciencesFish physiologyBodies of waterbiology.animalFish PhysiologyMediterranean SeaAnimalsAnimal Physiology14. Life underwaterDamage MechanicsAnimalbusiness.industry010604 marine biology & hydrobiologylcsh:ROrganismsBiology and Life SciencesCell BiologyScyphozoabiology.organism_classificationPelagia noctilucaInvertebratesVertebrate PhysiologySea BreamFishery030104 developmental biologyAquatic Respiratory Anatomy13. Climate actionEarth SciencesGilllcsh:QJellyfishbusinessZoologyPLOS ONE
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Long-Term Behavioral Programming Induced by Peripuberty Stress in Rats Is Accompanied by GABAergic-Related Alterations in the Amygdala

2014

Stress during childhood and adolescence is a risk factor for psychopathology. Alterations in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, have been found following stress exposure and fear experiences and are often implicated in anxiety and mood disorders. Abnormal amygdala functioning has also been detected following stress exposure and is also implicated in anxiety and social disorders. However, the amygdala is not a unitary structure; it includes several nuclei with different functions and little is known on the potential differences the impact of early life stress may have on this system within different amygdaloid nuclei. We aimed here to evaluate pote…

Glutamate decarboxylaselcsh:MedicineNeural HomeostasisAnxietyBiochemistryMechanical Treatment of SpecimensBasal (phylogenetics)Behavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineAdolescent PsychiatryMolecular Cell BiologyMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyReceptorlcsh:Sciencegamma-Aminobutyric AcidCellular Stress ResponsesMammalsChild Psychiatry0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryBehavior AnimalGlutamate DecarboxylaseNeurochemistryNeurotransmittersAnimal ModelsAmygdalaAnxiety Disordersmedicine.anatomical_structureElectroporationSpecimen DisruptionCell ProcessesVertebratesAnxietyGABAergicmedicine.symptommedicine.drugResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyComputer and Information SciencesNeural NetworksPsychological StressNeuropsychiatric DisordersBiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsAmygdalaRodentsgamma-Aminobutyric acid03 medical and health sciencesModel OrganismsDevelopmental NeuroscienceNeuropsychologyMental Health and PsychiatrymedicineAnimalsInterpersonal RelationsRats WistarPsychiatry030304 developmental biologyBehaviorMood Disorderslcsh:RBody WeightPubertyOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesCell Biologymedicine.diseaseReceptors GABA-ARatsMood disordersnervous systemSpecimen Preparation and TreatmentExploratory Behaviorlcsh:QMolecular NeuroscienceNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStress PsychologicalNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Active Site Mapping of Xylan-Deconstructing Enzymes with Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides Produced by Automated Glycan Assembly

2017

Xylan-degrading enzymes are crucial for the deconstruction of hemicellulosic biomass, making the hydrolysis products available for various industrial applications such as the production of biofuel. To determine the substrate specificities of these enzymes, we prepared a collection of complex xylan oligosaccharides by automated glycan assembly. Seven differentially protected building blocks provided the basis for the modular assembly of 2-substituted, 3-substituted, and 2-/3-substituted arabino- and glucuronoxylan oligosaccharides. Elongation of the xylan backbone relied on iterative additions of C4-fluorenylmethoxylcarbonyl (Fmoc) protected xylose building blocks to a linker-functionalized …

GlycanGlycoside HydrolasesStereochemistryOligosaccharidesSOLID-PHASE SYNTHESISXylose010402 general chemistryARABINOXYLANPLANT CELL WALL01 natural sciencesCatalysisSubstrate Specificity//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]chemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisCellvibrioGlucuronoxylanCatalytic DomainArabinoxylan//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.4 [https]Organic chemistryBacteroidesGlycoside hydrolaseSolid-Phase Synthesis Techniqueschemistry.chemical_classificationbiology010405 organic chemistryHydrolysisCARBOHYDRATESOtras Ciencias QuímicasOrganic ChemistryCiencias QuímicasActive siteGeneral ChemistryXylan0104 chemical sciencescarbohydrates (lipids)Xylosidaseschemistrybiology.proteinXylansENZYMESCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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